If there is a lump on the fingers, shins, on the child’s foot, all the attention of the patient himself and his parents, grandparents, are focused on the leg. The more responsible the older generation, the more attention the child can count on. However, this is absolutely correct - the formation may indicate a serious disease that only a qualified doctor can diagnose. Most often, cones occur against the background of a stroke or after vaccination. Consider these cases.
Made an injection: subtleties
Recently, an increasing number of parents have been protesting against vaccinations: many people think that such injections are unnecessary, and injections only spoil the future of their child. To some extent, they are justified by the logic of comparison with past centuries, when there were no special drugs that would prevent serious diseases, which means that there were no consequences of their administration, and not every child suffered from terrible pathology. But if you take an injection, you never know what results it will lead to. For example, many people know that after DTP on a child’s leg, a lump appears quite often.
The need for vaccinations is explained by the nuances of the formation of human immunity: its base is laid at a very early age. Even before the age of one year, babies gradually acquire various substances and compounds, which will then protect their body as they grow older and throughout life. This means that timely delivery of the vaccine during this period gives the child safety for years and decades to come. True, sometimes an injection can provoke undesirable effects.
Complications: what and why?
Various undesirable symptoms may appear after DTP in a child. A bump on the foot is not the only thing that causes an injection. Sometimes a child is in a fever, it becomes tearful or indifferent. Some children are constantly drawn to sleep, others lose their appetite. The area of ​​introduction of the substance becomes the focus of localization of the infiltrate. The shape is usually similar to a circle, the dimensions are small, and the skin in this area is reddened and hotter than normal. Some note itching, soreness of the site.
Studies have revealed why, after vaccination in a child, bumps on the leg, fever, fever and pain can be disturbed with an increased degree of probability. As it turned out, children who received an incorrectly delivered injection are more prone to this: if the nurse squeezes the tissues too much in the area of ​​reference, the risks of forming a seal increase. An injection can lead to such consequences, with the introduction of which the technical rules were not followed. In some cases, the cause of the reaction is the response of their own immunity, the penetration of an infection or inflammatory agent through the skin, the accumulation of purulent secretions. If the dimensions of the molding do not exceed 7 mm, there is no obvious focus of inflammation, the bump is considered a normal reaction and does not require specialized intervention.
What to do?
If the cause of the bumps on the child’s legs is vaccination, and the condition is such that the child needs qualified help, the doctor will select a comprehensive course. It is important to start it as soon as possible so that the condition does not worsen. Parents will have to constantly check the temperature indicators, monitoring the possible sharp increase in heat. It is also important to monitor the baby, preventing scratching of the affected area. In the first few days after the administration of the drug, it is forbidden to bathe the child, and for the period of formation of the immune defense, interaction with peers should be limited. It is equally important to control how much the child drinks in order to prevent dehydration.
Sometimes a child's bump from a vaccination on a leg is treated medically. To complications were less pronounced, as well as to minimize side effects should use drops "Fenistil." The drug is used, taking into account the manufacturer's recommendations in relation to the age of the patient. With a febrile resort to medicinal formulations with paracetamol, ibuprofen. It is forbidden to use substances on an empty stomach, since non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs activate the production of gastric juice.
Important aspects
If after a vaccination a child has a lump, the parents will have to worry about controlling the baby’s nutrition, and especially about how much they drink per day. Imbalance in fluid balance can cause dehydration, resulting in a variety of internal disturbances. To minimize such undesirable consequences, you need to drink plenty and plenty. Take into account that fever is often accompanied by vomiting, which means that the risks of dehydration become even more pronounced. To reduce them, it is recommended to use "Gastrolit" or "Regidron".
As a preventative measure, saline is instilled into the child after the vaccine is given. This minimizes the risk of an inflammatory reaction that affects the body as a whole.
Local treatment
If, after the vaccine is given, the child has a bump on his leg, it is worth taking a closer look at substances intended for external use. Thus, an increase in the trophic abilities of organic tissues is achievable using Troxerutin. The drug helps the seal to resolve faster, relieves pain and eliminates the activity of the focus of inflammation.
If during the injection, the substance instead of muscle tissue enters the vein, you can try to use "Eskuzan." The drug stimulates blood flow in the field of application, helps to quickly clear the area of ​​toxic compounds.
As an effective antihistamine for topical use, the gel appears in pharmacies under the name "Fenistil." As part of the fight against a red cone on a child’s feet, the drug is used to relieve hyperemia of the skin. The tool activates regenerative processes.
