The modern world is changing every second. It seems to us that everything that happens is unique and belongs to our century. However, at all times, people were alarmed by similar problems.
At the beginning of the 20th century, a group of young creators sought their own way of self-expression, a way to combat the hypocritical public morality and art of that post-war period.
Revolution in art
One of the famous "revolutionaries" from art was Tristan Tzara. It is believed that it was he who called the movement invented with friends by "Dada". Such an intricate word came from the French "dada", which means "wooden rocking horse", and also personifies simple children's fun, a primitive infant attitude to life.
And Tristan gave the familiar word a new meaning. Dadaism in art has become a kind of protest. Against war, against the absurdity of life, against the hypocrisy of society.
Tzara and Dada
Dadaism appeared in Switzerland in 1916, where Tristan Tzara lived at that time. During the First World War, a lot of creative youth gathered in this country who were looking for salvation from military service. Switzerland was neutral and did not directly participate in the war. In the biography of Tristan, they are called a Romanian-French poet, as well as a publicist, publisher and one of the founders of surrealism in literature. Tristan Tzara is a literary pseudonym. The real name of the Dadaist poet is Samuel Rosenstock. He was born into a wealthy Jewish family, lived and studied in Romania, was a student in the mathematical and philosophical faculty of the University of Bucharest, and studied French literature. Due to the war and in search of a creative life, he decided to emigrate to Switzerland. In 1915, a Romanian student became the Swiss poet Tristan Tzara. This pseudonym was inspired by Wagner’s opera Tristan and Isolde, and the word “tzara” in Romanian means “land” or “country”.
Poetry
The works of Tristan Tzar were translated into Russian and published in anthologies of foreign poetry, and also came out as a collection of individual poems. In Romania, Tzara’s poetic idols were Arthur Rambo, Christian Morgenstern, Romanian writer and poet Demetru Demetrescu-Buzau (Urmuz). Later, in Switzerland, he began to correspond with French poets Andre Breton, Philippe Supo and Louis Aragon. They were fascinated by the works of Tzar, which were published in the literary journal of the Dadaists and other publications.
Our hero was engaged in publishing, published the Dada magazine, where he published poems of Dadaists - his own and like-minded people.
Contemporary art
Quotes from community members are relevant today:
"A Dadaist is the freest man on earth."
“Who lives for today lives forever.”
“I am against any system. The most acceptable system is to have no system. ”
“The poet must be severe in his work so that it becomes necessary. Everything else, called literature, is a collection of human stupidity intended for future professors. ”
"Dada does not mean anything, nothing, nothing, it will not leave anything behind, nothing, nothing."
However, Tzara began to publish his first magazine in Romania, in 1912, together with Lyceum comrade Marcel Janko. The magazine was called Simbolul and talked about the achievements of the French Symbolists, the work of which young Samuel was fond of.
What are the achievements of the Dadaists today? One of the artistic expressive means of the Dadaists was a collage. It was used to create both paintings and poems. Tzara cut out words from newspaper articles, mixed them, and folded them in random order. So whole works were born - as if phrases seemed meaningless, in which numbers, scribbles, and just letters were added. Such creativity was called "verliber" - a free verse. Similar provocations in art have become the signature of the Dadaists. For paintings, pictures were cut from different books on zoology, anatomy, ancient engravings, which were pasted onto the base without any system.
Other inventions of the Dadaists are installation, graffiti, photo montage. These forms of self-expression of the artist are very popular these days and are considered modern, fashionable. However, all this is only the development of the finds of revolutionaries from art, who lived a hundred years ago.
The poems written by Tristan Tzara are:
Muffles the current of the Sunday blood day with a century,
For weeks, the burden will break his knees.
Inside the Newfound Pavic
The bells ring in vain and we
And we rejoice chains,
What sounds like a bell ringing in us.
Creativity of Tristan Tzar
In 1920, Tzara came to Paris. And in 1922 he would “bury” the current he had born; in the traditions of Dadaism, he would compose a funeral speech in style. However, the Dadaists will not leave the stage and continue experiments in the framework of such trends as surrealism and expressionism.
Known for the work of artists of that time, the poet’s friends, depicting Tristan Tzar. Pictures with names are given below.
First of all, it is necessary to highlight "Portrait of Tristan Tzar." It was written by artist Robert Delaunay in 1923. There is also "Pajamas for Tristan Tzar. Its author is Sonia Delaunay. One cannot but note the mask-portrait of Tristan. This is a work of the artist Marcel Janko.
Tristan Tzara did not live a very long, but vibrant and eventful life. He was born on April 16, 1896, and died in Paris on Christmas Day 1963.
Tristan is considered the founder of a new direction, a strong emotional poet who had a great influence on the further development of art. Poetry was life itself for Tristan, he did not do it as a kind of activity, he lived it, and even Tzar’s manifestos are poetic. They are also interesting in that they are an excellent example of a peculiar poetic and literary provocation that destroys canons in the name of pure art.