The relevance of knowledge and application of treatment methods for trichomoniasis is due to the widespread occurrence of this genital infection. From medical statistics it is known that it is she who is more common than everyone else. On average, about 200 million new patients appear per year. Compared with other protozoa, vaginal trichomonas is most dangerous to humans.
The nuances of the disease
Diseases are characterized by a different course in different patients: a lot depends on gender. In some cases, there are no symptoms of trichomoniasis. Treatment in men and women is prescribed based on the nuances of the condition and the presence of background diseases, as well as a tendency to an allergic reaction. With an asymptomatic course, the probability of transformation of the disease into a chronic form is high. Trichomoniasis is not a deadly disease, but prolonged infection can cause complications, including loss of fertility.
At the first symptoms, signs of trichomoniasis in women and men, modern remedies make it possible to clarify the condition and make the correct diagnosis, and choose a successful therapeutic course. Several drugs have been developed that are to varying degrees effective for genital infections.
Disease: Nuances and Features
If the diagnosis is confirmed, as a rule, the patient is most interested in how the infection occurred and what causes trichomoniasis in principle. Introducing the nuances of the disease, you can avoid re-infection in the future. Biologists have found that Trichomonas exists in the human urinary tract. Once in the environment, protozoa die due to ultraviolet radiation, increased dryness and a number of other aggressive factors. Transmission of the disease is possible strictly through sexual contact. However, there are several cases where the infection was transmitted through the use of common bedding and hygiene items, but such situations are extremely rare. In addition, the disease can be transmitted to the baby at the time of birth.
The simplest, exciting diseases, feel extremely comfortable in the human body. They are characterized by the ability to adapt to blood cells, transform, absorb other pathogens, thereby receiving protection from medications and active elements of the immune system.
Course of the disease
The latent incubation period of trichomoniasis reaches 10 days. Primary infection leads to urethritis, infection of the seminal vesicles, prostate, if the patient is a man. A symptom of trichomoniasis in women, indicating the need for starting treatment, is vulvovaginitis. The causative agent is localized in the urethra, uterine neck, and vaginal cavity. In rare cases, infection of the uterine cavity occurs.
In representatives of the stronger sex, the disease often does not manifest itself at all. Symptoms are sometimes indicated as the start of treatment for trichomoniasis in men: slight urethral discharge, a sensation of itching in the head of the penis. The symptomatology of the disease is much more significant in women - the discharge is quite voluminous, have a foamy character. They have a specific smell comparable to fish. Quite often, the main symptom that stimulates the start of treatment for trichomoniasis in women is a severe burning sensation at the time of the passage of urine through the urinary canals.
How to get rid: basic postulates
The basic rule of successful disposal of the disease: the treatment regimen for trichomoniasis should be drawn up by a qualified doctor. A woman needs to visit a gynecologist, men can be helped by urologists and venereologists. First, the patient will be sent to laboratory tests in order to confirm the diagnosis. Only after receiving positive results can you start taking pills for trichomoniasis or use other drugs to get rid of the pathogen.
Once the diagnosis is made, treatment is started immediately. You can’t hesitate, it significantly increases the likelihood of complications, and the program itself will stretch for a longer period. The best results will be given by a therapeutic course taken during a period of pronounced symptoms. It is much more problematic to get rid of the chronic form. Her treatment will stretch over a long time period.
The nuances of therapy
When developing a treatment regimen for trichomoniasis, the doctor focuses on the individual characteristics of the client. Analyzes indications and contraindications, nuances of symptoms, local manifestations. Only taking into account all significant factors allows you to choose the best drug from a huge variety of products on the pharmaceutical market. You will have to accept funds at the same time as your regular sexual partner. Unilateral treatment will not bring any result - with any sexual contact, re-infection will immediately occur.
The treatment plan developed by the doctor for trichomoniasis should be followed. Unauthorized corrections are not allowed - this is guaranteed to make the course ineffective. The doctor will explain what drugs to take, what time, at what dose and how often. Deviations, changes, schedule adjustments are unacceptable. In order to make the program as effective as possible, both systemic medicines and the composition for the local effect are prescribed. It is especially important to combine all possible types of funds if the disease has spilled over into a chronic form.
An integrated approach as a guarantee of efficiency
The treatment regimen for trichomoniasis in women and men involves regular follow-up studies after completion of the main course. It is necessary to go through three analyzes, their frequency will be prescribed by the doctor. Women are usually advised to have regular checks for one quarter, and take samples for laboratory examination after each cycle. For the entire period of therapy, a strict ban on sexual intercourse is imposed.
