To understand the question of what kind of disease it is and what treatment of bursitis can be, it is worth figuring out where and how it occurs. Bursitis is called inflammation of the synovial bag. This bag is a bag-shaped cavity filled with fluid, located around the joints and tendons. Its role is the amortization of tissue friction during joint movement. Such an inflammatory disease is characterized by increased formation and accumulation in the cavities of the slit-like fluid, which may contain some elements of the blood, called exudate.
By the nature of the course of this disease, the following types of bursitis are usually distinguished: subacute, acute, chronic, recurrent. Bursitis is also classified depending on the various causes of this inflammatory process. These types of diseases are subdivided: non-specific and specific (provoked by the ingestion of various pathogenic microorganisms: brucellosis, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, syphilitic). There is also a separation of bursitis according to the nature of the accumulating fluid. On this basis, serous, purulent and hemorrhagic are distinguished.
This disease occurs mainly in the elbow, shoulder, ankle and knee joints. The main cause of bursitis is skin friction, tendon and muscle pressure on the protrusions of the bones. Often, this disease is the result of prolonged professional activities in certain sports. The cause of this disease can be: bruises, cracks, abrasions, getting into the bag synovial pathogenic organisms, purulent infections.
The initial stage of acute bursitis is characterized by the impregnation of tissues with serous exudate and its accumulation in the synovial bag. Such a disease is called serous. Treatment of serous bursitis should be carried out in a timely manner, since in the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, the inflammation becomes purulent. This stage is called purulent bursitis. Purulent arthritis can become a complication after it .
Recurrent bursitis occurs due to repeated infections or joint damage that occurred after the disease was transferred in a subacute or acute form.
Bursitis sometimes occurs after a number of other diseases, which include arthritis, gout, scleroderma. The consequence of such diseases is the formation of crystals inside the synovial bag, which can cause swelling and irritation.
The main cause of the chronic form of the disease is prolonged pressure on the site of inflammation.
Symptoms of bursitis are: painful swelling, having a rounded shape on certain joints. The swelling has an elastic consistency and a diameter of up to 10 cm. The clinical picture of the disease is: fever, general malaise, painful swelling, impaired joint function. In the chronic form, there may be no acute pain, and joint function is preserved.
Shoulder bursitis is accompanied by sharp pain during limb rotation, muscles increase and swelling of the shoulder surface occurs, pain is noted when pressure is applied to the tubercle of the humerus.
Big toe bursitis is characterized by a tumor in the toe. Her appearance indicates the malfunction of the foot, possibly associated with flat feet. Violation of muscle balance can lead to this disease. In this case, the joints bend towards the outside of the foot. At the same time, pain in the finger is observed, intensifying when wearing shoes. Treatment of finger bursitis is reduced to steroid injections or surgical intervention. You should also revise your shoes, as tight shoes often lead to such a painful condition.
Treatment of bursitis begins with the diagnosis. For the treatment of infectious diseases, antibiotic therapy is prescribed.
In the early stages, fixing dressings, rest, anti-inflammatory ointments and warming compresses are prescribed . Chronic bursitis is cured by removal of exudate with a puncture. After that, the cavity of the bags is washed with an antibacterial or antiseptic solution. Treatment of traumatic bursitis begins with the introduction of 10 ml of novocaine solution (2%) into the bag’s cavity, after which antibiotics are prescribed with hydrocortisone (5 times 50 mg each). Purulent bursitis cure by puncture.