Why and in what dosage is prescribed the drug "Monosan"? Instructions for use of this vasodilator drug are described in detail in the materials of this article. Also, it presents analogues of the drug, its composition, pharmacological effect, contraindications, adverse reactions, etc.
Form, packaging, composition
What substances are included in the drug "Monosan"? The instruction says that the active element of this drug is isosorbide-5-mononitrate. Also, the medication also includes such auxiliary components: talc granular lactose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and corn starch.
In what form do manufacturers produce Monosan? Instructions for use state that such a medication can only be bought in tablet form. They have a white color and a rounded shape. On one side of the pill there is a risk.
The drug is packaged in blisters that are in a pack of cardboard.
Pharmacological features
How does the drug "Monosan"? Instructions for use indicate that this drug is a peripheral vasodilator, which acts mainly on venous vessels.
The medication is capable of stimulating the production of such a relaxing endothelial factor as nitric oxide in the vascular endothelium. As a result of this effect, guanylate cyclase (an intracellular enzyme) is activated, which itself leads to an increase in the vasodilating mediator - cyclic guanosine monophosphate.
After taking the drug inside, the need for myocardial cells in oxygen decreases. This is due to a decrease in post- and preload indicators.
Also, specialists recorded a pronounced coronary expansion effect of the drug.
Drug effects
What other properties does the medicine "Monosan" have? The use of this medication helps to reduce blood flow to the right atrium, which significantly reduces pressure in the pulmonary circulation and reduces the severity of negative symptoms in pulmonary edema.
It should also be noted that under the influence of "Monosan" in areas with poor circulation, redistribution of coronary blood flow is observed
Against the background of taking the drug in people suffering from angina pectoris and coronary heart disease, resistance to any physical exertion is significantly increased. In addition, the agent in question is capable of lowering the indices of platelet Tx synthesis and inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Pharmacokinetic properties
Where is the drug "Monosan" absorbed, distributed and metabolized? The instruction for use states that the active substance of the drug is quite quickly and fully absorbed from the digestive tract. After taking the pill, the antianginal effect is observed after about 30-45 minutes and persists for 10 hours.
According to experts, the drug "Monosan" has a fairly high bioavailability (about 99-100%). This is due to the lack of the first passage of the drug through the hepatic system.
The half-life of the drug is 60 minutes. The concentration of the drug in the blood varies slightly and depends on the individual characteristics of the body.
The metabolism of the active substance of the drug is carried out in the liver. As a result of metabolic processes, three components are formed: isosorbide and two isosorbide-5-mononitrate glucuronides.
The half-life of the drug is 4-5 hours. At the same time, 2.2% is excreted through the renal system, and 97.8% - in the form of glucuronic metabolites.
Indications for use
Under what conditions is Monosan prescribed? The use of this medication is most effective in the following cases:
- pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary heart;
- chronic heart failure;
- prevention of angina attacks in people with coronary heart disease.
Contraindications
Under what conditions can not use "Monosan"? Analogs and the mentioned tool itself should not be taken with:
- vascular collapse;
- shock condition;
- arterial hypovolemia and arterial hypotension;
- heart tamponade ;
- left ventricular failure and low rates of diastolic blood pressure;
- toxic pulmonary edema;
- acute stage of myocardial infarction (with pronounced hypotension);
- angle-closure form of glaucoma;
- breastfeeding;
- diseases that provoke an increase in intracranial pressure;
- individual hypersensitivity;
- in childhood and adolescence (until adulthood).
It should also be noted that the drug in question has relative contraindications. These include the following conditions:
- mitral stenosis ;
- constrictive pericarditis;
- elderly age;
- orthostatic dysregulation of blood vessels;
- renal failure;
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- liver failure ;
- aortic stenosis;
- severe course of anemia.
The drug "Monosan": instructions for use
The INN (international nonproprietary name) of this medicine sounds like โisosorbide mononitrate.โ This drug is prescribed only orally. According to the instructions, it should be swallowed whole and washed down with water.
Prescribe pills should only be a doctor. However, he is obliged to assess the severity of the underlying disease of his patient.
Treatment with "Monosan" begins with 10-20 mg of the drug 1-3 times a day. From 3-4 days of therapy, the dosage regimen should be adjusted. If necessary, the amount of the drug is increased to 20-40 mg and taken twice a day.
Overdose symptoms
What signs of an overdose can occur in a patient if the Monosan medication is taken incorrectly? The instructions for use indicate the following symptoms: collapse, fainting, diarrhea syndrome, dizziness, hyperpnea, redness of the skin, methemoglobinemia, dyspnea, tachycardia of reflex origin, headaches, hyperthermia, lethargy, weakness, increased intracranial pressure, visual impairment, paralysis, nausea, coma, sweating, vomiting.
As a treatment for such conditions, gastric lavage manipulations are used, and enterosorbing agents are also prescribed.
Side effects
Does the drug "Monosan" cause undesirable reactions? Instructions for use (analogues of this medication are indicated below) states that such a drug can cause many side effects. Note some of them:
- vomiting
- burning sensation in the tongue;
- dry mouth
- nausea;
- feeling of heat;
- tachycardia;
- nitrate headaches;
- hyperemia of the skin ;
- Dizziness
- marked decrease in blood pressure;
- increased angina attacks;
- orthostatic collapse ;
- increased drowsiness;
- slowdown of mental and motor reactions;
- stiffness
- blurred visual perception;
- establishment of tolerance;
- specific skin rashes;
- exfoliative dermatitis.
Analogues of the drug and its price
What means can replace the Monosan medication? There are analogues of this medicine in every pharmacy. Among the most effective, one can single out Monochinkwe, Isoket, Cardiket, Efoks, and Pektrol.
As for the price of the drug, it is not very high. You can buy a drug in Russian cities for only 100 rubles (30 tablets).
Patient Reviews
The drug we are considering has many positive reviews. Patients claim that it manifests itself as a very effective remedy for pulmonary hypertension and chronic heart failure. However, it should be noted that in order to obtain a high therapeutic result, such a drug must be combined with other drugs. To do this, be sure to contact your doctor.
I would also like to note that many patients are pleased with the price of the medication presented. As mentioned above, for 30 tablets you will have to give only 100 Russian rubles.
It is impossible not to say that negative reviews are often left about this medicine. In most cases, they are associated with the manifestation of many side effects. By the way, when they occur, it is better to refuse to take the drug and replace it with a safer drug. Which one, you can tell only an experienced specialist.