Staphylococcus is a pathogenic gram-positive bacterium that has a spherical shape. About thirty percent of the world's population are carriers of this bacillus. Staphylococci provoke a huge range of diseases: from mild skin lesions to serious ailments with complications and an increased percentage of deaths.
Inflammation affects the heart and blood vessels, digestive organs, as well as the nervous system. In science, about three dozen staphylococcus viruses are isolated, each of which has a certain pathogenic activity and degree of aggressiveness. In medicine, three types of staphylococcus are distinguished:
- Epidermal is considered a component of the normal microflora of the skin. Pathogenic pathogens are dangerous for patients with reduced immunological activity, infants and cancer patients.
- Staphylococcus aureus, as a rule, occurs on the epidermis and mucous cavities of the upper respiratory tract.
- Saprophytic virus is located in the urethra, causing cystitis.
What is the cure for staphylococcus in the body?
Features of antimicrobial treatment for staphylococcus
Antibacterial agents are potent pharmacological drugs that, although they eliminate the occurrence of infections in the body, but have a huge number of adverse reactions. Before starting therapy, it is necessary to assess the likely risks and be sure to consult a doctor.
The use of an antimicrobial agent is justified in that situation if the virus is distributed throughout the body and enters the bloodstream. Another reason in favor of such treatment is a violation of immunological reactivity caused by the loss of one or more components of the immune apparatus or closely interacting non-specific factors with it.
To the question of which antimicrobial drug exactly eliminates staphylococcus, an unambiguous answer cannot be given.
Even powerful antibiotics do not guarantee absolute elimination from staphylococcus. In the treatment of purulent-necrotic inflammatory process of the hair bulb, relapse of the disease occurs in half of the patients.
Moreover, repeated treatment must be carried out already with other drugs, since pyogenic bacteria have the phenomenon of resistance of a strain of pathogens to the action of one or more antibacterial drugs. In such situations, infectionists prescribe a set of medications.
Recently, pathogenic species are transformed and are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents. For example, Staphylococcus aureus can break down lactam preparations. With the elimination of this type of pathogen, semi-synthetic penicillins and cephalosporins of the second and third generations have proven themselves well.
The main disadvantage of antibiotics is their non-selectivity. After prolonged treatment of staphylococcus with drugs of this type, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microflora is lost, which leads to the appearance of dysbiosis.
Antimicrobials "kill" beneficial microorganisms that help better absorption of proteins, vitamins and trace elements, improve digestion, and also provide lipid metabolism and eliminate putrefactive bacteria and toxins.
A medical specialist prescribes medications for staphylococcus for the treatment of the following serious diseases:
- Pyelonephritis (a non-specific inflammatory process with a primary lesion of the tubular system of the kidney, most often of bacterial etiology).
- Staphylococcal pneumonia (pneumonia, characterized by a severe course, sometimes up to sepsis, frequent relapse and the formation of abscessed foci in the lung tissue).
- Endocarditis (inflammation of the connective membrane of the heart, which lines its cavities and valves, often of infectious origin).
- Myocarditis (inflammation of the muscle membrane of the heart, often rheumatic, infectious or infectious-allergic in nature).
- Osteomyelitis (inflammation, which is characterized by purulent and necrotic lesions of the bones, as well as periosteum and bone marrow).
- Sepsis (an infectious lesion that develops with the spread of the inflammatory process throughout the body through blood and plasma).
- Otitis (ENT pathology of the auditory organ, which is characterized by an inflammatory lesion of a particular ear section).
- Tonsillitis (prolonged inflammation of the pharyngeal and palatine tonsils).
Clarithromycin
This is a broad-spectrum chemical antimicrobial macrolide. It is resistant to high acidity and has good therapeutic properties. For example, the resistance of the drug to the action of hydrochloric acid is many times higher than that of Erythromycin, which is considered the first antibacterial drug that laid the foundation for the macrolide class.
Clarithromycin is a cure for staph in the throat. The drug knocks down the process of formation of the protein of the microorganism and gets inside, destroying its base. The medicine is used to eliminate pyoderma and diseases of the upper respiratory tract:
- Rhinitis (inflammation syndrome of the nasal mucosa).
- Laryngitis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the larynx).
- Adenoiditis (acute or chronic inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil of the lymphopharyngeal ring).
During therapy and in the last stages of pregnancy, an antimicrobial drug is not recommended. Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus on the skin with antibacterial drugs is carried out only in the situation where the likely benefit to the mother is higher risk to the fetus.
"Azithromycin"
This is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug that relates to azalides. "Azithromycin" is actively used in the treatment of otolaryngological diseases.
It inhibits the formation of protein, stops the growth and spread of pathogens. It is also a cure for staph in the throat. It is allowed to use during pregnancy, but only under the supervision of a doctor. Therapy of staphylococcus with this medicine during lactation is prohibited.
Vancomycin
It is a tricyclic antimicrobial drug from the group of glycopeptides, well suited for the implementation of antibiotic therapy of Staphylococcus aureus. It is introduced into the body in the form of intravenous injections.
Vancomycin is aggressive towards many resistant viruses, and the bactericidal effect is due to the inhibition of the biological synthesis of the cell wall of the pathogen. It is prohibited in the first three months of pregnancy. In the later stages it is used only according to indications.
Amoxicillin
This is a chemical drug that belongs to penicillins. The acid included in its structure is obtained from mold. These organic compounds are characterized by increased activity against staphylococcus. As a rule, "Amoxicillin" is recommended as a preventive measure.
Its use helps to prevent postoperative consequences. The bioavailability index of a drug is greater than that of many generics. An antibacterial agent can pass through the placenta, being excreted in small quantities with mother's milk.
