"Doxycycline" - what are these pills from? Surely many patients who were prescribed this medication were worried about this issue. After all, very often doctors recommend taking certain drugs without explaining why they are needed, how they affect the body, whether they have contraindications and side effects. As a result of this, the condition of some patients may not improve, but rather worsen.
In connection with all of the above, before taking any medicine, we recommend that you definitely check with your doctor for what purpose it was prescribed for you. If you still haven’t received a clear answer, we advise you to carefully study the attached instructions.
So, Doxycycline. What are these pills from and do they have contraindications? We will answer these and other questions regarding this drug in the presented article.
Composition, form, description and packaging of the medicinal product
Before answering the question: "" Doxycycline "- what are these pills from?", You should tell what composition this medication has.
The composition of the drug in question includes such an active element as doxycycline (this substance in the instructions is presented in the form of doxycycline cyclate). In addition to it, the drug also contains the following additional ingredients: magnesium stearate, lactose monohydrate and potato starch.
Doxycycline medication goes on sale in the form of hard capsules made of gelatin, which are cylindrical and yellow in color. Inside, they contain a yellowish powder with white spots.
Very often, the presented form of the drug is called tablets. Although in fact they are not.
The capsule shell of this product consists of propyl parahydroxybenzoate, glycerol, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, gelatin, additives E110 and E104, as well as sodium lauryl sulfate.
In what packaging is Doxycycline sold? Capsules are placed in blister packs that are contained in cardboard boxes.
It can not be said that this medication is also made in the form of a lyophilisate, which is used to prepare an infusion solution.
The principle of action of the antibiotic drug "Doxycycline"
What is the drug "Doxycycline"? The instructions (price, reviews of the medicine are presented below) states that this is a semi-synthetic antibiotic product that belongs to the group of antibiotics - tetracyclines, which have a fairly wide spectrum of action.
The drug in question is capable of exerting a bacteriostatic effect. It inhibits the processes of protein synthesis in harmful microorganisms.
Penetrating into the cells, the active substance of the drug immediately affects the pathogens located in them. Doxycycline cyclate inhibits protein synthesis in microbial cells, and also disrupts the transport of aminoacyl RNA.
Features of the drug
What bacteria are most effective for Doxycycline? The action (destructive) of this drug is aimed at such gram-positive microorganisms as aerobic cocci, aerobic and anaerobic spore-forming, as well as aerobic non-spore-forming bacteria.
Among other things, the use of the drug in question negatively affects the life of such gram-negative microbes as aerobic cocci and aerobic bacteria.
What is the difference between Doxycycline and Tetracycline? According to experts, the latter drug to a lesser extent inhibits the intestinal microflora. In addition, its absorption is more complete, and the therapeutic effect is lasting.
It should also be noted that the antibacterial activity of the medication under consideration is much higher than that of natural tetracyclines. The instruction states that the therapeutic effectiveness of this drug is manifested when taking even small dosage doses.
Kinetic indicators of capsules
Is the doxycycline antibiotic absorbed? The absorption of this medication is very high and quite fast (about 100%). At the same time, eating does not affect the degree of absorption.
The drug is quite easily soluble in lipids. However, it has a low affinity for the binding of calcium ions.
After taking the drug in an amount of 200 mg, the time to reach its highest concentration in the blood is 2.5 hours.
The active substance of the antibiotic binds to plasma proteins by 80-95%. It penetrates fairly well into tissues and organs. Approximately 45 minutes after oral administration, therapeutic concentrations of the drug are found in the liver, spleen, kidneys, prostate gland, lungs, bones, eye tissues, teeth, bile, ascites and pleural fluids, synovial exudate, as well as in gingival groove fluid, frontal and maxillary sinuses.
It should also be noted that Doxycycline penetrates rather poorly into the fluid of the spinal cord.
Also, the drug in question is determined in breast milk and is found in the placenta.
Antibiotic metabolism is carried out in the liver (about 30-55%). Its half-life is 12-16 hours.
With repeated use of the medication, it can accumulate.
The drug is excreted through the intestines and kidneys. In people with impaired functioning of the urinary system, the drug is excreted through gastrointestinal secretion.
The drug "Doxycycline": what are these pills from?
There are a great many indications for taking this drug. Tablets can be taken in the following cases:
- in otolaryngological practice for infections of ENT organs (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis and others);
- with inflammatory and infectious diseases that were caused by sensitive bacteria, as well as infections of the respiratory tract (tracheitis, pharyngitis, bronchopneumonia, chronic or acute bronchitis, lung abscess, lobar pneumonia, pleural empyema);
- in gastroenterology for infections of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary tract (gastroenterocolitis, cholecystitis, diarrhea of travelers, bacterial dysentery, cholangitis);
- with infection of soft tissues and skin (infected burns, phlegmon, furunculosis, abscesses, wounds, panaritium, etc.);
- for infectious diseases of the eyes, frambesia, syphilis, yersiniosis, rickettsiosis, legionellosis, chlamydia of various localization, proctitis, prostatitis, Q fever, typhoid (including tick-borne, rash, and relapsing), spotted fever, amoebic and bacillary leukemia disease tularemia, cholera, malaria;
- in urology for infections of the genitourinary system (endometritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethrocystitis, urethritis, endocervicitis, urogenital mycoplasmosis, acute orchiepididymitis, prostatitis, gonorrhea);
- with exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in patients under 65 years of age as a first-line medicine (without concomitant diseases);
- with bronchopulmonary infection (exacerbation) of staphylococcal origin in people with chlamydial arthritis, cystic fibrosis and granulocytic ehrlichiosis;
- with acute prostatitis and urinary infection in the elderly (caused by Escherichia coli);
- in combination therapy for leptospirosis, ornithosis, trachoma, psittacosis, granulocytic ehrlichiosis;
- in combination therapy for brucellosis, whooping cough, osteomyelitis, subacute septic endocarditis, sepsis, peritonitis;
- for the prevention of purulent postoperative complications, when traveling in areas where strains that are resistant to chloroquine, as well as malaria, are especially common.
