Myocardial hypoxia is oxygen starvation of the heart muscle - myocardium. It can be caused by strong physical exertion, stress, bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism, and also associated with work in hazardous work. A characteristic feature is a decrease in oxygen delivery to the myocardium. During normal functioning of the body, its content in tissues ranges from 90 to 100%, with violations it can drop to 60%. Myocardial hypoxia is most often caused by the following diseases: angina pectoris, heart attack, atherosclerosis, anemia, coronary heart disease. Lack of oxygen significantly disrupts the respiration of the heart muscle cells and their functioning. This, in turn, leads to the death of tissues, in other words - necrosis. All these serious changes in the heart muscle lead to a heart attack.
Myocardial hypoxia symptoms are quite pronounced. It all starts with a heartbeat - tachycardia. The human body compensates for the lack of oxygen due to the increased work of the heart. Fatigue, weakness, changeable mood, shortness of breath, loss of appetite and working capacity, sweating,
chest pain appear. Myocardial contractility is gradually weakening. As a result, arrhythmia appears, often ending with ventricular fibrillation. Myocardial hypoxia in the initial stage is manifested by sharp pressure drops. It should not be forgotten that both the cardiac and respiratory systems suffer from oxygen starvation.
Today, various methods and means are used for the prevention and treatment of this dangerous disease. An important role in preventing or attenuating the effects of myocardial hypoxia on humans is played by antihypoxants, drugs that restore energy processes in tissues. They help to restore the functionality of damaged cells. For example, direct-acting antihypoxants act on energy metabolism in the myocardium and have antianginal, antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effects. Widespread and well-known drugs of this group are: Actovegin, Amtizol, Inosine, Lithium oxy butyrate, Trimetazidine (Preductal, Phosphocreatine). However, it is important, first of all, to find out the cause of such a serious illness as myocardial hypoxia.
Her treatment can be combined with walks in the fresh air, special diets, visits to the sanatorium. Infusions of wood lice, birch, lingonberry, hawthorn also have remarkable antihypoxic properties.
Unfortunately, it is not always possible to diagnose cells with impaired hypoxia that have lost energy supply at an early stage. At this stage in the development of medicine, the issue of the latest drugs that can act in several directions is acute. The main task is to reduce the risk
of cardiovascular disease. A person should closely monitor his health, more often undergo medical examinations in order to avoid the development of such a serious disease that causes irreparable damage to the body, such as myocardial hypoxia.