Currently, many people suffer from myocardial dystrophy disease. Not everyone knows what it is and how to treat it. Myocardial dystrophy (abbreviated as MKD) includes a group of heart diseases that are non-inflammatory in nature. With the disease, there is a decrease in the contractile function of the heart, its excitability, conduction, automatism and a violation of the myocardial metabolic processes.
Causes of myocardial dystrophy
Myocardial dystrophy of the heart muscle occurs due to strong loads on the heart during improper and intensive training. Also, an unbalanced diet, a short rest, constant interruption of sleep can provoke the appearance of MCD. Other common factors for the development of myocardial dystrophy include:
- infectious diseases in the phase of inflammation;
- chronic tonsillitis;
- intoxication of the body (poisoning, alcohol, cigarettes, drugs);
- overweight;
- myxedema;
- avitaminosis;
- diabetes;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- anemia;
- radiation;
- muscle dystrophy;
- genital inflammation;
- collagenosis;
- the appearance of menopause in women;
- overheating;
- lack of potassium in the body;
- Cushing's syndrome;
- starvation;
- prolonged stay on mono-diets;
- deposition of salts in the heart muscle.
Symptoms of MCD
Signs of myocardial dystrophy are most often seen only with intense physical exertion. At rest, the disease is passive. Symptoms of MKD can often be confused with other diseases, so myocardial dystrophy is quite difficult to identify and diagnose at the primary stage. The main signs of MKD disease:
- spasmodic or aching chest pain;
- fast fatiguability;
- impotence;
- state of depression;
- shortness of breath when moving;
- weakness;
- heart palpitations ;
- pain in the heart;
- interruption of the heart muscle;
- arrhythmia;
- systolic murmur at the apex of the heart;
- slow heart rate.
In chronic cases, myocardial dystrophy of the heart, treatment, symptoms - all this takes on a complex character. The patient has severe shortness of breath at rest, enlarged liver, and the appearance of edema.
MKD treatment
In myocardial dystrophy, symptoms, causes and treatment play a leading role. It is important to consult a doctor when the first signs appear. In this case, there is a chance for a speedy recovery.
A cardiologist will be able to solve a number of problems:
- identify the cause of the disease;
- timely diagnose;
- prescribe adequate therapy.
This kind of treatment should be carried out in a hospital under the supervision of medical specialists.
When applying for help, the cardiologist will first of all take readings on the electrocardiogram (ECG), make an ultrasound of the heart and give advice on correcting the usual way of life. Be sure to introduce a balanced diet to restore normal metabolism, and also excludes any physical work. As a rule, with a disease of myocardial dystrophy, bed rest is not recommended.
Next, the doctor conducts a study of tests to identify infectious foci that caused myocardial dystrophy. If any are found, their reorganization is carried out.
Drug therapy is also indicated. Very often, doctors prescribe pills that restore metabolism in the myocardium: Mexicor and Trimetazidine. They have antihypoxic and cytoprotective effects. The drugs are prescribed in a course dose of up to two months, 1 tablet 3 times a day.
To normalize the ECG and increase the level of potassium in the body, take Asparkam or Panangin, 1 tablet 3 times a day.
To calm the nervous system, antipsychotics and tranquilizers are sometimes prescribed, for example, Sonopax, Coaxil.
It is important to know that any drugs immediately before their use should be agreed with your doctor. It is necessary to strictly observe the recommended dosage and the rules for taking tablets.
Classification of MKD
Classification of the disease myocardial dystrophy - what is it? These are actually species according to the etiological characteristics of the disease myocardial dystrophy. Classification is represented by the following forms of MKD:
- allergic
- mixed genesis;
- complex genesis;
- hyperfunctional;
- neurovegetative;
- hormonal (endocrine diseases and age-related dishormonosis);
- hereditary diseases;
- dysmetabolic (anemia, dystrophy, vitamin deficiency);
- intoxication (poisoning, infectious diseases, alcohol, smoking, drug addiction).
- alimentary;
- radiation;
- closed chest injuries.
Dyshormonal MCD
Dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy - what is it?
Dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy is a heart disease caused by a dysfunction of the thyroid gland. During hypothyroidism (decreased function), the body's metabolism slows down, pressure decreases, edema and prolonged aching pain appear. With thyrotoxicosis (increased thyroid function), metabolism is accelerated and contributes to rapid weight loss. Also, the patient feels stitching heart pains, thirst, excessive nervousness; disturbed heart rate and sleep.
Symptoms of dishormonal MKD are:
- dizziness;
- lack of air;
- disturbed sleep;
- stitching pains in the heart;
- irritability and stuff.
As a rule, such myocardial dystrophy appears in women from 45 to 50 years old, since at this age the ovarian function malfunctions. Men aged 50-55 are also susceptible to this disease due to impaired testosterone production.
Treatment
With the disease, dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy, treatment is prescribed in the form of specific tips and recommendations for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. One of the important roles here is mobility:
- relaxation;
- therapeutic exercises (6-7 minutes per day);
- swimming and other sports that do not require a heavy load.
