Chickenpox is an infectious disease that is caused by the chickenpox virus. It is one of the most common and infectious diseases in the whole world, and therefore a smallpox vaccine is simply necessary, do not neglect its use.
This disease is transmitted by airborne droplets. The susceptibility of the human body to this virus is very high. If a person has not been vaccinated, then upon contact with a patient with chickenpox, the probability of infection is almost 100%. Smallpox vaccine can significantly reduce the indicated probability of illness.
Although this is considered a childhood disease, as children under 10 years old are mostly affected, adults who are not vaccinated are also at risk.
The manifestations of this disease are the appearance of rashes on the skin in the form of vesicles, inside of which there is a clear liquid, namely the smallpox vaccine helps to avoid and significantly reduce the risk of contracting this disease. After a few days, a large number of these vesicles appear, they gradually dry out, and a kind of crust forms on the human body. In the normal course of the disease, it lasts from 7 to 10 days.
Usually, for most people, chickenpox disease results in a complete recovery. In some children, the virus persists in the intervertebral nerve ganglia and activates after a few years, while shingles appear , to prevent such complications, a smallpox vaccine is needed.
This complication is usually observed in approximately every fifth child who has had chickenpox. It can occur after 50 years, when there is a natural decrease in general immunity, especially often it manifests itself in HIV-infected people.
Possible consequences of the disease
Chickenpox is a fairly minor disease, but can be complicated, for example, by the occurrence of pneumonia, encephalitis, they have significant consequences and can even lead to death, so the chickenpox vaccine can save a person's life.
If secondary infection of the vesicles occurs, this threatens the formation of scars on the skin. Children often develop pneumonia, much less likely to have congenital chickenpox syndrome and perinatal chickenpox.
For people who have problems with the immune system, the course of this disease is severe, repeated cases of shingles may occur.
In children who take steroidal homones and get chickenpox, it can even be fatal.
But among children, the complications that cause death are much less common than in adults, so the smallpox vaccine should be used in early childhood.
Chickenpox vaccination can be carried out for all children older than one year (administered once), as well as for children older than 13 years and for adults - twice with an interval of 7-10 weeks.
First of all, vaccination must be carried out in the following categories of the population:
- people who suffer from severe chronic diseases;
- patients with acute leukemia ;
- people who receive immunosuppressants and radiation therapy;
- patients who are planning an organ transplant.
Vaccination can be carried out if there are no symptoms that indicate a lack of cellular immunity, and the level of lymphocytes in the blood should not be lower than 1200 / mm3.
Contraindications
The presence of acute infectious and non-communicable diseases is a temporary contraindication. It is also impossible to vaccinate in the presence of severe immunodeficiency. The vaccine is not administered to pregnant and lactating women, as well as people who are allergic to the components of the vaccine.