High blood pressure, as the main symptom of hypertension, occurs in more than 40% of the adult population. According to statistics, it is it that is considered the main reason because of which premature death occurs. An increased blood pressure is considered a figure higher than normal, that is, above 140/90 mm RT. Art. at rest, when there is no physical and emotional stress. Short-term high pressure may occur after them, which is the norm.
But the ground for this disease to become chronic is laid at a young age, when many symptoms are simply not noticed. These include the following:
- the presence of periodic headaches, dizziness, palpitations and nausea;
- noise and ringing in the ears;
- ripple in the temple;
- high level of fatigue and the appearance of flickering flies in front of the eyes;
- pressing chest symptoms and nosebleeds are possible.
In the event that measures are not taken in time, this combination of symptoms can provoke the appearance of grade II hypertension and a hypertensive crisis, which will become the basis for a stroke or heart attack. The sooner treatment begins and the diet is changed , the less likely it is that high blood pressure will become a constant "companion" of life.
Food at elevated pressure has a number of fundamental principles:
- at least 100 grams of protein per day should be consumed;
- seafood should be present in the diet, as well as food with a predominance of lipotropic substances (olive oil, cottage cheese, fish, beef and so on);
- Mandatory use of foods rich in fiber, magnesium, potassium;
- in the diet should be dairy products, oatmeal and buckwheat, soy flour and egg white;
- it is necessary to take a vitamin-mineral complex and fats of plant origin;
- frequent meals, 5 times a day, but in small portions;
- dinner should be 4 hours before bedtime.
Caution should be taken:
- vegetable fats and easily digestible carbohydrates (flour products, preserves, honey and sugar);
- rice and semolina;
- a large amount of salt (not more than 5 g per day) and liquid (up to 1.2 liters per day);
- products that contain essential oils (carbonated drinks, garlic, radishes, onions, radishes);
- mushroom boils, fish and meat broths, coffee, chocolate, strong tea, seasonings, savory foods and canned vegetables.
High pressure and hypertension of the first degree, as practice convincingly shows, is very well adjusted by therapeutic nutrition. Patients are advised to create a balanced menu.
Medications with high blood pressure, which are currently being produced in large quantities, are prescribed by the therapist taking into account the fundamental indicators:
- age and degree of the disease;
- the presence of pathologies of the cardiovascular system (disturbances in the rhythm of the heart, heart failure, angina pectoris);
- available additional, chronic diseases (bronchospasm, diabetes, obesity, and so on);
- disturbances in the work of other target organs (eyes, kidneys, left ventricle of the brain, brain).
But drug treatment is required in the presence of II and III stages of hypertension.
At the first, initial stage, preventive measures are needed, the purpose of which is to change the patient's lifestyle. Required:
- weight loss;
- a ban on alcoholic, caffeinated drinks and nicotine;
- the use of a set of therapeutic exercises and walking;
- reduced intake of fats, salt and easily digestible carbohydrates;
- in the event that the pressure does not decrease, but continues to stay above the value of 140 by 90 mm RT. Art., it is necessary to start taking medications.
Chronic hypertension is a disease that is easier to prevent than to cure.