You can not treat Staphylococcus aureus with Amoxicillin medicine in patients who have not reached the age of eighteen, as well as people with liver diseases.
Do not use the medication for persons with infectious mononucleosis, in the presence of renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as for patients with intolerance to beta-lactams. Amoxicillin is not compatible with alcohol.
Lincomycin
The antimicrobial agent, which belongs to the group of lincosamides, its effect depends on the concentration: in small doses it inhibits the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, and in large amounts it provokes their death.
Lincomycin is a white powder that is highly soluble in water. Prescribe a medicine against staphylococcus with purulent inflammatory processes in the tissues:
- Phlegmon.
- Abscess.
- Osteomyelitis.
It is not recommended to use the drug during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.
The solution for intravenous administration is contraindicated in children up to one month after birth. Tablets are not indicated for patients under six years of age.
"Ciprofloxacin"
Antibacterial medication is considered the most powerful representative of the fluoroquinol group. The drug is actively used in clinical practice. The antibiotic is produced in the form of an ointment, prescribed for staphylococcal lesions of the eyes.
"Ciprofloxacin" is recommended for postoperative rehabilitation. It is forbidden to women in position and nursing mothers, as well as patients under eighteen years of age. In children, the drug provokes degenerative diseases of the joints.
"Furazolidone"
Antibacterial agents of the nitrofuran group, which have an antimicrobial effect. It is active against Staphylococcus aureus in the stomach and intestines.
When taken orally, the drug has good absorbability. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are sensitive to it. Prohibitions on use are pregnancy, lactation, and age up to one year. "Furazolidone" is a cure for staphylococcus in the intestines.
"Nifuroxazide"
Broad-spectrum antibiotic. The drug is recommended for infections in the intestines. The drug is considered a derivative of nitrofuran. The component is a bright yellow powder that is practically insoluble in water.
This medicine for Staphylococcus aureus cannot be used in the treatment of infants up to two months and with prematurity. During the bearing of a child, the medication must be used with extreme caution and under the supervision of a medical specialist.
Tetracycline
This bacteriostatic antimicrobial is active against many viruses. "Tetracycline" is a cure for Staphylococcus aureus. It is often used in dentistry and ophthalmology.
The drug is produced in the form of tablets and ointments. Antibiotic therapy with "Tetracycline" implies a complete rejection of dairy products, as they affect its absorption. The medication is contraindicated in patients under eight years of age, women during pregnancy and people with impaired liver function.
Drugs for the treatment of resistant viruses
Levofloxacin and Roxithromycin are the main medicines used in the treatment of staphylococcus strains that are immune to most antibiotics. "Levofloxacin" is a third-generation antimicrobial drug, which is referred to as fluoroquinolones. It is prescribed for staphylococcal pneumonia, as well as sinusitis and pyelonephritis. Therefore, we can say that Levofloxacin "is a cure for staphylococcus in the nose.
Like all fluoroquinolones, the medication is quite toxic. Do not use for human therapy:
- under eighteen years old;
- pregnant and lactating women;
- with hemolytic anemia, as well as epilepsy.
With extreme caution, it is recommended for patients of retirement age, due to an age-related decrease in kidney function.
Treatment with these drugs is only possible with an accurate determination of the source of the disease. The duration of therapy is at least five days. After its completion, it is necessary to conduct a bacterial analysis, which confirms the eradication of pathogenic staphylococcus.
Rules for the use of antimicrobials with staph infections
The hope for a successful treatment result is increased with the proper use of antibiotics:
- Not all medicines against Staphylococcus aureus are sold according to the prescription of a medical specialist, but this does not mean that you can prescribe medication to yourself. Before using such potent medicines, you should be diagnosed.
- Exact observance of dosages. The right amount of medication is determined only by the attending doctor. The patient, even with visible improvements, is not recommended in any case to reduce the dosage so that the content of the drug in the blood does not decrease. Early withdrawal of therapy is dangerous because bacteria begin to produce increased resistance. Neglect of these recommendations is fraught with the appearance of complications.
- The minimum course of antimicrobial therapy is seven days. In severe situations, the duration of treatment can reach several weeks.
- Before use, it is necessary to carefully study the instructions. The use of different antistaphylococcal antibacterial drugs differs in multiplicity, which is indicated in the indications for use. Some antimicrobials are used once a day, while others are used up to five times a day. The frequency of use depends on the rate of excretion of drugs.
- Age restrictions apply. Some antimicrobial agents for Staphylococcus aureus are prohibited in pediatrics.
Alternative treatments
With a mild course of the disease, the use of the following drugs is likely:
- Bacterial lysates that contribute to the active production of antibodies against staphylococcus aureus. They are harmless, do not provoke addiction and do not have adverse reactions. High price is their main drawback.
- Staphylococcal toxoid forms a certain immunity, forcing the body to fight against the toxin. "Anatoxin" is injected for ten to fourteen days.
- "Galavit" is an immunomodulatory drug that has anti-inflammatory effects, has proven itself in the destruction of resistant staphylococcus viruses. The drug has a complex effect, increasing the body's immune functions and eliminating pathogens. It is produced in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular injections (used in people over eighteen years old), in tablets and suppositories for rectal administration. Galavit is approved for use from the age of six. It is not recommended for pregnant women and nursing mothers.
- "Chlorophyllipt" is an antiseptic medication that eliminates the inflammatory process. A weakly concentrated solution is taken orally for infectious diseases of the intestine. To process the skin, solutions with a higher content of the drug are prepared. The medication is prescribed for adult patients and children over twelve years of age.