In order for the treatment regimen of trichomoniasis to be effective, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules of personal hygiene during therapy. Have to regularly and often change linen, use strictly individual bedding, towels. If other pathologies, disorders are revealed during the analyzes, all of them will also have to be treated responsibly.
One of the main rules of the treatment regimen for trichomoniasis in men and women: once a defeated disease can easily return if in the future a person has contact with the carrier of the infection. The only way to protect yourself is to completely eliminate accidental sexual intercourse, to avoid unprotected contact, from time to time to take tests to determine the latent disease.
What to treat?
The use of the described pathology of antibacterial drugs does not allow to achieve the desired effect. To cope with the simplest, you should take a course of antiparasitic medicinal formulations. Usually, doctors prescribe drugs from the imidazole group. The classic version is Metronidazole. A similar drug in composition is Trichopolum. The treatment regimen for trichomoniasis "Metronidazole" is as follows:
- A single dose is 250 mg.
- Frequency of use - twice daily.
- The duration of the course is 10 days.
Alternative option: on the first day, 0.5 g of the drug is used twice, on the second day - three times half the dose, the next five days in a row take 0.25 g of the drug twice a day.
If the course is prescribed to a woman, the systemic use of tablets is combined with the local setting of suppositories for trichomoniasis containing metronidazole.
The described program is prohibited if hypersensitivity, intolerance, allergic reaction to any component in the composition of the drug is established. Do not use these drugs while carrying a child and during lactation. If it is impossible to refuse therapy, during lactation, the issue of transferring the child to an alternative diet should be considered. When in the hospital due to inflammatory gynecological diseases, Metrogil is prescribed for intravenous administration. Such a course is practiced if trichomoniasis is suspected. One bottle of Metrogil contains 0.5 g of metronidazole.
More options
According to the instructions for use, Tinidazole tablets are also an effective remedy for infection with protozoa. The drug is indicated both in the acute process and in the detection of a chronic form. A distinctive feature is the fast absorption of the active component. This is precisely what explains the minimum frequency of adverse reactions in the instructions for use of Tinidazole tablets. The tool is used once in an amount of 2 g. An alternative is a seven-day program. For her, the dosage is determined by the attending doctor based on the nuances of the condition.
Another well-proven drug in pharmacies is presented under the name “Ornidazole”. Tablets are used after a meal twice a day: in the morning, in the evening. It is necessary to observe twelve-hour intervals between receptions. The duration of the program is from seven days or longer. A single dose - 0.5 g. During the therapeutic course, a strict ban on alcohol, fatty foods is imposed - their combination with a medication is more likely to cause undesirable effects. Women are recommended to combine Ornidazole with vaginal tablets for trichomoniasis, using them once a day, shortly before bedtime.
Spare Option
Sometimes, at the first signs, symptoms of trichomoniasis in women and men, it is recommended to take Macmirror. This tool belongs to the category of nitrofurans, is widely used as an antiparasitic. A single dosage is 0.2 g. Frequency of use is three times daily. The duration of the course is 10 days. To maximize the effectiveness of the program, systemic tablets are combined with the topical preparation "Macmiror Complex": it is available in the form of capsules, creams for vaginal use. This substance is effective not only against parasites, but also against colonies of pathological fungi.
Often use a drug, which contains two active substances: miconazole, metronidazole. Why use the pill, how to do it right, the doctor will explain at the reception, prescribing the Klion D remedy (it is under this name that the combined composition is produced). Most often it is prescribed if the disease is complex, and parasites and harmful fungi are present at the same time. Klion D is available in the form of vaginal tablets. The drug helps with inflammatory diseases of the urinary and reproductive systems.
How to treat: nuances
Trichomoniasis can be cured at home. Of course, the appointment of the course is possible only by a doctor, and monitoring the effectiveness of the program is in the laboratory, but a permanent stay in the hospital is usually not required. An exception is a complicated course. If the first signs, symptoms of trichomoniasis in men and women indicate inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs, hospitalization is indicated. Such a measure is also necessary if the disease is found in a pregnant woman, the condition suggests high risks of miscarriage or premature birth.
In practice, it is known that with the first symptoms, signs of trichomoniasis in men and women, people rarely turn to the doctor. Many attribute this to shyness and embarrassment. Until the condition worsens, many do not begin to fight the disease. There are many cases when men, whose symptoms were extremely mild, neglected therapy, even knowing the fact of infection. Among women, this is somewhat less common due to more pronounced manifestations of the disease. It should be understood: no matter how weak the negative phenomena are, it is still necessary to cure the infection.
5-nitroimidazole group
The composition of this class includes five substances that produce modern drugs. Writing them down, the doctor will definitely explain how to apply and for what. Metronidazole tablets are the most common option. It was this substance that appeared first from the noted group, it was started to be used earlier than the rest. Today, the prevalence of metronidazole has somewhat subsided, and ornidazole is widely used.
