Healthy skin is the dream of every person. However, often many people notice spots on the skin that differ in color, structure and size. They can appear in any area of the body, regardless of the gender and age of the person, thereby delivering a lot of inconvenience to its owner.
Causes of Stains
The upper layers of the skin are extremely sensitive to the environment. Differing in color or flaky spots on the skin may appear due to some external irritating factors. It can be:
- consequence of improper skin care;
- the use of unsuitable cosmetics;
- skin reaction to aggressive sunlight;
- body reaction to ambient temperature changes;
- weathering;
- skin diseases of various etiologies;
- development of internal pathologies in the body.
Different types of spots on the skin may appear due to fungal infections of the skin or become a manifestation of allergic reactions. Such conditions can be the result of stressful situations and psychological stress. Flaky and itchy skin rashes often become a harbinger of serious disorders in the body.
Therefore, in order to accurately establish the true cause of the formation of such skin defects, when they occur, you need to consult a dermatologist or allergist.
White spots on the skin
Very often, on the skin of some people, formations of a lighter shade appear. This is due to a violation of the production of melatonin in the body. The causes of such phenomena usually become:
- Long stay in the sun. The aggressive effect of ultraviolet radiation adversely affects the skin, over time, the outer shell of the body begins to dry, and in some areas it even begins to peel off. As a result of this, spots appear that differ from the general color of the skin of the body. This is a reversible process, because after a while the tan disappears and the skin color evens out.
- The development of certain skin diseases, including a fairly common disease called vitiligo. The reasons for its appearance are not exactly established. There are no known methods for its complete cure, so the treatment of this pathological process is limited only to the treatment of symptoms. The difference between this disease is that the white formations that appear do not itch, but gradually increase in volume and are practically not cured.
- White spots on the skin can appear as a result of fungal infections. One of the culprits of such manifestations is bubble lichen. In this case, the formation has clear boundaries, and the stain itself peels and itches. Antifungal agents prescribed by a dermatologist will help to cope with such manifestations.
Red spots
Red spots on the skin (a photo of such manifestations are given below) are most common. Usually they signal the presence of an external or internal stimulus. This may be allergic manifestations to the use of any food or the use of inappropriate cosmetic and household products.
Such defects can occur due to exposure to strong winds or temperature changes. Often, red formations, with exfoliating areas, indicate psoriasis or fungal infection with shingles or red lichen planus. A distinctive feature of psoriasis is red spots on the skin that itch and peel. They appear on the surface of the arms, legs, neck, scalp and deliver tangible moral and social discomfort to a person.
Allergic manifestations
With the development of allergies, spots on the skin are the most common form of its manifestation. A vivid picture of skin dermatosis is observed upon contact with an allergen. However, after eliminating the irritating factor, the state of the surface layer of the dermis returns to normal. Residual flaky effects are easily eliminated when taking antihistamines, as well as using special ointments and hypoallergenic cosmetics.
Dark formations
Dark colored spots on the skin can be either completely harmless, or signal the development of malignant tumors. Therefore, when such defects appear, it is urgent to contact a specialist to exclude undesirable processes in the body.
The most common causes of dark spots are:
- Hormonal rearrangement in pregnant women and during menopause. In this case, the neoplasms do not itch and peel. After the restoration of the body, they completely and irrevocably disappear.
- Fungal lesions of the skin. In this case, the appeared spot on the skin itches and peels. Antimycotic drugs and ointments will help to cope with such a manifestation.
- Senile changes in the skin. Due to the extinction of the production of melanocytes, dark formations appear on the body. Usually they do not bother their owner.
Skin spots in children
The appearance of any spots or rashes on the baby's skin is an occasion to consult a doctor, since it is quite difficult to independently diagnose the nature of the appearance of such a pathology.
Only after a full clinical examination and examination, the doctor can diagnose the cause of the appearance of skin defects, and also prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Drug treatment of spots
If any flaky neoplasms appear, especially when red spots on the skin itch, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist. To diagnose the disease, a doctor usually needs a visual examination and history. In cases of fungal infections, laboratory tests may be prescribed.
When flaky spots appear on the skin as a drug treatment, it is recommended:
- taking antihistamines that reduce swelling, itching and other visual manifestations;
- taking sedatives (in cases where a person is in a state of constant stress and nervous strain);
- the use of anti-inflammatory, antifungal or hormonal creams and ointments.