Strictly forbidden
If a child was prescribed any drugs and medications, nutritional supplements, but after receiving the vaccine a bump appeared on his leg, he probably has a disruption in the functioning of internal systems and organs due to a conflict of drugs. In particular, if calciferol was used before the procedure, after receiving the injection, it is necessary to refuse it in order to minimize the likelihood of an allergic response. Instead of vitamin complexes, calcium gluconate can be used.
If the child is prone to allergic reactions, it is forbidden to use Suprastin. Despite the strong antihistamine effect, this medication drains the mucous membranes, which means it increases the risk of acute respiratory infections, especially if the injection is made during a high probability of getting sick. It is better to choose antihistamine drops - in pharmacies there are a lot of variety of drugs of this type.
In specialized guides you can find a lot of reflecting what kind of bumps on the legs of a child may occur, photos, as well as recommendations and limitations associated with treatment if such formations occur against the background of vaccinations. In particular, from specialized publications you can find out that ichthyol ointment, alcohol and all medicines containing these components are strictly prohibited, as they can harm the skin. If the child is suffering from a fever, you can not use aspirin to alleviate the condition, since the substance irritates the gastric walls and is highly likely to provoke undesirable effects.
ethnoscience
If a bump appears on the child’s leg, and classical medications do not give effect or are not applicable due to individual intolerance, consideration should be given to treatment with folk formulations. Sometimes healers recommend trying cottage cheese - the product is heated, laid out on the tissue and a compress is applied to the inflamed areas, after which it is fixed with a bandage. You can wrap your leg in a warm shawl. An alternative, but no less reliable option is based on the use of honey - the product is drowned, the egg is interfered with and a drop of oil squeezed from the olive. The finished product is allowed to cool, then applied to the affected areas.
Well established in the fight against cones on the child’s feet, cabbage leaves. They are washed with warm water, beat off, cut in the thickest areas, then applied to the affected area and carefully fixed. Such a compress can be left overnight.
A popular version of the compress involves mixing honey with brown bread flour in equal volumes. Finished dough is placed on a bump. It is not necessary to cover the area with a film - this will create an undesirable effect that worsens the condition of the skin, and can provoke active inflammation.
Hygroma
Another variant of the bump on the child’s leg is a hygroma, the name of which comes from the Greek language and means a wet tumor. The term is usually called a round cyst. Less commonly, the formation is irregular in shape. In any case, belongs to the number of benign. The dimensions of the hygroma vary within 0.5-3 cm. The area is dense to the touch. Studies show that hygroma is formed by cells of the synovial articular membrane or tendon tissues. In medicine, often called the formation of the ganglion.
Visually, the bumps on the legs on the side of the child look like capsules filled with colorless jelly. The content is transparent. The articular membranes protrude between the ligaments and tendons, which leads to the appearance of a specific hard or soft formation under the skin. Hygroma is the accumulation of fluid in an articular bag. A pathological condition can occur in people of any age and gender. In children, hygroma, as can be seen from medical statistics, is very common. The probability of malignancy of the region is, but is estimated as extremely small. Sometimes the site may be disturbed by limited mobility, but there is almost no pain due to hygroma.
Where did the trouble come from?
The bump on the child’s leg on the ankle, knee and other areas of the limb appears unpredictably, which worries many. It is noted that often there are no obvious reasons for the appearance of a formation in principle. In addition to the legs, hands and neck may suffer. Occasionally, a hygroma appears in the brain. The most common area of ​​localization is the knee. The most dangerous are considered the ganglia of the nape, which can provoke the death of the patient.
There is a higher risk of cone formation if the child is sick, which affects the state of fibrin, and also receives injuries, is faced with increased physical exertion, which negatively affects the general condition of the body. Most often, bumps on the child’s legs (on the feet, knee and other areas) appear if the child moves too much or too little. A joint trauma, ligamentous sprain, prolonged strong loads on the area can lead to this consequence. Occasionally, the formation appears during development in the mother’s womb, but more often after birth. Treatment in an impressive percentage of cases involves surgery. General anesthesia is necessary if the patient is under ten years old and local for children older.
How to notice?
You can understand that a bump on a child’s leg (on the foot, ankle, knee) is a hygroma if you carefully examine the child. As a rule, at the initial stage it is almost impossible to suspect a problem, since there is no pain, there are no changes visible to the eye, nor does anxiety or restriction of mobility appear. A careful examination of the limbs can reveal a compacted area of ​​the skin. A tumor develops for months, years, gradually adds size. Sooner or later, this provokes unpleasant sensations, can cause pain during a period of increased stress. Signs indicate a decrease in the amplitude of articular movements. In addition, the ganglion is located near the nerve structures and irritates them.
