Appearance is the first thing we pay attention to when looking at a person. First of all, this applies to open parts of the body: face, arms, legs. Particular attention should be paid to the skin, because their changes can not only affect the appearance, but also indicate a state of health. One question that worries many people is the question of why bruises appear on the body for no reason. Everyone knows that hematomas appear with injuries. However, this is not always the case. For some people, they can occur for no apparent reason, for example at night, when a person is sleeping calmly. Therefore, the question of why bruises appear without a stroke on the body is quite relevant. To answer it, you need to know how hematomas are formed, and what causes this.
The mechanism of bruising
Everyone has experienced bruising on the skin. They represent a section of the skin surface that has changed in color. If you touch the bruise in the first days of its appearance, then you can feel the pain. Spot color tends to change. At first it is red, then it turns blue, then violet. When the spot is yellow, it no longer hurts and gradually passes. In medical terminology, the term “hematoma” is used instead of the word “bruise”.
The mechanism of its formation is associated with bleeding. Usually a bruise forms after a soft tissue injury that causes damage to small vessels. As a result of this, a small amount of blood leaves in the subcutaneous tissue, which, stagnating, turns into a hematoma. But there are times when an altered area forms on the skin, but there was no injury. Then you should think about why bruises appear on the body for no reason. It follows that the hematoma can provoke not only trauma, but also some pathological processes.
The answer to the question of why bruises appear on the body for no reason
The formation of subcutaneous hematomas never just happens. Some factors should contribute to this. Many people, seeing a hematoma on their skin, do not pay attention to it. This approach is incorrect and can lead to unpleasant consequences. If a person has not hit, and hematomas appear on his skin, he should definitely ask a specialist a question about why bruises appear on the body for no reason. The doctor will explain what reasons can lead to their formation. Among the factors affecting the occurrence of hematomas, there are:
- Poor blood coagulation. The appearance of bruises “for no reason” most often indicates a hemorrhagic syndrome.
- Inadequate intake of ascorbic acid.
- Varicose veins.
- Taking blood thinners.
- Vascular pathology.
Why do bruises appear on my body? Diseases
Based on the factors in which hematomas can occur, a number of pathologies leading to their appearance can be distinguished. If bruising occurs, diseases such as hemorrhagic vasculitis, liver failure, varicose veins can be suspected. In addition, vitamin deficiency and prolonged anticoagulant therapy can lead to the formation of hematomas. Hemorrhagic vasculitis is a vascular disease in which antibodies to endothelium are produced. As a result of an autoimmune reaction, the walls of the capillaries are damaged and the blood enters the subcutaneous tissue. With insufficient functional activity of the liver, there is a violation of the production of blood coagulation factors, leading to the appearance of hemorrhagic spots (bruises). Another reason is varicose disease, which most often affects the lower extremities. Due to this pathology, the walls of the vessels stretch and become thinner, becoming weak.
Other causes of bruising
In addition to vascular and liver diseases, hematomas can form due to hypo- or vitamin deficiencies. Most often, their appearance is associated with a lack of ascorbic acid, which strengthens the endothelium. If the body is deficient in vitamin C, then the production of collagen, the main building material for blood vessels, decreases. For this reason, the walls of the capillaries become susceptible to microtrauma. This mechanism explains why bruises (on the hands) appear on the body. For no reason, hematomas cannot form, therefore, with a sufficient amount of ascorbic acid, it is worth thinking about other factors that provoke their occurrence. One of them is cardiovascular pathologies, including myocardial infarction or stroke. In order to prevent blood clots, such patients constantly use blood thinners, which also cause bruising.
What to do if hematomas occur “for no reason”?
People who often have hematomas on the skin should definitely consult a specialist. An experienced doctor will explain why bruises “for no reason” appear on the body. Problems related to the circulatory system are handled by a hematologist. To find out how to get rid of bruises on the body, arms or legs, the specialist will prescribe the necessary examination. Diagnosis of blood diseases is based on a coagulogram. From this analysis, you can determine the operation of the coagulation system. If the coagulogram is normal, then it is necessary to find out if the patient has liver or vascular diseases. In their absence, the content of ascorbic acid is determined.
Treatment of bruises "for no reason"
Treatment of hematomas depends on which factor contributes to their occurrence. First of all, therapy should be aimed at eliminating the underlying disease. If bruises form due to hypovitaminosis, ascorbic acid is prescribed. With vasculitis, treatment with hormonal drugs is necessary. If the reason is the use of anticoagulants, then their dose is reduced or left unchanged (depending on the degree of risk of thrombosis).