Arrhythmia is a violation of the frequency and rhythm of heart contractions. Because of this, diseases and various disorders in the autonomic, endocrine, electrolyte and other structures of the body can develop. Often, metabolic disorders that are caused by cardiac arrhythmias are often noticed. Treatment should be urgent and as effective as possible. This disease is characterized by the fact that the rhythm of contraction of the heart muscle changes. Normally, the pulse should be between 60 and 90 beats per minute. The heart may slow down or speed up. This is what will be called arrhythmia.
Causes of occurrence
It is very important to understand why cardiac arrhythmia occurs. Nervous shocks or anatomical problems can lead to it. Very often, problems with the vegetative structure of the body are symptoms of the disease.
If we consider the pathologies that lead to cardiac arrhythmias, the treatment of which we will consider further, then the following should be noted:
- Surgery, malformation, myocarditis, and coronary heart disease are often precursors of the disease.
- If we consider the provoking factors that can affect the heart, you need to note depression and stress, a huge amount of physical exertion, metabolic problems, defect, hypertension, complications with the thyroid gland, fungal infections, menopause, “malfunctions” with the brain as well as excessive consumption of alcohol, caffeine, drugs and so on.
There is idiopathic arrhythmia, in which it is impossible to determine the causes of the occurrence.
Disease classification
There are several types of cardiac arrhythmias (there are several types of treatments), depending on the frequency of the heart.
There is sinus arrhythmia, bradycardia and tachycardia.
The first is a situation in which heart contractions have an abnormal rhythm of work. A similar appearance occurs in children and adolescents. May be associated with breathing. For example, when you inhale, your heart begins to beat faster, when you exhale, it slows.
Sinus type tachycardia is a condition in which a person has a pulse of more than 190 beats per minute.
With bradycardia, the pulse drops to less than 55 beats. Sometimes this happens in the normal order in people who play sports during the rest period.
There is also paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of the heart (the treatment of this pathology is complex) and tachycardia. As for the latter, here we are talking about too fast heart function. In this case, the pulse will reach from 140 to 240 beats per minute. This pathology occurs spontaneously and also disappears sharply.
As for atrial cardiac arrhythmias, the symptoms and treatment of this disease are quite complex. Here we are talking about quite dangerous manifestations. A person may experience pallor, sweating, weakness, and fainting. In this case, the pulse reaches up to 240 during an attack. The causes, as a rule, are impulses in the atria, which are superfluous. Because of this, the heart muscle begins to work too fast.
Extrasystole is that a person has prematurely contracted heart muscle. A person can feel its manifestation as a fade, or as an intensified push. It is depending on the above type of arrhythmia that the doctor selects treatment.
Symptomatology
When a person develops cardiac arrhythmias, symptoms and treatment may vary. This is due to the fact that a problem with the rhythm of heart contractions can affect the nervous system, intracardiac, as well as the kidney. The main signs of arrhythmia should be called a feeling of palpitations or the appearance of interruptions in the work of the heart, and fading can also occur. Sometimes dizziness, weakness, fainting, choking, and so on.
Depending on the form of cardiac arrhythmia (the causes and treatment are different), the symptomatology also varies. If a person does not regularly feel a frequent heartbeat, then he has atrial fibrillation. If there is any discomfort, and also fading is felt, then we are talking about sinus arrhythmia. If it is a question of extrasystole, the patient will complain that he feels a jolt in the region of the heart or that he is fading.
If a person feels a heartbeat, then he has sinus tachycardia. If we are talking about paroxysmal tachycardia, then here, as a rule, rather mild symptoms. There is only an excessive increase in heart rate: from 140 to 220 beats per minute.
If a person has fainting and dizziness, then we can talk about sinus bradycardia. Sometimes there are also “silent” arrhythmias (the causes and treatment are complex), in which there are no symptoms. As a rule, such problems are detected by chance on electrocardiography or on examination.
Diagnostics
If there is reason to suspect that a person has arrhythmia, then the doctor prescribes a heart examination. This will allow you to find out not only the type of disease, but also its causes.
The main methods are listening to the heart, as well as electrocardiography. If the pathology is not permanent, then special monitoring is carried out. It is performed in a hospital. For this, the heartbeat process is recorded around the clock. Use special sensors.
