Pathogenic bacteria spread and multiply very quickly, especially if the patient has a weakened immune system. So, bacterial angina usually occurs in children, as their immune system is not fully developed. Angina of this type is transmitted during contact with a sick person or through common objects of use. We do not apply photos of bacterial tonsillitis in children for ethical reasons.
Causes
Causes of bacterial tonsillitis:
- the presence of systemic diseases;
- hypothermia (local or general);
- overwork, stress;
- misuse of antibiotics;
- deficiency of trace elements and vitamins;
- respiratory failure;
- hormonal disorders;
- caries, stomatitis;
- laryngeal mucosa injuries;
- chemotherapy;
- the use of immunosuppressants, cytostatics, immunosuppressants, systemic glucocorticosteroids;
- chronic pathologies: sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis or sinusitis.
What causes the disease?
Bacterial tonsillitis in a child 2 years of age and older can also be caused by streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, gonococcus, corynebacterium, or even a whole association of microbes. This disease can be caused by mycoplasmas and chlamydia. Infection usually occurs with a drip infection, in addition, the appearance of bacterial tonsillitis is facilitated by drafts, cold, and in rooms with dry and dusty air.
Symptoms
Symptoms of bacterial tonsillitis in children indicate the onset of the inflammatory process in the tonsils:
- a sore throat;
- redness, swelling of the tonsils and laryngeal mucosa;
- temperature above 39 ° C;
- an increase in cervical and submandibular lymph nodes;
- the appearance of a putrid odor from the oral cavity;
- soreness when swallowing;
- dry cough;
- sensation in the throat of a foreign object;
- bacterial plaque that covers the tonsils and tongue;
- general weakness, body aches, and chills;
- headache;
- nausea;
- tightness of the lymph nodes.
If you do not recognize in time
If bacterial tonsillitis does not develop further, then with the help of medical preparations the body quickly recovers, while otherwise the tonsillitis can turn into purulent:
- with the development of follicular tonsillitis, inflammation is more pronounced, foci are visible by "islands" and cover the tonsils;
- with lacunar angina, the inflamed areas are connected, a network structure is formed;
- with the development of the ulcerative-necrotic stage, destructive processes can occur, the death of tissues that were affected occurs.
At high temperature and acute sore throat, intoxication of the body may increase in the patient, dyspeptic disorders and vomiting develop. Also, children may experience cramps and impaired consciousness, burning and pain when swallowing food.
Diagnostics
After identifying any symptoms of angina in a child, you need to see a pediatrician or otolaryngologist. Children’s sore throat is very easy to confuse with other diseases, especially bacterial tonsillitis is often confused with viral sore throat, infectious mononucleosis and diphtheria.
The doctor must first conduct a physical examination to analyze the condition of the lymph nodes, then pharyngoscopy to check the oral cavity and tonsils. In rare cases, laryngoscopy is also done.
Analyzes
In order to accurately identify the diagnosis and not confuse it with another disease, laboratory examinations are carried out, which include several stages:
- general blood test - ESR standards;
- microbiological blood examination - detection of antibodies to streptococci, the presence of antibodies M;
- Analysis of urine;
- throat swab analysis - the presence of bacteria and the detection of their sensitivity to medicines and to exclude diphtheria;
- serological diagnostics - detection of antibodies to mycoplasma, viruses and bacteria;
- CT scan;
- electrocardiography;
- Magnetic resonance imaging;
- ultrasound examination of the kidneys - very often angina leads to complications and inflammation of the organs of the urinary system.
The difference between viral sore throat and bacterial in children
Bacterial tonsillitis and viral have the following differences.
- Incubation period - viral infections have a short incubation period: from one to five days (usually this time is enough for the viruses to multiply).
- Duration - viral infections last much longer than bacterial infections: from 1 to 3 weeks.
- Bacterial tonsillitis is normal within a week.
- Mucous discharge - with viral infection, transparent and liquid discharge forms. Green color is a sign of a bacterial disease.
- Body temperature - with a bacterial infection, body temperature can reach 39 degrees.
- Viral disease is also accompanied by fever, but disappears in 3-4 days.
- Seasonal - viral diseases occur during a period of weakened immunity, during the spread of epidemics.
- Locality - bacterial tonsillitis has local inflammation, which affects the tonsils, throat and palate. Viral infections affect the whole body.
Determine the type of tonsillitis can only be a specialist. He will prescribe drugs that will help to quickly get rid of the disease.
Drug treatment
In order to effectively cure tonsillitis, doctors prescribe antibiotics, which must be taken under their control. But this does not mean that you have to go to the hospital. You can take the drug at home, referring to the doctor’s recommendations. Do not self-medicate.
