The normal heart rate in adults is between 60 and 80 beats per minute. Tachycardia - an increase in the frequency of heart contractions of more than 80 per minute. The sinus node in the body plays the role of the main regulator of heart rhythm. With an increase in the activity of the sinus node under the influence of various external and internal factors, sinus tachycardia develops, the reasons for which treatment will be discussed below.
Sinus tachycardia - causes, diagnosis, treatment
Sinus tachycardia is often not associated with pathology of the heart and is determined in different physiological and pathological conditions. It can be caused by emotional stress, physical activity, and fever. A known relationship exists between the frequency of heart contraction and body temperature - with an increase in temperature by 1C, heart rate increases by 6-10 beats per minute. Pathological sinus tachycardia occurs with heart failure of various origins.
The condition opposite to sinus tachycardia is called sinus bradycardia. In this state of heart rate, less than 60 contractions per minute are detected. Bradycardia develops as a result of a decrease in the activity of the sinus node.
These simple heart rhythm disturbances do not have much diagnostic value. The ECG for these rhythm disturbances is practically no different from the norm. Symptomatic treatment is prescribed, treatment tactics depend on the cause, which led to a violation of the automatism of the sinus node.
Paroxysmal tachycardia: causes, diagnosis and treatment
What happens paroxysmal tachycardia, causes, treatment of this condition, we consider below.
Paroxysmal tachycardia is called heartbeat, in which the heart rate reaches 150 - 220 beats per minute in the presence of the correct rhythm. As a rule, they begin and end abruptly. Paroxysmal tachycardia, causes, treatment can be different, as it is divided into atrial and ventricular.
Atrial paroxysmal tachycardia is often found in healthy people with an unbalanced nervous system. Especially often attacks occur after emotional stress, abuse of such drinks as strong tea, coffee, and also alcohol. These factors increase the excitability of the nervous system and contribute to the development of an increase in heart rate.
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is often caused by a reflex effect on the heart in various diseases of the internal organs. An attack can occur as a result of hormonal disorders during pregnancy, menopause.
The ventricular form, as a rule, occurs in severe organic heart diseases (ischemic disease, especially in acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, arterial hypertension).
Patients during an attack complain of the appearance of a sudden strong heartbeat. Sensations of heaviness in the region of the heart and pain of the type of angina may occur. Sometimes there is nausea, vomiting. Paroxysmal tachycardia is often accompanied by general weakness, a sense of fear, sometimes dizziness, and fainting.
During the examination, you can determine the pronounced pallor of the skin, and with a prolonged attack - acrocyanosis, increased pulsation of the vessels of the neck. The pulse is rhythmic, frequent, small filling. Blood pressure is often reduced.
Diagnosis of paroxysmal tachycardia is carried out taking into account ECG data.
An attack of supraventricular tachycardia can be stopped by actions aimed at stimulating the vagus nerve. To do this, you can put pressure on the eyeballs, squeeze the abdominal press, induce vomiting, offer the patient to push, hold his breath. With inefficiency, antiarrhythmic drugs are used. in severe cases, cardiac stimulation and electro-pulse therapy are performed. Ventricular tachycardia is treated with parenteral administration of antiarrhythmic drugs, electro-pulse therapy is prescribed.
We examined in this article, what happens tachycardia, causes, treatment of this clinical syndrome.