What is the thyroid gland, what are the clinical symptoms, and how is the pathology of this most important organ of the endocrine system treated? We will try to give an exhaustive answer to all these pressing questions. The thyroid gland is the largest gland in our body, responsible for metabolic processes, heat transfer, energy, and it also regulates the functional activity of the cardiovascular system, skin integument.
The proper operation of this body is necessary for the coordination of all processes occurring in the human body. Its weight does not exceed 20 g. Despite its small size, iron is indeed one of the most vital internal organs. In its structure, it resembles an insect - a butterfly. Often in common people iron is called - the thyroid gland. Treatment at the initial stage of the disease is usually hormonal.
Severe symptoms in the early stages of the development of the disease may be absent. Here are some changes and ailments that are observed in the body:
- frequent migraines, memory loss, distraction;
- lethargy, swelling, weakness;
- decreased performance, unreasonable fatigue;
- drowsiness or insomnia;
- heaviness in the limbs;
- hypotension or hypertension;
- pain in the joints and spine;
- arrhythmia;
- lowered body temperature ;
- cold limbs even in the heat;
- swollen eyelids;
- constipation is possible,
- anxiety, irritability;
- peeling of eyebrows and face;
- pain in the eyes (sensation of sand).
Typically, the patient does not suspect that he has a diseased thyroid. Treatment is delayed, which in turn leads to a worsening of the condition. It should be noted that women are most susceptible to pathological processes in this organ.
The main reasons for the development of thyroid diseases
Undoubtedly, hereditary genetic factors that determine the predisposition to a particular disease play a key role in the occurrence of gland pathology. Stressful situations can provoke the disease. As well as:
- iodine deficiency (lack of vitamins and minerals);
- psycho-emotional experiences;
- chronic diseases;
- existing infections;
- radiation situation.
Simply put, certain adverse conditions cause the gland to produce a lower or increased amount of hormones, which subsequently disrupts the functioning of the organ of the endocrine system. As a result, hypo- or hyperthyroidism, hyperplasia, goiter, and nodes on the thyroid gland develop. Treatment is carried out after passing certain tests and a thorough diagnosis.
Modern Therapies
With hypo- and hyperthyroidism, medication chemotherapy is usually prescribed. Surgery is indicated for suspected cancer. Treated with monotherapy (thyroxine, triiodothyronine), thyroid gland in combination with inorganic iodine. Treatment with these drugs helps to fill the deficiency of missing hormones in the body. Unfortunately, hormone replacement therapy is used for life and supports human health.
Often the thyroid gland is treated with radioactive iodine. This treatment is a great alternative to surgery. It is noteworthy that this method of therapy acts very slowly - up to several months. And only after some time the results are evaluated. If necessary, the procedure is repeated.
With diffuse goiter , a radioactive isotope is indicated. It is also used if surgical operations have been previously performed on the gland and neck. Using this method, they treat oncology. In addition to the listed treatment options, there are many other effective methods, for example, supplements. Under the influence of herbal preparations, the thyroid gland normalizes. Treatment will show the best results if it is carried out in combination. But do not forget that all iodine-containing agents are limited in use due to the narrow therapeutic activity.