With the development of the industry, vibrational disease is increasingly being recorded. This disease is characterized by diversity (polymorphism), so the clinical symptoms and course of the disease can be different.
Vibration disease is a professional pathology. As a rule, it is observed among workers in the mining, metallurgy, ship-, aircraft, and machine-building industries.
Vibratory Disease: Etiology
Industrial vibration is the main cause of the development of the disease. From the point of view of physics, vibration is a mechanical vibrational movement that is systematically repeated after certain periods. People who work with rotary or impact type hand tools (polishers, moulders, drillers, grinders) are exposed to continuous vibration. Contributing factors in the development of this pathology are noise, sudden cooling, muscle tension in the shoulder girdle. Vibration causes diseases of the heart and blood vessels. In addition, it provokes metabolic disorders.
Vibration disease: clinical symptoms
It should be said that vibration is perceived by all cells and tissues of the body, however, bone and nerve tissues are the most sensitive to mechanical vibrations . The effect of vibration on the receptors (lateral surface of the feet, as well as the skin of the distal parts of the hands) provokes the development of increased excitability of the corresponding parts of the central nervous system. Digestive and cardiac abnormalities are recorded.
With a local vibrational disease of a person, usually patients complain of pain in the limbs, which, as a rule, is disturbing at night. Patients are tormented by headaches, dizziness, increased irritability, and poor sleep. Perhaps the main clinical sign of the pathology is vascular disease (peripheral circulation is disturbed, asymmetry of blood pressure develops). Some complain of pain in the heart, stomach, and intestines. A marker of vibrational disease is hypersensitivity.
A visual examination of the skin of the upper extremities reveals thickenings, multiple cracks, clouding, deformation and thinning of the nails. As a result of dystrophic processes, hyperkeratosis (thickening of the skin), pachydermia (bulges on the interphalangeal joints) occurs. Dystrophic disorders can also be detected in deep tissues: subcutaneous fatty tissue, muscle tendons. Also, deforming arthrosis of the joints of the upper extremities is recorded. Due to the combined effects of vibration and noise, the auditory nerve is often inflamed in workers.
One of the characteristic syndromes of vibrational disease is vestibulopathy. This pathology is accompanied by severe headaches and dizziness. Many patients have an increased excitability of the vestibular analyzer. Vibrational vibrations have a negative effect on the female genital organs. This effect is manifested in the form of hypo- and dysmenorrhea, inflammatory processes in the genitals are exacerbated. With the combined effects of local and general vibration, significant changes in the central nervous system are revealed in patients.
Treatment of vibrational disease is best started in the early stages of this pathology. First of all, it is necessary to exclude the effect of a pathological factor on the body. With severe pain, prescribe antispasmodics with ganglion blocking agents. To improve microcirculation, drugs such as Angiographin, Complamin, Riboxin, Thiamine, Cyanocobalamin, nicotinic and ascorbic acid are prescribed. As anesthetics, Indomethacin and Baralgin are used. Good results are obtained with a combination of physiotherapeutic methods (electrophoresis, diathermy, laser therapy, ultrasound in combination with hydrocortisone).