Myocardial infarction is today considered a fairly common complication of coronary heart disease. This diagnosis is made quite often. In the absence of help, such a condition can lead to sad consequences. That is why the treatment of myocardial infarction is very important. Do not neglect medical help - at the first suspicion, you should consult a doctor.
The main symptoms of heart muscle infarction
It should be understood that the sooner the patient is provided with the necessary medical care, the faster and more effective will be the treatment of myocardial infarction. The main symptom is the presence of prolonged pain behind the sternum, which does not disappear with repeated administration of nitroglycerin preparations. Often, such pain can last for hours, but it’s worth worrying already half an hour after the onset of pain.
Sometimes patients feel only suffocation. Sometimes the pain is concentrated in the epigastric region. Sometimes a heart attack is accompanied by arterial hypertension, an increase in body temperature, less often - a significant increase in heart rate.
First Aid Rules
The treatment of myocardial infarction also largely depends on timely and correctly provided first aid. If you suspect a similar condition, you must immediately put the patient and limit physical activity. Remember that you can not ignore the pain or self-medicate - immediately call an ambulance. If possible, take the patient to the nearest hospital.
It is advisable to take a tablet of nitroglycerin. If it is not, you can try to stop the pain with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, asprin or analgin.
When you stop breathing, you need to conduct an indirect heart massage and use the artificial respiration technique.
Myocardial Infarction Treatment
Once again, it is worth emphasizing the importance of timely assistance. The patient must be taken to the intensive care unit as soon as possible. Indeed, it is only in the first few hours after the attack that it is possible to introduce a special drug that will dissolve the blood clot and restore normal circulation of the heart muscle. Then, as a rule, the patient is injected with aspirin and some other anticoagulants that will prevent the formation of new blood clots.
Often, beta-blockers are used to treat patients in this condition. These drugs act on the cells of the heart muscle, reducing the activity of their work and, accordingly, the need for oxygen and nutrients. This helps prevent cell death and the development of necrosis sites.
If conservative therapy does not have the desired effect, some doctors prescribe surgery. In order to restore normal blood flow, cardiac surgeons perform the so-called coronary balloon angioplasty. With timely help and proper treatment, the prognosis for the patient is very encouraging.
Treatment after myocardial infarction
To begin with, it is worth noting that rehabilitation after a heart attack is a rather complicated matter. A few years ago, a sick person was hospitalized for a month. Today, the period of inpatient treatment is significantly reduced.
The patient needs a strict lying regimen for at least the first 3-4 days. Indeed, in this state, the heart can not withstand the usual load. Only with time will the patient be allowed to slowly sit down and walk - the first steps should be carried out only under the supervision of medical personnel. An extract from the hospital is possible only after all necessary tests and studies.
But recovery from myocardial infarction continues at home for the next six months. During this period, the patient needs rest. Nervous overstrain, emotional arousal and physical activity are strictly contraindicated. It is also necessary to take the prescribed drugs and follow all medical recommendations. Bad habits should be abandoned. But proper nutrition and regimen are very important for the full restoration of health.