Tinidazole, belonging to the category of 5-nitroimidazoles, is a chemical component that affects protozoa and bacteria. Tenonitrozole is a compound showing a pronounced effect with fungal infection. Finally, there is a medication of wide effectiveness. This is secnidazole used to produce several medicines. It is able to inhibit the development of protozoa and pathogenic bacteria of various species.
All of these compounds, once in the human body, affect the microflora, violating the ability of the protozoa to receive oxygen. Chemicals affect the metabolism in the body of Trichomonas, provoking its death. As it was found out in the course of numerous studies, the reproductive processes of protozoa are suppressed, because DNA replication slows down and the unicellular life form loses its ability to divide.
Safety and efficacy: be treated but not crippled
During the passage of the therapeutic course with trichomoniasis, alcohol will have to be completely excluded. The above medicines are not combined with alcohol. The main problem is a violation of metabolic processes in the liver. As a result, the likelihood of side effects increases, which means possible acute intoxication. Poisoning can manifest itself in an unconscious state, vomiting, nausea. Some have severe pain and dizzy. Perhaps a sharp decrease in pressure, lethargic state, weakness.
You should start a course of drugs against parasites a day after the last ingestion of alcohol-containing products. This also applies in the opposite direction: the first use of alcohol is permissible only a day after the therapeutic program or for a longer time. The exception is medicines based on ornidazole - this substance does not affect the activity of liver enzymes.
Courses and forms: long and short
In some cases, the doctor may recommend using a “shock” dose of the drug. For drugs with metronidazole, tinidazole, secnidazole, it is 2 g. It is advisable to use the product in food in the morning. A long course is often prescribed with the use of metronidazole or ornidazole in an amount of 0.5 g at a time. For the first, they can recommend a seven-day course, for the second - two days less.
In the chronic form of the disease, the use of a single “shock” dose will not give a result: therapy is always prescribed for a long time. The shortest option (three to four days) is possible if tinidazole is used. One of the regimens for the use of this drug is once a day half an hour after a meal in the amount of 2 g. For a day longer, it will be necessary to use preparations with metronidazole in the same dose. They are also taken half an hour after a meal. Another day longer program for the use of tenonitrazole. It is consumed up to three times a day during a meal. A single serving is 200-250 mg. Finally, a therapeutic program with ornidazole is reached for eight days. It is used twice half an hour after a meal. Dosage - 0.5 g.
Special case: children get sick
If it is necessary to treat trichomoniasis in a minor patient, a number of nuances must be taken into account. Children should not be given such large doses of drugs as adults, a lot depends on both the specific age and weight. The appointment of therapy is possible only strictly under the supervision of the attending physician. Self-medication of children can lead to unpredictable consequences. Most often, children are prescribed metronidazole as the most proven and safe composition.
At the age of five, the drug is prescribed in a seven-day course, taken three times every day. On average, the dosage at one time is one third of the minimum release form, i.e. 40 mg of the active compound.
For children from six years to twelve, 125 mg of metronidazole is prescribed twice a week, that is, half a tablet with a minimum content of active substance. Patients older than this age group are supposed to use 250 mg of the drug twice a day.
Special conditions
All chemical compounds from the 5-nitroimidazole class are strictly prohibited for women expecting a baby. It is especially important to observe this condition in the first trimester of pregnancy. This stage is the period of the formation of organs, internal systems of the embryo. Under the influence of nitroimidazoles, a violation of these processes is possible. Deviations provoked by drug therapy are not always predictable. From clinical practice it is known that taking nitroimidazoles in the first third of the gestation period can provoke spontaneous abortion.
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A situation is possible where the treatment of trichomoniasis is necessary for a person whose body does not tolerate, reacts excessively sensitive to nitroimidazoles, or their intake provokes an allergic response. This forces the selection of an alternative treatment option. As a rule, they stop at a nifuratel, a compound made from nitrofuran. Nifuratel-containing preparations are prescribed in tablet form for a weekly course or twice as long. The drug is taken half an hour after a meal three times a day. A single dosage is 400 mg.
If the patient for some reason cannot use the tablets, treatment with an intravenous infusion of the active compounds can be prescribed. Metronidazole is usually used. A one-time procedure involves the drip infusion of 100 ml of a liquid - a half-percent solution of the drug. The duration of treatment is up to five days. Between procedures it is necessary to maintain eight-hour intervals or longer.
With a combination of Trichomonas infection and infections, against which traditional antibiotics are effective, complex treatment is necessary. Prescribe medications containing erythromycin, sometimes use Amoxicillin.