If the child suddenly stopped running, playing, and even began to limp, but there are no visible injuries on his body, then behind these signs there may be inflammation of the hip joint. In children, this disease is quite rare, but still parents should know the symptoms of the pathology, since it is very important to identify it on time.
General information
Hip inflammation is a fairly common disease that covers the musculoskeletal system. Typically, people at the age group are at risk, but with each passing year, cases of the disease among young patients and even young children are increasingly recorded. Mostly, the defect is found in the fairer sex and can affect several sites at once.
In children, inflammation of the hip joint is caused by active bone growth and arises mainly at the age of 4-5 years, as well as during puberty. Pathology in each patient proceeds individually and has its own severity, causes and signs.
Hip joint inflammation in preschool children appears, as a rule, after transferred viral and inflammatory diseases. In this category of patients, specific coxitis manifests itself, which is usually expressed in tuberculosis form.
If the course of the abnormal process is not detected in time and the appropriate treatment is not performed, then the disease can lead to permanent deformation of damaged bones and even disability.
The hip joint is one of the largest in the human body. It is located between the acetabulum and the femur.
Inflammation of the hip joint in children can be nonspecific and tuberculous. The duration of the pathology is different, taking into account which several forms of the disease are distinguished. Acute coxitis, which can last for several months, is especially difficult. In the chronic form of the disease, a discrepancy in mobility, disability and abnormal bone modification are observed.
From other varieties of arthritis, coxitis differs in some features that are associated with the size of the joint itself, the course of the inflammatory process and the depth of damage to the soft tissues. The origin of the pathology can be bone and synovial. The last type of disease appears against a background of infectious ailments or rheumatoid arthritis.
It is very important to know the treatment methods and symptoms of inflammation of the ligaments of the hip joint, the reasons for its occurrence for the timely detection and treatment of the disease. This is the only way to put the child on his feet again so that he regains ease of movement and freedom.
Features of the course of the disease in children
Doctors distinguish the most common form of coxitis among this age group - tuberculosis. With this kind of inflammation of the hip joint in a child, the focus of the disease is in the kidneys, lungs and other organs. This provokes infection by tuberculosis bacteria of various epimetaphyseal sections of the bones through blood circulation.
Often, pathogenic microorganisms settle in the acetabulum, as well as the head and neck of the thigh. Soon after the onset of inflammation of the hip joint in a child, the ends of the bones and their synovial membrane are damaged . Often there is dislocation with displacement due to destruction of the femoral head and acetabulum. In the place of the injured joint, pus forms, which then breaks into the soft tissues.
Prerequisites for the development of vice
There are various causes of inflammation of the hip joint in children: infections, hypothermia, trauma, insect bites and others. The initial stage of the disease can go away without obvious symptoms.
The causes of inflammation of the hip joint are various pathologies and injuries.
- Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common bone disease. With this defect, symptoms appear such as stiffness of movements when walking and a hematoma in the joint area.
- Gouty arthritis is a pathology that occurs against the background of an excess of uric acid in the body. As symptoms, a severe pain syndrome lasting more than two weeks can be noted. In this case, the child’s leg may swell and the body temperature may rise.
- Rheumatoid arthritis occurs as a result of immune failure. Most often, the knee is damaged. In a small patient, paralysis, pain in an injured place, the appearance of a hematoma can be noted.
- Reactive arthritis is a fairly common disease among young children. It occurs after infections, is accompanied by redness of the tendons and nearby organs.
- Tuberculous arthritis occurs in children who have had the same disease. With this form of pathology, the ligaments of the knee become inflamed, disruptions in the movement of the joint occur. The disease often becomes chronic or lingering.
- Purulent arthritis is a rapidly progressing disease in which the knee turns red and swells. The child may experience an increase in body temperature, general weakness, increased sweating.
- Coxarthrosis - an ailment occurs against the background of flat feet and excessive bone load. Symptoms appear, such as pain on the side, as well as a crunch while walking.
- Psoriatic arthritis arises after psoriasis. With this defect, the child's skin turns blue, pain occurs in the spine.
- Legg-Calve-Perthes syndrome - this disease affects children aged 5-12 years old, most often boys suffer. Pathology damages at first one, and then other muscles of the hip area. The consequences of the disease can be quite serious: deformation of the femur, defects of the ligaments and muscles.