It is also necessary to observe special diets that exclude the use of food products containing an allergen.
Internal diseases
If the reason for the appearance of spots on the skin lies in the pathologies of the internal organs, then first of all it is necessary to treat the underlying disease. Therapy in this case can only be prescribed by the attending physician.
In combination with the prescribed drugs for violations of the digestive tract, hepatoprotectors “Essential” or “Karsil” can be recommended. For detoxification of the body, sorbents and filtrums are usually prescribed. For severe pain, anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended. If skin manifestations are caused by a bacterial infection, then the patient is recommended regimens with the use of antibacterial drugs.
Modern cosmetology
It is possible to completely get rid of dry spots on the skin (photos of the process below), provided that they are caused by external aggressive influences, using the services of a cosmetologist. In some cases, skin defects such as psoriasis or eczema can be eliminated using modern hardware technologies. In addition, similar cosmetic techniques can be recommended as an additional treatment for many types of cosmetic defects.
The most popular and effective today are ozone therapy, mesotherapy, peeling and laser hardware procedures.
The technique of ozone and mesotherapy involves the introduction of ozone, oxygen and special drug cocktails into the skin.
Peeling is a cosmetic procedure in which the upper layer of the epidermis is removed by mechanical and chemical influences.
In some cases, laser techniques are used to remove stains on the skin, which can eliminate the defect that appears in just one session.
All of these procedures are carried out in specialized institutions by a dermatologist or cosmetologist.
Home treatment
Treatment of spots on the skin resulting from external irritating factors can be treated at home. For these purposes, various masks are widely used that can be prepared independently from products that are present in the kitchen of any housewife.
The main ingredients most commonly used are fruits, berries, vegetables, chicken eggs, starch and some cereals. Here are a few recipes that have proven themselves in the treatment of various skin defects:
- Mask of strawberries and white grapes. Mix 2 parts of strawberry puree and 1 part of white grape puree and apply to problem areas of previously cleansed skin. Stand for 20 minutes. This procedure is carried out in 1-2 days until the complete disappearance of flaky spots.
- A mask of protein and lemon helps with the appearance of red spots, since lemon has good whitening properties. To prepare such a mask, you need to mix the protein of one egg with 3 tablespoons of freshly squeezed lemon juice. This tool is applied to the affected areas of the skin, left for 10-10 minutes, and then washed off with warm water. A mask prepared on the basis of lemon juice is recommended to be done no more than once a week.
- Tomato mask. Peel and crush from one large ripe tomato. Add 1 tablespoon of starch to the resulting mass and mix thoroughly. The resulting mixture is applied to previously cleansed affected areas of the skin and leave for 15-20 minutes. Then rinse off with warm running water without soap.
From itchy spots on the skin (photos on this topic are presented in the article), rubbing freshly squeezed juice of cucumber, lemon and parsley helps wonderfully. In addition, there are many recipes for traditional medicine, which are also widely used in the fight against similar skin defects.
The use of herbs
As a proven remedy for flaky spots on the skin, traditional medicine recommends wiping the affected areas with decoctions and infusions of herbs: celandine, St. John's wort, linden blossom, and chamomile. Similar recipes are often recommended by traditional medicine as an additional restorative therapy.
Another proven folk method is the use of a mixture of essential oils. For this, they usually take one tea of the base product (any vegetable and olive oil) and add a few drops of grape seed oil, rosemary, mint, cloves, lavender to it. This mixture is rubbed into the affected areas of the skin daily morning and evening.
Prevention
Maintaining an ideal skin condition is much easier than subsequently trying to get rid of any stains on the skin of the face and body. Therefore, each person must adhere to generally accepted rules:
- Keep your body clean. Take a shower daily and wash at least twice a day using special cosmetics suitable for your skin type.
- Change bed linen and a personal towel at least 1-2 times a week.
- Use quality moisturizing and nourishing creams regularly.
- Regularly use good sunscreen cosmetics that protect the skin from the harmful effects of aggressive ultraviolet rays.
- Exclude foods containing allergic ingredients from your diet.
- During the day, try not to touch or scratch the redness and acne that has appeared, otherwise an infection can be brought on the affected area of the skin.
- In no case should you squeeze out and comb the defects that have appeared.
If any rashes or spots appear on the skin, consult a specialist. This will help not only quickly solve the problem of the appearance of a skin defect, but also prevent the development of unwanted processes in the body.