Adnexitis is a disease that affects the female genital area. With adnexitis, inflammation of the appendages and fallopian tubes occurs, which occurs due to the penetration of pathological microorganisms. By the nature of the course, acute adnexitis, chronic adnexitis can be distinguished . The danger of adnexitis is that often with mild symptoms, women do not rush to the doctor, but relieve symptoms with pills. In this case, adnexitis becomes chronic, threatening with acute relapses. The most dangerous bilateral chronic adnexitis. Usually, adnexitis occurs in different ways for everyone. It depends on what caused the inflammatory process, what organs the inflammation seized, what are the body's defenses and how they work in this situation.
Symptoms of the disease
Acute adnexitis has symptoms that are familiar to gynecologists, so the disease is not difficult to diagnose. Acute adnexitis has the following symptoms:
- An increase in body temperature. Typically, body temperature rises sharply, and the severity of the process is directly proportional to the increase in temperature. If chronic adnexitis has developed , symptoms of hyperthermia may be absent.
- General weakness. The disease in its beginning is similar to a cold - nausea, feeling of “cottony” legs, chills, headache - typical intoxication.
- Pain. A woman can feel such sensations to varying degrees. Usually the center of pain is located in the lower abdomen, but it can also radiate to the lower back or even the thigh.
- Allocations. Vaginal discharge with adnexitis is specific, not the same as in healthy women. They have a dirty yellow color and cause burning and itching of the genitals. May be different in intensity at different stages of the process.
If adnexitis is chronic, then these symptoms can be lubricated - some manifest themselves more, some less, and others are completely absent. Chronic adnexitis is prone to relapse. The general condition of a woman worsens as in acute adnexitis, but the degree of pain increases with certain factors - after weight lifting, sexual intercourse, hypothermia. Quite often, doctors report such consequences of untreated acute adnexitis as vaginal dysbiosis, malfunction of the genital area, and malfunction of the menstrual cycle. If adnexitis is chronic, then the inflammatory process can cause adhesions of the fallopian tubes and infertility. Infection through the genitals can penetrate the ureter and cause cystitis, pyelonephritis.
Causes of the disease
The causes of adnexitis lie in the defeat of the female genital organs by gonococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli and staphylococci. Typically, strong immunity cope independently with these pathogens, but when weakened immunity, cocci can cause disease. In addition to these factors, hypothermia, stress and overwork, sexual intercourse during menstruation, and some gynecological manipulations “help” cocci.
Cocci enter the body of a woman in several ways - through the vagina, peritoneum, with blood flow and with lymph flow.
Diagnostics
The presence of adnexitis is established by a routine gynecological examination, the result of a vaginal smear on the flora, the result of a blood test, ultrasound and, if necessary, laparoscopic examination of the fallopian tubes.
Adnexitis Treatment
If adnexitis is acute, then the doctor’s actions are aimed primarily at relieving pain and antibiotic therapy. After this, a number of physiotherapeutic fortifying procedures are indicated. In the presence of adhesions, if adnexitis is chronic, the indications for treatment are the same, but laparoscopic intervention is added to separate adhesions and further restore patency of the fallopian tubes.