- Changes in the femoral neck are a fairly common occurrence. True, more often than not, older people encounter it. At the same time, there are signs such as a lack of ability to move the leg and severe pain. Often various complications develop due to infection.
- Hip dislocation - a rare injury that can occur in a child after a severe fall or car accident. In the muscles there is a constant pain that increases when walking, which gives in the groin, lower back and side.
- Rupture or sprain. Such damage also occurs after a fall. Pathology is characterized by acute soreness, extending to the lower back, growing at the time of walking. At the same time, the baby is simply not able to walk smoothly.
In addition, the causes of inflammation of the hip joint in a child can be:
- hypothermia;
- deficiency of minerals;
- impaired metabolism;
- motionless lifestyle;
- excessive loads on the skeleton;
- stress
- abnormal bone fusion after fracture;
- malnutrition;
- the effect of toxic toxins.
A huge impact on the development of the disease have conditions such as:
- bone damage;
- the effects of harmful factors;
- gene mutations;
- digestive tract infections;
- congenital dysplasia;
- psoriasis.
Symptoms
The treatment of inflammation of the ligaments of the hip joint is aimed primarily at eliminating the manifestations of the clinical picture of the pathology. Symptoms of the disease can tell parents about the presence of abnormal problems in the child's body. That is why it is so important to know how the signs of inflammation of the hip look. Knowing what manifestations a disease has, it is possible to identify it in time and stop further development.
Symptoms of inflammation of the hip joint in a child can be specific and classic, depending on the nature of the pathology. The traditional signs of the disease include:
- discomfort in the joint area, which turns into severe pain;
- lameness;
- the creation of bone growth;
- smoothing of skin folds in the gluteal and inguinal zone;
- amyotrophy.
The main symptom of the defect is the presence of pain in the injured area. In addition, there are specific manifestations of the disease.
With a purulent type of coxitis, a strong cooling of the skin in the affected area occurs. This type of pathology is also characterized by fever, sweating, excessive fatigue and weakness, as well as swelling and swelling. In this case, body temperature can reach the highest rates.
The rheumatoid form of the defect is characterized by stiffness of movements in the morning, swelling and soreness of the damaged area.
The main feature of the disease is the periodic occurrence of sudden severe pain for no apparent reason. This phenomenon may bother the child for several days, after which unexpected relief occurs.
With the psoriatic variety of the disease, the skin over the damaged joint becomes blue.
It often happens that the pathology is not accompanied by any symptoms at all. But this does not mean that there is no inflammation. Typically, this phenomenon indicates the presence of the first stage of coxitis with a mild degree of severity. In this situation, mobility is not limited, and the pain syndrome, which appears only occasionally, very soon disappears altogether.
As for the second stage of the pathology, it is characterized by severe discomfort, the regular occurrence of lameness after physical exertion. In some cases, these signs indicate the onset of arthrosis of the hip joint in a child.
Features of manifestations in small patients
The causes of coxitis in children can be very diverse, however, it should be said that the disease always proceeds extremely hard amid a weakened immune system. Usually, symptoms of general and local inflammatory process occur. A purulent form of pathology can even provoke the death of the baby.
Recognize inflammation of the tendons of the hip joint and its other parts is possible by the following signs:
- the baby stumbles when walking;
- regularly falls;
- refuses to rely entirely on a damaged leg.
Diagnostics
If the first signs of the disease occur in children, you should immediately contact a specialist who will be able to accurately diagnose and determine the causes of the pathological phenomenon. Parents should remember that pain with inflammation of the hip joint is the main symptom of a defect, which signals the occurrence of an abnormal process in the body of the child.
As a rule, a clinical trial alone is not enough to make an accurate diagnosis. That is why doctors always apply additional examination methods. To determine the presence of articular defect, such studies may be needed:
- CT scan;
- puncture of the joint cavity;
- radiography;
- ultrasound examination.
In case of suspicion of a tuberculous form of inflammation, a Mantoux test is necessary. Reactive and rheumatoid varieties of the disease can be detected using laboratory tests. For this, it is necessary to take blood and urine for analysis. At the advanced stages of the pathology, a biopsy is advisable.
General principles of treatment
Most often, specialists conduct coxitis therapy in children without surgical intervention, using all kinds of recreational techniques. They stop the progression of the defect and help the body recover.
