Rosacea on the face is a chronic non-infectious skin dermatosis. This pathological process proceeds in stages, and is much more common in people of 40 years old and mainly in women. In men, it is less common, however, it has more pronounced characteristics.
Often it provokes some external and internal factors. A distinctive feature of this ailment is that it is always localized on the face. It is characterized by persistent redness, the formation of spider veins and pustular rashes. In advanced forms, the disease of rosacea on the face becomes irreversible and becomes an unaesthetic cosmetic defect, delivering its owner a lot of unpleasant and uncomfortable moments.
Why does it appear
There are several hypotheses for the appearance of this disease. For a long time, according to one of the popular versions, it was believed that the main culprit in the development of this dermatosis is the subcutaneous mite Demodex, which constantly parasitizes on human skin. However, this theory was refuted when acaricidal methods for treating rosacea on the face appeared. Nevertheless, it is scientifically proven that the presence of a tick parasite on the skin creates a favorable environment for the development of skin pathology.
Another version of the appearance of a cosmetic defect is a hereditary predisposition. The likely cause of this pathology may be endocrine and immune diseases.
According to many doctors, the appearance of the disease may be associated with the gastronomic addictions of the patient. Regular consumption of alcoholic beverages, the presence of spicy, smoked and pickled dishes on the menu, unbalanced nutrition and snacks “on the run” can also be the main cause of rosacea on the face.
Climatic features of the patient's region of residence affect the condition of the subcutaneous vessels. As a result of hypothermia or excessive exposure to the sun, spider veins appear on the face, which over time can lead to the formation of unaesthetic dermatosis.
According to one hypothesis, the appearance of rosacea is associated with the presence of the Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the digestive system. It is this microorganism that is responsible for the development of gastritis and peptic ulcer of the stomach: in the process of its life, the microbe releases toxins that provoke the expansion of small vessels.
This disease is rare in childhood, however, dermatitis and skin allergies can cause rosacea on a child’s face (as well as adults), accompanied by redness, acne, mild swelling of the skin, itching, a sensation of warmth to the face and subjective discomfort . However, due to the fact that children's skin is not prone to degenerative changes and coarsening, tissues are quickly restored, and the disease goes away.
How does it manifest
Symptoms of rosacea on the face are determined by the stage of development of the disease. Medicine distinguishes three main stages of the development of the disease:
- I stage - erythematous-telangiectatic. In the decollete and on the face after drinking alcohol, hot food, slight hypothermia, red spots appear. They do not pass for a long time, but they do not cause any discomfort.
- Stage II - papulopustular stage. The development of rosacea is observed, spots become more pronounced and persistent.
- Stage III - pustular-nodular stage. Redness becomes chronic, the pores expand, and the vascular networks are clearly visible. The skin begins to peel off, becomes edematous, and seals and enlargements of the sebaceous glands are observed. Blackheads appear in clusters. In advanced cases, the skin in the area of the nose, cheeks and chin becomes tuberous, with pronounced red seals.
Often the disease affects the eyes: the skin of the eyelids becomes red and swollen, and in the eyes there is pain and increased lacrimation.
Rosacea and psycho-emotional background
Skin is a unique organ, since it performs not only a physiological, but also a communication role. This is the boundary between the person himself and the space surrounding him. Most often, emotional instability, resentment, depression, or, for example, low self-esteem, causes many skin diseases.
The psychosomatics of rosacea on the face can also be hidden in their own complexes, stress and self-doubt. Unfortunately, many patients do not associate the appearance of skin defects with some psycho-emotional causes and the appearance of internal disharmony. However, very often the course and development of the disease can be corrected with the help of relaxing techniques and various techniques of emotional relaxation. This approach can significantly reduce stress and leads to emotional stability.
Therefore, you should learn to be aware of any emotional manifestations and pronounce them. You can’t keep any negative in yourself, otherwise it can manifest itself in the form of various diseases, including in the form of aesthetic skin defects. When diagnosing rosacea, it is advisable to consult a psychotherapist. This will eliminate the psychosomatic causes of the disease.
In severe psychoemotional failures, the patient is most often prescribed drug psychotherapy: sedatives and antidepressants.
Diagnosis of rosacea on the face in adults
Before starting treatment of this skin pathology, it is necessary to conduct a differential examination in order to exclude other skin diseases. With incorrect diagnosis and inadequate treatment, the disease becomes chronic and irreversible.
