Chloramphenicol (eye drops) is classified as a broad-spectrum antibiotic. This medication is intended for topical ophthalmic use. Chloramphenicol (eye drops) is active against many bacteria, including gram-negative and gram-positive, rickettsia and mycoplasmas. This, in turn, allows its use in the treatment and prevention of eye diseases (blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis and others).
Chloramphenicol (eye drops) is available in five or ten milliliters in plastic or glass bottles.
The active substance in it is chloramphenicol 0.25%. As excipients, the composition includes purified water, boric acid.
Chloramphenicol (eye drops) is effective against bacteria resistant to sulfonamides, penicillins and tetracyclines.
The pharmacological effect of the drug is aimed at combating microbes and is associated with a violation of the formation of necessary substances in microorganisms sensitive to the effects of sulfacetamide.
After instillation, a process of absorption of part of the drug occurs, both in the inner region of the eye, and systemically. The medicine penetrates well into the watery ocular region.
Drops for eyes "Levomycetin" is applied to the conjunctival cavity from four to twelve times a day.
The drug is not recommended for use in cases of detection of hypersensitivity to it, chronic and acute kidney or liver failure, in case of hematopoiesis and porphyria.
With topical use of the drug, overdose cases have not been observed in practice.
Side effects of the drug may increase in combination with its use with drugs that inhibit hematopoiesis, as well as with radiation therapy. When used with cephalosporins, phenobarbital, penicillins, lincomycin, phenytoin and erythromycin, a mutual decrease in effectiveness occurs.
"Levomycetin-dia" (eye drops) can be used during pregnancy if the therapeutic effect is higher than the potential risk to the baby. It should be noted the absence of strictly controlled and adequate studies during the use of the drug in the antenatal period. As a result, it is necessary to take into account when prescribing the ability of chloramphenicol to penetrate the placenta. Local use of the drug can provoke absorption. Ingestion promotes the penetration of drugs into breast milk. As a result, serious side effects may occur in breast-fed infants. In this regard, a nursing woman must refuse either breastfeeding or the use of the drug.
Side effects caused by taking the drug are manifested by systemic digestive disorders. These include nausea, dyspepsia, vomiting, dysbiosis, diarrhea, as well as irritation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and mouth. The drug can have a negative effect on the work of the cardiovascular system. In this case, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, reticulocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hypogemoglobinemia, aplastic anemia can be observed . Violations of the nervous system can occur, expressed in psychomotor disorders, impaired consciousness, depression, optic neuritis, delirium, taste disturbance, headache, auditory or visual hallucinations. The drug may cause allergies. Other side effects include secondary fungal infection, dermatitis, in children up to a year of cardiovascular collapse.
Taking the medication should be accompanied by regular monitoring of the picture of peripheral blood.
Storage of the drug should be carried out only in a dark place (shaded). The ambient temperature should be below 25º.