"Scopolamine hydrobromide" is a medicine that is widely used in modern medicine. But, of course, patients are interested in additional information, in particular the properties of the drug, indications and contraindications for treatment, etc.
The drug "Scopolamine hydrobromide": the recipe, composition and form of release
To begin with, it is worth sorting out the composition of the medicine. "Scopolamine hydrobromide" (recipe in Latin - Scopolaminum Hydrobromicum) is a transparent colorless crystals. Of course, it can often be seen in the form of a crushed crystalline powder with a characteristic bitter aftertaste. The substance is highly soluble in alcohol and water. By the way, this compound belongs to the group of alkaloids - it is obtained from the same plants as atropine - it is belena, scopolia, belladonna, dope.
In a pharmacy, it can be purchased in powder form. But more often the drug is used in the form of a 0.05% solution - it is sold in glass ampoules with a volume of 1 ml. There are bottles of 5 or 10 ml - this solution contains methyl cellulose. Ampoules (or vials) should be stored in a cool place in which direct sunlight does not fall. Shelf life - 5 years from the date of manufacture.
The mechanism of action of the drug
Scopolamine hydrobromide has a similar mechanism of action to atropine - it is active against cholinergic systems. For example, in a patient after taking the medicine, temporary accommodation paralysis, an increase in heart rate, a decrease in the secretion of glands, as well as dilated pupils and relaxation of smooth muscles are observed.
But he acts on the central nervous system differently, partially inhibiting its activity. Scopolamine inhibits the transmission of nerve impulses that come from the pyramidal pathways to the motor structures in the spinal cord. In addition, the tool blocks cholinergic receptors in the reticular formation. That is why the drug has a sedative (sedative) and hypnotic effect on the human body - motor activity decreases. By the way, one of the features of this substance is that after administration, as a rule, short-term amnesia is observed - a person practically does not remember what happened.
In what cases is the drug used? Indications
This medicine is used in many branches of medicine:
- As a sedative and analgesic, solution injections are used in obstetric practice and surgery to prepare for anesthesia.
- In neurology, an indication for taking the drug is postencephalitic parkinsonism and trembling paralysis.
- Ophthalmologists also use this substance in the form of eye drops - it is effective for iridocyclitis and iritis. Drops are also used if there is a need to expand the patient's pupil (for example, before diagnostic procedures).
- The medicine has found its application in psychiatry, because it acts as a sedative.
- For airborne and seasickness, Scopolamine Hydrobromide helps cope with nausea, vomiting, and nervousness. This chemical is used as part of the Aeron drug.
The use of "Scopolamine hydrobromide" helps to cope with a lot of problems. Nevertheless, only the attending physician can prescribe it after compiling an anamnesis and obtaining all diagnostic data.
The drug "Scopolamine hydrobromide": instructions for use
As already mentioned, the drug is available in the form of a solution - it is administered either under the skin or intramuscularly. The therapeutic dose of the drug (when it comes to subcutaneous injection) ranges from 0.0002 to 0.0005 g of scopolamine. As a rule, patients are prescribed 0.5 or 1 ml of a 0.05% solution - injections are carried out two or three times a day.
If we are talking about eye drops, then patients are prescribed 1-2 drops in each eye. The procedure should be repeated 1-2 times a day, using a 0.25% solution. It should be understood that this is a potent medicine and its unauthorized, inept use can lead to extremely dangerous problems. Only a doctor can prescribe a drug, write a prescription, determine the dosage and duration of treatment.
Are there any restrictions and contraindications?
Is it advisable for all categories of people to prescribe the drug Scopolamine hydrobromide? In fact, the drug has some limitations. It can not be prescribed to patients who have organic diseases of the cardiovascular system.
The list of contraindications also includes diabetes and glaucoma. You can not use the medicine to treat patients suffering from thyroid diseases, in particular hyperthyroidism. Men with prostate hypertrophy can also harm this solution. Application in old age is possible, but it should be done very carefully.
Possible side effects of therapy
According to statistics, in most cases, this drug is not well tolerated. However, some patients develop side effects. For example, disturbances of the accommodation of the lens and persistent dilatation of the pupils are possible, which affects the sensitivity to light and visual acuity.
Some patients complain of tachycardia, a palpable palpitations. Adverse reactions include dizziness, dry mouth and problems with urination. Sometimes, with the wrong dose, the medicine is exciting - the person becomes more nervous, delirium and hallucinations appear. Of course, with the appearance of the above disorders, you should consult your doctor, as the development of complications is possible.