Drug treatment
The treatment of rosacea on the face must be started in the early stages of the development of pathology, since with the appearance of pronounced signs, the desired therapeutic effect can not be obtained. Very often, accurate diagnosis and proper treatment require the participation of a dermatologist, therapist, neurologist, optometrist, endocrinologist and other narrow-profile specialists, since the true cause of the development of the disease can be hidden in some internal, not manifesting diseases.
The treatment regimen is determined by the stage of the disease, the age of the patient and the presence of concomitant diseases. The main importance here is to identify the true causes of rosacea on the face.
Unfortunately, modern medication techniques do not guarantee complete elimination of this disease, however, timely treatment starts improves the appearance of the skin and stops the development of the pathological process.
Drug therapy usually includes both the ingestion of certain drugs and their use as local agents.
Antibiotic therapy
In the treatment of the causes of rosacea on the face, the tetracycline group antibiotics (Oxytetracycline, Minocycline and other drugs) and macrolide agents work well.
A good therapeutic effect is shown by Metronidazole, which affects many microorganisms, including subcutaneous mites. In addition, this drug helps relieve puffiness and restore the mucous membranes of the digestive tract.
As compresses, ointments and creams for rosacea on the face, agents containing antibacterial components, as well as preparations based on azelaic acid, ichthyol and sulfacetamide, are widely used. In the initial forms of the disease lotions, gels or talkers, which are made in pharmacies according to doctor's prescriptions, help well. The right combination of local funds and oral preparations provide an optimal result.
When itching occurs, antihistamines are usually prescribed to reduce the feeling of discomfort and irritation. In the formation of spider veins, dermatologists recommend the Ascorutin vitamin preparation, which helps strengthen the walls of small and large circulatory systems. And for the normal functioning of the nervous system - sedatives and herbs, or antidepressants (in severe cases).
To remove the main signs of the disease, topical preparations may be prescribed. The most popular means today are:
- "Skinoren-gel" or "Skin-cap" made on the basis of azelaic acid. These agents have a good anti-inflammatory and decongestant effect. In this case, ointments dry the affected skin. These local remedies have virtually no contraindications and can be prescribed at any age.
- "Ovante" - a special cream from rosacea. The drug is made from natural ingredients, so it can be used for a long time without harm to health. It refers to medical cosmetics with rosacea on the face and shows good results after regular and prolonged use.
- Steroid hormonal drugs. They are used in short courses, but at the same time they give a good visual effect, however, for a short time.
Cosmetic procedures
Specialists from cosmetology centers and beauty salons know how to get rid of rosacea on their face. The treatment of this disease is often supplemented by some physiotherapeutic methods:
- Cryotherapy - cold treatment. It is used in all forms and stages of rosacea. The procedure is performed using liquid nitrogen. Thanks to this technique, it is possible to reduce the appearance of skin defects and improve the appearance.
- Electrocoagulation - exposure to electric shock. It is considered an effective method in the fight against a skin defect, with which you can remove the manifestations of telangiectasia, papules and pustules. However, if the doctor's recommendations are not followed, small scars may remain on the skin.
- Laser. Under the influence of a heat ray, the destruction of diseased vessels and capillary sprockets occurs. This method makes it possible to eliminate the manifestations of the disease for a long time and does not harm healthy tissues, like the electrocoagulation method.
- Rotational massage course. The affected areas of the skin are massaged with gentle stroking movements twice a day. Such techniques improve the outflow of lymph, remove puffiness.
In severe cases of the course of symptoms, accompanied by the appearance of abscesses and fistulas, surgical interventions are possible.
Using Dimexidum
Good results can be achieved with Dimexidum diluted with pure water. To do this, take three parts of the drug and add one part of water to it. The resulting solution is impregnated with a cotton pad and rubbed on his face until the skin turns red. The procedure is repeated up to five times a day, before bedtime, the product is not washed off.
Sometimes with the addition of "Dimexidum" make a cream from rosacea on the face. To do this, 1 teaspoon of the product is mixed with a small amount of baby cream and 1 Aevit capsule. This composition is used in the morning as a means of washing for 7 days, then take a week break and again repeat the course.