Treating a sore throat is not so simple. You can skip another disease, which is symptomatic similar to a sore throat. A mistake made during the treatment process can lead to complication. After identifying the symptoms of bacterial tonsillitis in children, the following treatment is usually prescribed.
In the event of a disease, Ampicillin, Erythromycin and Penicillin, as well as other drugs created on the basis of the above substances, will become effective.
For example, a doctor may prescribe the following remedies.
- "Amoxiclav", a tool that effectively fights bacteria. The drug is released in the form of tablets, injections, powder for solution and suspensions. Suitable for children of any age. It can be used in newborns. The price of the drug is from 120 rubles.
- “Augmentin.” The drug has a wide range of actions. This means that it is effective not only for tonsillitis, but also for other diseases with similar symptoms. Effectively fighting microbes. They are produced in the form of tablets, injections, syrup, powder and suspensions. Like the previous drug, it is suitable for children of any age. The price is from 150 rubles.
The above drugs are based on penicillin. If the child does not tolerate this substance, macrolite-based products are suitable.
“Sumamed.” High concentration antibiotic that has a bactericidal effect. Exists in the form of capsules, tablets and powder. Suitable for children of any age. Price - from 350 rubles.
- "Azitroks". Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effectively fights against germs. Exists only in the form of capsules. Allowed only for children over 12 years old. The price of the drug is from 180 rubles.
If the above antibiotics did not have a positive effect, the doctor prescribes cephalosporins. But such cases are quite rare.
Among these tools, the following can be distinguished.
“Cephalexin.” Synthetic based product. It fights bacteria. It is very effective against streptococci and staphylococci (bacteria that cause sore throats). The price of the drug is from 100 rubles.
“Cefuroxime.” Second generation antibiotic. Unlike the previous drug, it is resistant to b-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria. The price may exceed 1,500 rubles.
Children under the age of 1 are most often prescribed injections, since tablets can harm the intestinal microflora. For children under 5 years old, suspensions are suitable. Children over 6 years of age are prescribed pills. Remember: the above drugs can be taken only on the recommendation of a doctor. Do not self-medicate. The type of drug will be selected individually, depending on the child's body.
Alternative treatment
There are many recipes that will tell you how to treat bacterial tonsillitis in children. We offer the most common of them.
Propolis is one of the best remedies against sore throats. Bee glue is used to treat colds and skin. Most often, propolis is given to children as an aqueous suspension and tincture based on alcohol (not more than 10 percent). Thanks to such treatment, immunity is increased, and the disease recedes. The treatment takes place as an inhalation or rinse. For the latter, we prepare tincture, and for inhalation, we simply add propolis to the water. You can also give your baby milk with a few drops of propolis.
Honey is an ideal treatment for throat. Linden honey is well suited for the treatment of colds, acacia contains fewer allergens, so it is suitable for infants. The composition of the product includes minerals, active compounds and trace elements. Honey is allowed for children over two years of age. The initial dose is half a teaspoon. Over time, it will increase to two spoons per day. There is only one contraindication - individual intolerance: honey is a strong allergen and can cause an allergic reaction.
Honey is especially effective for angina, as it destroys germs and heals damaged areas. Honey can be mixed with lemon and nuts and given to the child as a meal. Compresses are also made on the basis of honey. And you can also use honey to rinse, mixing it with chamomile and boiling water.
other methods
With angina, foot baths, rinses and compresses also help. But they do not rid the body of germs, therefore they do not cure the disease, but only eliminate the symptoms.
Rinsing
Rinsing is necessary to reduce sore throat, and it also helps to get rid of plaque. Only suitable for children over three years old who already know how to gargle on their own. Do not swallow fluid. The following solutions are suitable for rinsing.
- A teaspoon of soda in a glass of water. Rinse three times a day.
- Herbal preparations based on oak bark, chamomile, mint and marshmallow root. Herbs are poured with boiling water and insist. Gargle up to 5 times a day.
Beetroot juice. In a glass of freshly squeezed juice, add a spoonful of honey and apple cider vinegar. Rinse up to 5 times a day.
Compresses
Compresses can be done only a few days after the onset of the disease. Do not make vodka compresses.
Well with this disease, cold wrapping of the neck acts. We take a wet flannel napkin and put it on the throat.
The application of cabbage leaf is beneficial. Often, honey is placed inside it.
Beetroot juice compresses also help relieve symptoms.
All of the above folk remedies (except honey) are used to increase immunity and reduce the symptoms of the disease. To completely get rid of the source of the disease, namely microbes, antibiotics will be needed.
The main thing that parents should do is to recognize the disease and immediately take the child to the doctor. He will establish the type of tonsillitis, conduct a full examination and prescribe the necessary treatment for bacterial tonsillitis. Drugs should be taken exactly at the rate.