Sometimes passive studies are not enough, so the doctor can provoke the occurrence of arrhythmias by artificial methods. To do this, tests are carried out: this is physical activity, a test with an inclined table, as well as an electrophysiological study. Depending on the results of the obtained diagnosis, a method for the treatment of atrial fibrillation or pathology of any other form is detected.
Treatment
If arrhythmia was detected during diagnosis, then it is necessary to determine the symptoms, type and causes before prescribing therapy. To restore normal heart function, sometimes it is necessary to change the therapy. This will get rid of the disease that caused arrhythmia. In other cases, either medication or surgical intervention, which is prescribed after an electrocardiogram, is necessary. Atrial fibrillation can be treated in both ways.
In drug therapy, various blockers are used. If we are talking about surgical intervention, then it is necessary at the stages at which the degradation of the heart occurs. In this case, several procedures are prescribed.
They can carry out catheter ablation, do pacemaking, and also insert implants. In order to cure arrhythmia, you need to contact a cardiologist. It is not recommended to use medications on their own, since it is very difficult at home to identify what type of arrhythmia a person has, especially when it comes to treating flickering cardiac arrhythmias. In the mild stages, you can be cured under the supervision of a doctor, visiting him several times a week. If it is a severe case, then his treatment takes place in a hospital. The doctor selects the therapy based on the diagnosis. For the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, pills are prescribed first.
Traditional treatment
As a rule, in order to get rid of arrhythmias using traditional methods, they use a special pacemaker. It should be established only if the person has sinus arrhythmia or some other types in which the pulse drops to 40 or less beats. If bradycardia has no particular clinical manifestations, then general therapy is suitable. Urgent surgery is not needed here.
Sometimes with atrial cardiac arrhythmias, the symptoms can be paroxysmal, sometimes permanent. It all depends on how the rhythm is broken. Now rare attacks are very easy to stop. In order to get rid of the constant, you need to see a doctor, as this can result in a stroke. In order to suspend an attack, use “Quinidine” or “Novokainamid”. In recent years, a large number of interesting medicines have been developed that allow you to stop attacks and bring a person in order. In this case, help should be received within the first 48 hours, otherwise blood clots and other complications may appear. The simplest means of treating cardiac arrhythmias must be in everyone's first-aid kit for first aid.
Gastric tachycardia is dangerous for life. With it, you need to urgently consult a doctor, since clinical death may occur. In this case, only special preparations will help. It is necessary to put the patient on a hard surface, and if there is vomiting, then turn his head to the side. Next, check whether he is breathing, and if not, then start providing artificial respiration. Before the ambulance arrives, you can use alternative treatment for cardiac arrhythmias.
Prevention
If a person already knows about such a pathology as arrhythmia, then you need to understand that treating it is useless if preventive measures are not followed. You need to constantly do morning exercises, monitor the level of sugar, you should also pay attention to your pressure.
It is necessary to abandon negative habits, monitor your weight, and accordingly keep it in the normal order. You need to lead a calm and uniform lifestyle, without being subjected to any emotions. You also need to add natural products to your food that will make you feel better. If a person has the first signs of arrhythmia, you should immediately consult a doctor. In this case, complications will not arise, the condition will not get worse. Only with the observance of preventive measures, a person will not get sick, and he will not need to know the methods of treating atrial fibrillation, causes and symptoms of its manifestation.
Folk remedies
Often, the decision to treat cardiac arrhythmias with folk remedies is caused in the patient by the lack of results in traditional drug therapy.
It should be noted that when such a diagnosis is made, folk remedies must be used in combination with medicines. Only in this case they will give a positive effect. Herbs will speed up the healing process, but they are not able to completely cure a person.
- You can use valerian, hawthorn and motherwort in one broth. It is necessary to brew the mixture, put in the refrigerator for two days. The tool should be taken one teaspoon 30 minutes before a meal. This will allow you to get rid of the causes of atrial cardiac arrhythmias during treatment.
- It should pour 30 berries of hawthorn and leave for 15 minutes in boiling water. The broth should be taken in equal portions in one day.
- It is necessary to cut half a kilogram of lemon, pour honey, mix this whole composition. It is necessary to take one tablespoon in the morning and evening.
- It is necessary to boil water, add to it the collection of herbs for the heart and adonis, it is necessary to cook the mixture for no more than 5 minutes, and over low heat. The filtered broth should be stored in the refrigerator. You need to take it 3 times a day, one spoonful.
