The blue nevus of Yadassonne - Tiche is an acquired neoplasm of a small size that occurs on the skin. Such growths have a specific blue or dark blue color. Usually, blue nevus occurs only in isolated cases. However, there are situations when there are many neoplasms.
What is this ailment?
Blue nevus is a mole that refers to benign formations on the skin. However, there is a risk of degeneration into melanoma. Nevus usually occurs in people of a certain group. As a rule, this neoplasm is formed precisely during puberty.
Such moles are characterized by slow development and growth. In this case, the neoplasm does not cause discomfort in a person. For this reason, the blue nevus for a long time can grow imperceptibly for the patient. It is worth noting that a similar phenomenon is more common among women.
In the treatment of such neoplasms, specialists resort to expectant tactics. In other words, the removal of the nevus is carried out only with significant increases in size. Also, the reason for eliminating such a mole can be any changes that indicate its degeneration into a malignant neoplasm.
What does a mole look like
What is nevus, we figured it out. Particular attention should be paid to the causes of its occurrence and symptoms. Outwardly, this neoplasm is similar to a nodule that has arisen inside the skin. Moreover, it has clear boundaries and has a spindle-shaped, oval or round shape. As for the size, the diameter of the blue nevus can be no more than 1 centimeter. In some situations, this indicator changes.
How to distinguish nevus from other neoplasms? The mole has a blue-black, dark blue or blue color. Such a specific shade can be explained by a large accumulation of a large amount of melanin in the skin layers. It seems that this is not a nevus, but a foreign body.
The main signs of the disease
Blue nevus is not only different in color. Such a mole has a smooth surface. No hairs grow in this place. In this case, the neoplasm has an elastic and dense texture.
Most often, it occurs on the back of the hands or feet, on the buttocks, legs and forearms. It is extremely rare to see a blue nevus in the oral cavity or on the face. Typically, the development of such a neoplasm is asymptomatic. Mole does not cause itching, pain and discomfort. Only in some cases does the blue nevus interfere - when located in places where there is a risk of mechanical damage.
If the neoplasm began to transform into melanoma, then this can be determined independently. At the same time, the blue nevus increases in size, a clear border disappears, and unpleasant sensations arise.
Varieties of neoplasms
At the moment, there are several forms of nevus: combined, cellular and simple. The latter is characterized by the presence on the skin of one blue mole, the diameter of which is not more than one centimeter. Moreover, the surface of such a nevus is smooth. As for color, its range is from light gray to black and blue. Simple nevi are usually located on the hands, neck and face. However, tumors of a similar plan may occur on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, vagina and on the cervix.
Cellular nevus is large. Its diameter can be from 1.5 to 3 centimeters. The mole has a dark blue color and an uneven surface. Due to such symptoms, nevus is often taken for a neoplasm of a malignant origin. Most often, a blue mole occurs on the surface of the hands, on the feet, on the buttocks and lower back.
As for the combined form, this is a combination of a simple blue nevus with a complex pigmentary go with a borderline intradermal nevus.
How is the diagnosis
Due to the specific color, blue nevus is diagnosed almost immediately. However, more research is required. To make a more accurate diagnosis, dermatoscopy is performed. This is a visual study of the boundaries, structure and depth of the nevus as it increases.
In addition, a siascopic examination is performed. It allows you to study the structure of the blue mole and the distribution of melanin. In some cases, an ultrasound of skin neoplasms can be performed. This is required for complex cases of differential diagnosis. Such a study allows us to determine the depth of germination, as well as infiltrative malignant growth.
In some cases, it is necessary to determine the accumulation of melanocytes in the layers of the skin. For this, a histological examination is performed.
How to treat blue nevus
Removing a blue mole is not always required. The need arises in the pathological course with some changes. If the nevus began to increase in size and its appearance has changed, then it must be removed. The patient should regularly visit a dermatologist and undergo a thorough examination.
Surgical intervention may also be required in cases where there is a risk of mechanical damage to the nevus. Injury to the blue mole can lead to its degeneration into a malignant neoplasm.
As for the methods for removing the blue nevus, there are several: using radio waves or a laser, cryodestruction and electrocoagulation. If certain difficulties arise in the differentiation from melanoma of the blue mole, then the neoplasm is excised surgically. This procedure is also required when changing the blue nevus in size. Excision is carried out together with adipose subcutaneous tissue, as well as with a small area of healthy tissues. In this case, from 5 to 8 millimeters of the epidermis is located, located from the visible boundaries of the neoplasm. If the blue nevus is on the face, then it is removed very carefully. At the same time, they capture from 3 to 5 millimeters of healthy tissues. After excision of the neoplasm, its histological examination is performed .
In conclusion
Now you know what a nevus is. This mole has a specific shade that occurs due to the accumulation of melanin in the skin layers. In the normal course, removal of the neoplasm is not required. If the blue nevus began to increase in size or its surface became rougher, then you need to seek help from a dermatologist. Perhaps the neoplasm has become malignant.