Everyone at least once in their life felt that unpleasant feeling when the doctor said that injections could not be dispensed with. We have to prepare a place for an injection and, having clenched our teeth, endure until the nurse finishes the procedure. Yes, the procedure is unpleasant, but in most cases vital. It does not always pass as we would like. Sometimes complications can occur, such as a post-injection abscess.
Causes of the disease
What is the cause of the complication and can it be avoided? Since an injection is a penetration through the natural barriers of a person, he, like any other interventions in the soft tissues, can cause a buttock abscess. The most common reason is non-compliance with sterility standards:
- Poorly crafted nurse hands.
- Through syringes, cotton wool or the solution that was injected.
- Poorly treated skin of the patient, which, by the way, must be treated before and after the injection.
Other factors also exist:
- Improper use of the drug. So, if the drug should be used for intravenous or subcutaneous injections, but was mistakenly injected into the buttock, then the medicine does not completely resolve. An infiltrate forms at the injection site.
- Incorrect manipulation technique. Basically, this includes choosing a too small needle or incomplete insertion into the muscle.
- Long-term treatment of the patient, as a result of which too much excess fluid is injected into the muscle.
- Buttock abscess also occurs as a result of the introduction of irritating drugs such as antibiotics or magnesium sulfate.
- An abscess is observed in people prone to obesity and having an impressive layer of subcutaneous fat.
- Pressure sores.
- Increased allergostatus. An abscess may develop as a result of an allergic reaction.
- Purulent skin infections can also cause suppuration.
- An abscess after an injection in the buttock can also occur against a background of reduced immunity, especially in the elderly and depleted in various diseases.
- The presence of autoimmune diseases.
Treatment
In order to determine the method of treatment, it is necessary to establish the severity of the complication, as well as to identify the pathogen that is sown from the contents that are separated from the wound. For a more effective treatment, an antibiotic is selected that best copes with the pathogen. Antibacterials and painkillers are also prescribed. But medical therapy alone to treat buttock abscess will not be enough. The surgeon will advise you to open the abscess and clean the wound from pus. Otherwise, extensive tissue damage is possible, followed by necrosis of the tissues and mucous membranes. Only complex treatment will give the desired result.
Treatment at different stages differs from each other. They are best viewed separately. Stage of formation of infiltrate:
- The first thing to do is to stop treatment with the drug and immediately begin treatment of the inflamed area.
- Physiotherapy and the introduction of proteolytic enzymes to the site of inflammation are very effective.
- Be sure to monitor the dynamics of the development of the abscess. If after 4 hours no improvement is visible, then the patient is drawn up in a hospital for surgical treatment.
External manifestations of an abscess
The depth of the lesion can be different, therefore, it is sometimes impossible to visually determine the presence of inflammation. When pressing on the area of accumulation of pus, the patient feels severe pain. Distinguish between local and general symptoms.
To local include:
- Redness of the buttocks at the injection site.
- Swelling.
- Sensation of pain with pressure, subsequently and without pressure.
- The skin is hot at the site of inflammation.
- If you put your fingers on the inflamed area and gently press one part of them, then the other will rise due to the presence of fluid in the buttock.
- At more advanced stages, fistula formation is observed, the infection spreads to large areas.
General condition of the patient
- Poor appetite.
- Increased sweating.
- Increase in general body temperature.
- Fast fatiguability.
- Weakness in the body.
An abscess after an injection on the buttock, the treatment of which may be delayed, does not occur immediately. And this means that the time course of complications can be significantly reduced. To do this, it is important to recognize the problem at the stage of infiltration. The general condition of the patient largely depends on the degree and size of the affected area. The stronger - the more toxins in the blood.
Features of the course of the disease with complications
An abscess of the buttock, the photo of which does not cause pleasant sensations, can lead to serious problems. Its distinctive feature is the presence of an infiltration capsule. Therefore, the inflammatory process does not spread, but is located in approximately one place. But if the abscess from the injection on the buttock is not treated, then the capsule under the pressure of a large amount of pus erupts, and the contents spread through the tissues. Against this background, a phlegmon or fistulous course may develop. They, in turn, can provoke sepsis and osteomyelitis.
Diagnostics
As a rule, one examination of a patient is enough for a doctor to make a correct diagnosis. To clarify the extent of the damage to the body, OAC, OAM, biochemical analysis of urine and culture on microflora are prescribed. With chronic manifestations, an ultrasound is prescribed, the localization and degree of tissue damage are monitored.
Treatment
Do not engage in self-healing, it can do much harm, and then the treatment of the abscess of the buttocks can drag on for a long time and have disastrous consequences. The best treatment option is surgical, in which the abscess is opened and the contents of the capsule are aspirated by a vacuum aspirator.
When suturing, drains must be left to better flush the affected area. For this procedure, proteolytic enzymes are used. This allows you to not only wash out the pus, but also prevent possible new foci of inflammation.
Prevention
They will show the severity of the abscess after an injection in the buttock of the photo, which are in the public domain. Therefore, you should not start and bring to such a state, because the disease can be prevented, you just need to adhere to simple rules. Also, one of the unpleasant moments that appears after treatment of an abscess of the buttock is a cosmetic defect. After a breakthrough, an ugly scar remains. As a result of deformation of the fat layer, a depression is visible on the skin. So, you should not delay with going to the doctor, and you need to do this as quickly as possible.
Basic Rules:
- It is very important to follow the rules for administering medications. It is always worth considering the speed of administration of the drug, compatibility and the ratio in the syringe.
- Mandatory compliance with the injection technique. The needle must be fully inserted so that it penetrates the muscle.
- After the injection, the nurse should make a light massage of the penetration site so that the medicine dissolves better.
- You should never enter the drug in one place several times in a row. Better alternate one side with the other.
- Do not forget about such important concepts as antiseptics and asepsis. All medical personnel must disinfect their hands with the necessary formulations. The skin of the patient also needs to be treated before and after the injection. For injection, only sterile and disposable supplies are used.
- The correct choice of injection site. If it is impossible for the patient to make a correct injection in the buttock for any reason, then it is better to look for another place suitable for this. This also applies to obese people who find it difficult to find a suitable site.
If surgical treatment is performed, the patient should be under the supervision of a doctor for at least two weeks. The prognosis of recovery most often depends on the presence of complications and the general course of the disease. It is worth taking into account the age of the patient and the state of his immune system. Rehabilitation measures are aimed at the resumption of normal muscle activity. Special attention should be paid to the restoration of the skin. Be sure to devote time to activities that are aimed at the resumption of familiar performance and normal health.