Arrhythmia in children
In children, the onset of symptoms of atrial fibrillation (the treatment is rather complicated) is due to the fact that their structure of impulse transmission changes. The reasons must be sought quite carefully in order to completely cure the child. As a rule, in the presence of arrhythmia in a young person, tachycardia occurs in the ventricles, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation often develops. Supraventricular tachycardia takes place, and then, as a rule, a syndrome is detected, in which electric impulses arrive in the ventricle faster than they should. Sometimes too early atrial contractions may occur. This was an arrhythmia that is associated with the atria.
As for the pathology of the gastric type, here the child may experience irregular heartbeats, tachycardia in the ventricles, in which the signals arrive at different speeds, as well as extra heartbeats or early ones.
If the child has bradycardia, then he has problems with a slow beat rhythm, and there may also be a delay or lack of an electrical impulse entering the ventricle.
It should be noted that the symptoms of cardiac arrhythmias, causes and treatment are completely dependent on the maturity of the child. If we are talking about older children, then they themselves can talk about dizziness, or tremors in the heart. As for the infant and children who are in toddlers, it should be noted that arrhythmia causes irritability, pallor and loss of appetite.
Common symptoms of arrhythmia that are common to all children are chest pain, shortness of breath, fainting, heart rhythm and pulse problems, and weakness and fatigue.
If arrhythmia appeared in childhood, then, as a rule, its causes were infection, taking medications, fever or just a fever. If we talk about serious factors, it should be noted congenital malformations. As a rule, in children, arrhythmia passes without complications. However, if the rhythm changes and at rest, without any physical exertion, then parents should consult a doctor.
Arrhythmia in adolescents
If a teenager has arrhythmia, then, as a rule, we are talking about a sinus rhythm, although other types can also be found. It should be noted that at this age, the child’s body changes greatly, which is why violations occur. Therefore, this phenomenon is very rarely a pathology, as a rule, it disappears with time. However, this does not mean that arrhythmia should be neglected. If we are talking about the initial stage, then the child needs to be periodically examined by a doctor who will monitor the dynamics of arrhythmia. If the symptoms persist within a year or 2 years, then the teenager should be treated. With atrial cardiac arrhythmia, treatment with folk remedies is better not to apply.
Very often in adolescence, bradycardia occurs. This is due to the fact that the brain does not receive oxygen in normal quantities, because of this attentiveness, academic performance worsens, the reaction rate decreases, a person cannot play sports. The reasons at this age are not always problems with the cardiovascular system. This disease can provoke stress, nervous exhaustion, as well as a change in hormonal levels. If a child has been diagnosed with vegetovascular dystonia, then, as a rule, this can be treated calmly by contacting psychologists and prescribing sedatives.
Arrhythmia in women
It should be noted that women most often have heart problems. Especially when it comes to arrhythmia. Moreover, the causes and symptoms are completely dependent on many factors. Women often have tachycardia, problems with the heart node, and so on. The causes are ventricular tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, as well as too early contractions in the atria. It must be remembered that such a problem is a symptom, not a diagnosis. Sometimes arrhythmia can occur as an independent disease, but with a long examination, you can notice that it is present in a number of diseases.
It is necessary to carefully diagnose the disease in order to exclude all serious complications. If we are talking about a pregnant woman, then arrhythmia in this case often occurs due to changes in the hormonal background. A woman rises the level of gonadotropin, as well as estrogen. Because of this, disturbances in the work of the heart occur.
Arrhythmia in men
Even with the fact that women have an unstable hormonal background, men still have similar diseases 2 times more often.
Very often, they have a blockade, sinus syndrome, problems with the work of the atria and so on. The reasons may be associated with overweight, drinking alcohol too often, smoking, improper diet, neglect of physical activity. If a man has a heart condition, then he will probably develop arrhythmia. The fact is that this is pretty serious. This can lead to cardiac arrest or delayed signal from the node to the ventricles. If arrhythmia appears after eating, then it can be said with great probability that the cause is the pressure of the chart on the stomach. In this case, the person will experience pressure on the heart and at the same time constricting the stomach. Also, if a man has high pressure and too much thyroid activity, then most likely he will develop arrhythmia.
Output
In order to protect yourself from problems with arrhythmia, you need to lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right and exercise, and also avoid nervous tension. You should also abandon all bad habits.