Contraindications
The drug "Doxycycline" with ureaplasma helps very well. However, you can not always use it according to indications. According to the instructions, this drug is prohibited for use with:
- lactase deficiency;
- hypersensitivity to doxycycline, as well as other drug substances and tetracyclines;
- lactose intolerance;
- porphyria;
- glucose-galactose malabsorption;
- leukopenia;
- severe liver failure;
- in childhood up to twelve years;
- with body weight less than 45 kg.
The method of using the antibiotic for adults and children
How should I take the drug "Doxycycline" (the price of the pill is listed below)? An antibiotic in capsules should be used after a meal. In this case, the drug must be washed down with a sufficient amount of warm liquid.
The described medication significantly reduces the likelihood of irritation on the mucous membrane of the esophagus.
The dosage recommended by the doctor, which the patient should take, should be divided into 2 doses. It is advisable to use the capsule once every 12 hours.
The drug "Doxycycline": dosage
As a rule, doctors prescribe this drug in the following dosage: on the first day - 200 mg, and then 100-200 mg (depending on the course of the disease).
If the patient has a severe infectious process, then throughout the course of therapy he is recommended to drink 200 mg of the drug per day.
In pathological conditions that were caused by chlamydia, mycoplasma or ureaplasma, the antibiotic is prescribed in a standard dosage. It is advisable to take this drug for 11-15 days.
Can Doxycycline be combined with other tablets? The compatibility of this with medications with other drugs is quite real. As a rule, this depends on the type of disease present and its course. If required, then the antibiotic in question can be combined with Clindamycin and Gentamicin.
Other ways to take an antibiotic
Capsules "Doxycycline" with a tick bite should be taken only on the advice of a doctor. In this case, it is very important to use the medication for preventive purposes no later than 72 hours after a direct bite.
In acute inflammatory diseases in women, the drug is prescribed in an amount of 100 mg twice a day. Men are recommended to take it either at the same dosage and with the same frequency, or at a dose of 300 mg once.
For children after reaching the age of 8, the medicine is prescribed in the amount of 4 mg per 1 kg on the first day, and then 2-4 mg per 1 kg per day (depending on the course of the disease).
To prevent infectious complications that may occur during an abortion, use 100 mg of the drug 60 minutes before the procedure and 200 mg half an hour after.
People with secondary and primary syphilis need to take 300 mg of the drug per day for 10 days.
Reception of "Doxycycline" in patients with gonorrhea should be 100 mg twice a day for 2-4 days. Men with gonorrhea urethritis are recommended a single dose of the drug in an amount of 300 mg. If the pathogen is stable, then you can take 200 mg of the drug for 4 days (for women - for five days).
An antibiotic in the presence of acne and acne must be used at 50 mg per day. In this case, the duration of treatment should be 7-12 weeks.
How to treat borreliosis? "Doxycycline" with this diagnosis is prescribed for a course of 3-5 days in an amount of 200 mg per day.
Adverse reactions
Against the background of taking an antibiotic, the following pathological conditions can be observed in the patient:
- the development of anorexia;
- vomiting, increased intracranial pressure, headaches, swelling of the optic nerve head, decreased appetite, dizziness, toxic effects on the central nervous system;
- tinnitus;
- enterocolitis, nausea, gastritis, diarrhea, esophagitis, constipation, dysphagia, abdominal pain, pseudomembranous colitis, glossitis, ulceration of the digestive tract;
- maculopapular rash, anaphylactic shock, pruritus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, skin hyperemia, drug lupus erythematosus, angioedema, urticaria, anaphylactoid reactions, anaphylaxis, erythematous rash, anaphylactoid reactions, exfoliative dermatitis ;
- diplopia due to increased intracranial pressure, blurred vision, scotoma;
- decreased blood pressure, pericarditis, erythema multiforme, tachycardia;
- increased liver transaminases, impaired liver function, cholestasis, autoimmune hepatitis;
- hemolytic anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, decreased prothrombin index, eosinophilia;
- myalgia, arthralgia;
- photosensitivity, dysbiosis, superinfection, inflammation in the anogenital zone, persistent discoloration of teeth, vaginitis, a syndrome similar to serum sickness, glossitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, proctitis, stomatitis;
- increase in residual urea nitrogen .
Price and similar
How much is the drug "Doxycycline"? The price of a tablet (10 pieces) depends on the margin of pharmacy chains. As a rule, the cost of such a medication does not exceed 20-30 rubles.
If it needs to be replaced, doctors recommend the use of the following antibiotic agents: Doxycycline Ferein, Unidox Solutab, Dovitsil, Doxycycline Hydrochloride, Doxyline, Doxycycline Nycomed, Doxycycline, Doxycycline-AKOS .
It should be noted immediately that the cost of all the funds listed can be much higher than the considered one. Therefore, in the absence of contraindications and side effects, patients prefer to use exactly Doxycycline.
Antibiotic Reviews
There are not very many reviews on the drug "Doxycycline". The messages that are available are left mainly by patients who used this medication to treat chlamydia, as well as infectious diseases of the ENT organs and respiratory organs. Basically, they are positive. This drug is quite effective in the presence of the mentioned conditions.
It should also be noted that often “Doxycycline” is also left positive reviews by those patients who used it for acne and acne.
It is impossible not to say that, in addition to positive feedback, negative messages are also found about the effect of this drug. As a rule, they are associated with the development of a large number of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract.