A person was ill with the flu or a severe form of tonsillitis, lost weight, weakened, he has a sleep disturbance, the lymph nodes in the neck and behind the ears are enlarged, the body temperature periodically rises to subfebrile. All this is lymphoma, the symptoms of which are described above. But this absolutely does not mean that all patients with such complaints should have a puncture for enlarged lymph nodes. After a banal flu or sore throat, with a well-conducted rehabilitation, the patient's appetite rises, he sleeps peacefully at night, because the lymph nodes begin to disappear. But if the whole clinical picture remains and even intensifies for a month or more, then for peace of mind it is better to go to the oncology center and take all the necessary tests.
So, if you have lymphoma, the symptoms are: a painless enlargement of the lymph nodes in the neck, in the armpits, in other areas, depending on the location of the process. With an increase in lymph nodes in the groin , swelling of the legs may appear. Such lymph nodes can cause flatulence, back pain and abdominal pain. Progressive weight loss, severe night sweats, fever due to the absence of infection, cough, itching, severe fatigue and weakness, sometimes after drinking alcohol - pain in the lymph nodes - these are symptoms of lymphoma.
So what is lymphoma? This term combines about three dozen different in the prognosis, course and clinical manifestations of malignant diseases.
There are two main types of this disease: Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
The exact causes of this disease have not yet been established. It is known that lymphomas are not a contagious disease. So, if someone has lymphoma, the symptoms of which have not yet manifested, he is not particularly dangerous to others. But there are certain risk groups in which the possibility of developing this condition is quite large. These are people with autoimmune diseases. These are those whose relatives were sick or have lymphomas. To whom was the transplant performed? Who works with chemicals. Those infected with human T-lymphotropic virus, AIDS virus, hepatitis virus, Epstein-Barr virus, infected with bacteria (Helicobacter pylori) are also likely to exhibit lymphoma.
The following risk factors contribute to the development of lymphomas: chemical carcinogens, ionizing radiation. The virus can also provoke degeneration of the cell, its abnormal and rapid growth.
Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease is a dangerous, malignant disease of the entire lymph node system. And it is named after Hodgkin, who discovered it in 1832. They suffer from Hodgkin's lymphoma at any age, and men are more likely than women.
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, in addition to forms localized in the ovaries, refers to sluggish lymphomas. According to localization, they are divided into those associated with mucous membranes or maltomas. It is located in the lungs, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, genitals, kidneys, and urinary tract.
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas in our country are called lymphosarcomas.
The person was diagnosed with lymphoma. Symptoms are such that their list also includes the defeat of the chromosome set of cells. In recent years, there has been an increase in non-Hodgkin lymphomas in HIV-infected or AIDS patients. Lymphoma also began to occur more often.
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are divided into a large number of subspecies. They are different in clinical manifestations, histology, treatment methods. Some types of lymphomas do not require any treatment for a long time, they develop slowly and favorably.
In general, a previously untreatable condition can now be cured, if not forever, then to persistent remission. Only timely and complete diagnostics, as well as correctly selected treatment, can help with this.