Every morning you need to take a contrast shower for 10 minutes. It is necessary to observe a diet, exclude flour, smoked and fatty foods.
If the methods of maintaining a healthy lifestyle do not bring proper results, doctors will switch to drug therapy: Belloid, Valerian, Bellataminal. If you want to reduce the excitability of the nervous system, then prescribe tranquilizers, for example, "Mebicar". This drug does not cause drowsiness, does not affect the reduction in working capacity and does not interfere with the coordination of movements. The daily dose reaches three tablets. If Mebikar is ineffective, it is replaced with another drug.
MCD of mixed origin
Myocardial dystrophy of mixed origin has a negative effect on the heart muscle, deforming it over time. As a result of this, stretching of the ventricular tissue occurs, flabbiness and thinning of the septum appear.
Symptoms
Signs of a manifestation of the disease myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesis are “masked” by the disease myocardial dystrophy itself. Symptoms and treatment in this case are very similar:
- shortness of breath during physical exertion;
- high fatigue;
- tachycardia;
- impotence;
- intermittent pulse work.
With the rapid development of the disease, a person has malfunctions and heart rhythm disturbances, as well as heart failure.
Treatment
Therapy of myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesis requires increased attention from doctors, since the patient’s life will depend on the outcome of its treatment.
Modern scientists in the field of medicine claim that the most effective and correct method of treating the disease today is the use of stem cells. They are introduced into the patient’s body, they join healthy heart cells. Cardiac muscle recovery occurs by expelling diseased cells to healthy ones. This principle of treatment favorably affects the restoration of blood vessels, resorption of cholesterol plaques and other layers that block the normal circulation of oxygen.
MCD complex genesis
Myocardial dystrophy of complex origin is one of the varieties of the common disease myocardial dystrophy. What is it and what are the causes of its occurrence? The disease affects the heart muscle and is non-inflammatory. Factors affecting the formation of MCD of complex origin are not associated with heart disease:
- intoxication of the body (poisoning, alcohol, drugs, cigarettes);
- violation of the functions of the endocrine system;
- metabolic failure.
Symptoms and treatment of MKD of complex origin
Such myocardial dystrophy (its symptoms and treatment, in principle, are very similar to any other heart diseases) is manifested in tachycardia, shortness of breath, heart failure, chest pain, fatigue, chills.
When treating, first of all, they eliminate the reason why the MCD of complex genesis was caused. Doctors prescribe various kinds of medications: Potassium Orotate, Nerobol, Cardiomagnyl, and others. Such drugs restore myocardial metabolism.
However, without observing the correct daily routine and nutrition, the tablets will be ineffective, so you should adhere to a healthy and active lifestyle.
Approaching the treatment of the disease in a comprehensive manner, we can count on a speedy recovery and improvement in the general condition.
Secondary MCD
MCD itself is a secondary heart disease. Therefore, secondary myocardial dystrophy has no predominant differences in its manifestation and treatment. The main symptoms are added only pain in the heart and chest, as well as arrhythmia. This form of the disease most often develops in women during menopause, when the ovaries are disrupted.
Myocardial dystrophy in children
Very often, children and adolescents are prone to MKD. This is often due to several factors:
- mental and emotional stress of children;
- irrational physical stress;
- malnutrition;
- lack of protein in the body;
- improper child care;
- infectious diseases in an advanced stage.
Myocardial dystrophy in children is not very pronounced and is asymptomatic, therefore, with any suspicion of heart problems, you should immediately consult a cardiologist.
If this disease has a place to be, then it is better to cure it in childhood, in order to eliminate the risk of further development of MCD and its detrimental effect on the children's body.
Diagnostics
Detection of myocardial dystrophy in children, as in adults, is carried out by standard measures: ultrasound of the heart, ECG and examination by a cardiologist, after which a final diagnosis is made.
Treatment and prevention
The duration and effectiveness of treatment with MKD in children depends on the pathology of the development of the disease, which provoked myocardial dystrophy. Most often, children are prescribed potassium and magnesium salt preparations. These drugs restore metabolic processes in the myocardium, normalize the ECG, eliminate electrolyte cellular disorders, replenish the body with potassium and magnesium.
It is also possible to use sedatives in combination with psychotherapy and acupuncture.
The most effective prevention of myocardial dystrophy in children is a healthy and active lifestyle. Therefore, it is very important to teach a child to this from an early age, so that in adulthood he can easily adhere to proper nutrition and abandon bad habits.
ICD-10 myocardial dystrophy
ICD-10 is the international classification of diseases of the tenth revision. In this hierarchy, any disease has its own unique code, by which it can be easily identified. For example, the disease myocardial dystrophy: ICD code 10: I42.
Currently, this classification is actively used by doctors around the world. It is able to get rid of inaccuracies in the name of the disease and allows doctors from different countries to exchange professional experience.
As it turned out, the disease myocardial dystrophy threatens with very serious consequences and adversely affects the work of the body as a whole. Of course, any illness is best prevented than exhausting yourself with a long treatment. For this, a number of preventive measures are carried out aimed at maintaining the normal functionality of the body and eliminating the factors of the development of the disease.