Alternative medicine: methods, methods and reviews
Treatment of rosacea on the face with folk remedies involves the use of various masks, ointments, compresses, lotions, herbal decoctions and infusions, which have anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and soothing properties. Techniques that are quite widely used at home allow you to get a good result.
Caring procedures are recommended to start with compresses and lotions based on herbs and plant extracts. An indispensable condition for the use of such funds is that the best effect is achieved when used in chilled form.
The most popular medications for treating rosacea on the face are:
- Calendula tincture, which can be purchased at the pharmacy in an already prepared form. To make a soothing compress, it is enough to dilute 50 ml of this product in a glass of cold water, soak a terry cloth with this mixture and, after squeezing it out a little, apply on face. In the reviews, people say that this lotion is kept for a long time, sometimes the exposure time can reach 3 hours, but it relieves inflammation and redness quite well.
- Chamomile broth. Dried grass is poured with boiling water at the rate of 1:15 and brewed for an hour. Filter the infusion and make the same compresses as with calendula.
- Tincture of the series. This herb is brewed in boiling water at the rate of 1:30 and also insist for an hour. The compress with a succession is held for no more than 30 minutes.
- Judging by the reviews, cranberry juice is also effective in treating rosacea on the face. With its help, they make similar compresses. However, at first use it is recommended to dilute cranberry juice 1: 3, if there is no allergic reaction, then you can gradually increase its concentration and only then use it in its pure form. The duration of the procedure is no more than 1 hour.
A good cosmetic result can be obtained with the daily use of a kefir mask compress. To do this, moisten a napkin in this fermented milk product and put it on your face for 10 minutes.
As a medical mask for rosacea on the face, oatmeal is often used in folk medicine. To do this, take 2 tbsp. tablespoons of cereals, pour half a glass of boiling water and insist an hour. The cooled slurry is applied to the face and left for 35-40 minutes. When the flakes dry, they are soaked in a damp cloth.
Another universal remedy in the fight against rosacea is the use of sulfuric ointment, which can be purchased at any pharmacy. About 1 teaspoon of this product is mixed with 3-4 tablespoons of aloe juice. However, it must be remembered that before squeezing the juice, aloe must be kept for two weeks in the refrigerator. After preparing the healing composition, a small amount of it must be applied to the affected areas of the face and left for 20-30 minutes, then rinse with warm water.
Diet
It has long been known that one of the causes of rosacea on the face is poor nutrition. However, modern medicine claims that it is thanks to a balanced diet and adherence to special diets that the development of the disease can be prevented.
The menu should include: green apples, beets, cabbage, carrots, potatoes, cucumbers, pumpkin and melon, because they contain a large amount of soluble fiber. This substance helps to remove toxins from the body and has a beneficial effect on the skin. Sprouted wheat grains , wild rice and brewer's yeast are recommended. The diet for rosacea on the face should include whole grain products, cereals, vegetable dishes, low-fat meats, chicken eggs, liver, greens. In addition, it is necessary to drink at least 1.5-2 liters of pure drinking water per day, which is involved in all biological processes in the body.
Drinks containing caffeine should be completely eliminated from the diet. The fact is that this substance promotes the production of the hormone cortisol, which leads to stress and is the main cause of the onset of the disease. Nutrition must be rational and complete, in the daily diet should be present all the substances necessary for the full functioning of the body. Therefore, in order to correctly compose a suitable menu, you must consult a doctor.
With the symptoms of this disease, it is not recommended to use confectionery and any baked goods, sweet juices and carbonated drinks. The resulting lack of glucose in the body can be compensated by the use of sweet dried fruits.
It is not recommended to use fatty dairy products, fatty meats and certain types of fish with rosacea on the face. It is forbidden to drink alcohol and smoke.
Disease prevention
Unfortunately, modern medicine does not yet know the guaranteed method of treating rosacea forever. Therefore, the main task in the fight against this ailment is to reduce the likelihood of developing this defect. In order to prevent the disease, it is recommended:
- adhere to a proper and balanced diet;
- completely stop drinking alcohol and smoking;
- exclude caffeinated products from your diet;
- use quality cosmetics suitable for the type of skin;
- constantly use sunscreens and lotions;
- Avoid hypothermia and sudden temperature changes.
Compliance with the basic elements of facial skin care in combination with adequate therapy will give the expected result in the treatment of rosacea on the face.