Treatment of inflammation of the hip joint in children is aimed at:
- elimination of the pathological process;
- quenching of pain;
- strengthening the immune system;
- restoration of cartilage tissue;
- getting rid of the factors that caused the disease.
The selection of a suitable therapeutic method for the most part depends on the stage of the course of the disease, the patient's age and the presence of concomitant pathologies.
Treatment of inflammation of the hip joint in children is carried out under stationary conditions, and with a tuberculous type of defect, doctors combine specific chemotherapy and orthopedic procedures. If necessary, surgery is also allowed. You should not forget that the injured joint should be in a state of constant rest, which is extremely difficult to achieve from a sick child.
To reduce the load on the damaged area, a small patient may be given a plaster cast, which must be changed every few months. X-ray examinations should be systematically carried out.
In general, the treatment of inflammation of the hip joint is chosen purely individually for each individual case, depending, first of all, on the reasons that provoked the disease. When an acute pathological process is detected, the following therapeutic methods are used:
- the use of painkillers;
- reduction of the load on the injured area;
- applying a tight dressing;
- special massage;
- intraarticular injections;
- surgical intervention.
What methods of treating the child should be used are decided solely by the doctor in each particular case after the patient undergoes a comprehensive examination.
How to treat hip inflammation in children
Quite often, doctors opt for drug therapy of the disease. After all, modern pharmaceuticals offers many tools to quickly and effectively cope with the problem. Most often, such drugs are used for inflammation of the hip joint in children:
- chondoprotectors;
- antibiotics
- anti-inflammatory drugs;
- vitamin complexes.
The latter type of medicine is used to prevent the destructive processes of the damaged area and accelerate recovery. Most often appointed: "Alphabet", "Theravit", "Biovital".
Anti-inflammatory drugs can get rid of pain, fever, fever and inflammation. The most popular in pediatrics for many years are: "Ketoprofen", "Voltaren", "Diclofenac". But all these drugs cannot be used to treat children for too long, since they have a wide range of side effects and contraindications.
Chondoprotectors are necessary for the regeneration of articular cartilage. If the pathology has a pronounced clinical picture, then glucocorticosteroids can be prescribed as adjunctive therapy. The most common among the chondoprotectors used to treat the hip joint in children are Chondroxide, Arthron, and Don.
If the inflammation was caused by pathogenic microorganisms, then antibacterial drugs are used. The type of antibiotics, the appropriate dose and duration of the therapeutic course, the doctor chooses purely individually for each child, taking into account his age, diagnosis and causes of the disease.
Surgery and rehabilitation
The operation is indicated if conservative therapy did not bring the desired result, and serious joint damage is present. As a rule, arthroscopic techniques are used to eliminate the affected area, followed by restoration of the excised structure.
In the case of a severe form of the disease, it is advisable to perform hip joint prosthetics. In such a situation, it is simply replaced with artificial material.
A few days after the operation, it is necessary to begin a rehabilitation course. A similar treatment regimen is developed individually for each child.
Folk recipes
When the first symptoms of the disease appear, it is urgent to begin treatment of the child. Therapy for inflammation of the hip joint with folk remedies is possible, but only in combination with traditional methods and with the permission of the attending physician.
- The damaged area can be rubbed with a special infusion. To prepare it, you need to mix pine buds and sugar in the same amount. This mixture should be allowed to infuse for a week.
- In addition, tincture from celandine can be rubbed into a sore spot. To do this, the main ingredient must be mixed with olive oil in a ratio of 8 to 1. Leave this mixture for 2 weeks.
- Several lemons must be finely chopped along with the peel and pour three liters of boiling water. After the liquid has cooled, 100 g of honey should be added to the mixture. The resulting medicine should be consumed for a month in a tablespoon every day.
These are the most popular ways to treat hip inflammation. Folk recipes, as a rule, are effective, but only in the fight against unpleasant symptoms. But to get rid of the disease completely and eliminate the cause of the pathology, using such recipes is impossible.
Effects
A neglected disease can cause coalescence of the hip joint or its partial destruction. Any of these processes entails a child’s disability.
In addition, in the advanced stages of the disease in a small patient, lameness, elongation or shortening of the limb, and intense pain can occur.
Rapidly developing coxitis can cause atrophy of the thighs and groin. The progression of infectious inflammation can lead to dangerous consequences, among which are sepsis and toxic shock.