Suspecting that the child has bumps growing on his legs, you need to carefully examine the site. Palpation can reveal the presence of a sedentary spherical, even formation, whose base is attached to the bones of the skeleton and tissues nearby. Usually one ganglion arises, less often unique rice bodies are formed - rather mobile areas of neoplasms. When examining with fingers, there is no soreness, heat too. The progress of the pathological condition is accompanied by pulling pain with strong pressure on the site. Sensations are dull, can be given to other parts of the body, are activated with increased loads. The skin over the tumor becomes rough, their thickness increases. If there is a focus of inflammation, the skin turns red.
Case Nuances
A bump on a child’s toe, formation on the foot or knee can be elastic, and palpation allows you to feel their softness. For others, the area becomes hard. Both options may indicate hygroma. Regardless of the consistency, the area is always clearly limited, while the skin on top can freely move. The growth of the ganglion is possible due to the increased activity of the patient. When a person is resting, hygroma may decrease again.
The ganglion itself will not be lost. Treatment with conservative methods is almost always useless, and the best results are obtained on time. Although it is not worthwhile to delay the intervention, there is no need to panic too: there are no known cases of transformation of the hygroma into malignant tumors.
Localization - foot
As medical studies have shown, the ganglion of the foot most often appears in children who spend a lot of time playing active games involving dislocations and bruises in this area of ​​the body. Injuries provoke the formation of a tumor, most often from the back of the skeletal system of the phalanx or near the ankle. Hygroma progresses rapidly and brings considerable discomfort when moving.
A distinctive feature of the foot ganglion is a strong morbidity of formation, due to the abundance of nerve endings in this area of ​​the human body. It’s hard for a child to wear shoes and just walk, the child constantly complains about these feelings. The use of tight shoes is accompanied by risks of additional injury, in which the tumor can begin to grow aggressively, squeezing the vascular sections and the ends of the nervous system. Trauma initiates the inflammatory process. In order to minimize undesirable consequences and save the patient from unpleasant sensations, a removal operation should be performed as soon as possible.
A conservative approach is possible - the hygroma is crushed, then the contents of the capsule are removed by punctures. Such treatment is associated with an increased risk of relapse, since the capsule that generates synovial fluid remains in place. The operation can be carried out using a laser, they can perform excision. This treatment option is accompanied with a significantly lower risk of relapse.
The nuances of refinement
In general, determining hygroma is very simple, and special research activities are not organized. The most accurate results are obtained by palpation of formations located directly under the skin. With deep localization, the patient can be referred for x-ray for a more accurate assessment of the condition.
In rare cases, as is known from clinical observations, the ganglion was diagnosed incorrectly, was incorrectly and inaccurately determined. There is a risk of confusing the process with other tumors, as well as an abscess. With certain nuances of the development of hygroma, it is similar to benign, malignant formations. Simplification of the diagnosis is possible taking into account information about the typical localization of the ganglion. Be sure to examine the patient and examine all his complaints.
If there is any doubt about the accuracy of the diagnosis, the child should be referred for an X-ray, ultrasound examination of the formation and tissues nearby. Puncture is sometimes indicated. During the procedure, biological fluids are obtained that are studied in laboratory conditions in order to determine histological features.
The difficulty of the issue
It is known that visually the ganglion is like a lipoma, an atheroma. In order not to confuse the state, in order to make the correct diagnosis, you need to collect an anamnesis, take into account all manifestations of pathology. X-ray allows to exclude diseases of the joints, skeletal system.During ultrasound, you can visualize the capsule, see structural features, detect blood vessels in the walls, if any, evaluate the location relative to the nerve endings. Currently, ultrasound diagnostics is prescribed for almost all patients, since it requires a minimum of time, is simple, and is accessible to almost everyone. The study provides a wealth of information useful when choosing a course of treatment.
How to help?
The cure of the disease involves the use of measures to help minimize the risk of relapse. Nowadays, the most promising option is the timely operation, during which the diseased area is excised, and the capsule shell is worked out using a laser system. Excision requires local anesthesia, lasts about 30 minutes, in rare cases of increased complexity - a little longer. After a week, you can remove the stitches. With large dimensions, a complicated area of ​​location, general anesthesia may be recommended. This is especially true for patients under the age of 10 years.
With small sizes, a conservative approach to treatment is allowed. Apply special mud, ultraviolet and applications with paraffin. Electrophoresis is well established. Since the century before last, the option of pressure on the site has been practiced, followed by pumping out the contents of the formation. At the same time, drug formulations are introduced into the cavity. Such an approach with a high degree of probability in the future will be complicated by relapse. Currently, new methods and methods are being developed for ridding patients of the ganglion. Through special installations in the skin, a puncture is made through which the contents are removed. The duration of the operation is one third of an hour. About two hours are spent on rehabilitation.