How does a drug like Amikacin (injections) work? Reviews on the effectiveness of this medication are discussed below. Also, the article presents indications for the use of this tool, its therapeutic features and methods of use.
Form, composition
In what form is the Amikacin medicine made? Reviews report that this tool can be purchased in the form of a clear, slightly colored or colorless solution, which is intended for the introduction of intramuscular and intravenous.
The active element of this drug is amikacin, presented in the form of sulfate. Also, the composition of the solution includes such constituent ingredients as diluted sulfuric acid, sodium disulfite, water d / and sodium citrate d / i.
The drug in question comes on sale in glass ampoules, which are packed in paper bundles.
It is impossible not to say that the drug "Amikacin", reviews of which are more positive, can be found in the form of a powder intended for the preparation of an injection solution.
Mechanism of action
What is Amikacin? Doctors' reviews claim that this is a semi-synthetic antibiotic that belongs to the aminoglycoside group and has a bactericidal effect.
The drug in question is highly active against gram-negative aerobic microorganisms and some types of gram-positive bacteria. It should be noted that anaerobic microorganisms exhibit good resistance to it.
The drug "Amikacin", which all patients can comment on, does not lose its activity under the influence of enzymes that inactivate other aminoglycosides, and can also adversely affect strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are highly resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin and netilmicin.
Kinetic ability of the solution
Is Amikacin absorbed? Reviews report that after intramuscular administration, this drug is absorbed completely and quickly enough. In this case, the average therapeutic concentration of the active substance of this agent is maintained for 11-12 hours.
Amikacin binds to plasma proteins, is fairly well distributed in extracellular fluids, and is found in bronchial secretions, urine, sputum, bile, optic aqueous humor, breast milk and cerebrospinal fluid.
This drug is not metabolized. It is excreted through the kidneys unchanged.
Indications for drug administration
When is Amikacin used (injections)? For children (many patients leave reviews about this tool) and adults, this medication is prescribed for infectious and inflammatory diseases that were caused by gram-negative microorganisms or their associations:
- sepsis;
- respiratory tract infections;
- CNS infections (including meningitis);
- septic endocarditis;
- abdominal infections;
- infections (purulent) of soft tissues and skin;
- urinary tract infections (including cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis);
- biliary tract infections;
- wound infection;
- joint and bone infections;
- postoperative infections.
Prohibitions on the introduction
In what cases can not enter the drug "Amikacin"? Pneumonia (drug reviews are listed below) This medication treats very well. However, it is forbidden to use when:
- pregnancy
- neuritis of the auditory nerve ;
- severe chronic renal failure with uremia and azotemia;
- high sensitivity to drug substances;
- high sensitivity to other aminoglycosides.
With caution, this tool should be used for myasthenia gravis, dehydration, parkinsonism and botulism, renal failure, in the elderly, in the neonatal period, in the period of lactation, and in premature babies.
The drug "Amikacin": instructions
Reviews report that for the best therapeutic effectiveness, the drug in question should be used only as directed by the doctor.
This medication is administered intravenously or intramuscularly to adult patients, as well as children from six years old.
The maximum dosage of this antibiotic for adults is 15 mg / kg per day. The duration of treatment with the agent under consideration with intravenous administration is a week, and with intramuscular administration - 9-10 days.
As for children, the initial single dose of the drug for them is 10 mg / kg, and then 7.5 mg / kg every 20-24 hours.
For intravenous administration, this medication should be pre-diluted with 5% dextrose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
Side effects
When using Amikacin, such side effects as nausea, drowsiness, vomiting, headache, liver dysfunction, anemia, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, skin rash, soreness at the injection site, itching, dermatitis, skin hyperemia, phlebitis, fever can occur , periphlebitis, Quincke's edema.
Reviews
Reviews of specialists about the drug "Amikacin" claim that in most cases this medication is very effective. It fights well with various infections and greatly alleviates the serious condition of patients. However, it should be noted that many doctors are concerned that the medicine in question causes many side effects. In this regard, most experts are afraid to prescribe this drug and replace it with safer analogues.