What is cromoglicic acid? You will learn about this from the materials of the presented article. We will also tell you about which medicines contain the substance and what it is.
Forms of release, description
Cromoglycic acid is available as an aerosol for inhalation, a nasal aerosol, eye drops, and a nasal spray. Also, this tool can be purchased in the form of a clear solution and capsules with powder intended for inhalation.
The principle of action of the drug
Cromoglycic acid, the price of which is indicated below, stabilizes mast cell membranes, as well as their granules. This is due to the blockade of entry into calcium cells.
It should also be noted that this agent inhibits the release of allergy mediators such as leukotrienes, histamine, PG2 and others from various cells that are located in the mucous membrane of the bronchi and in the lumen of the bronchial tree. In addition, this substance inhibits the migration of monocytes and neutrophils.
The properties
Cromoglycic acid exhibits the following properties:
- It is very effective for the prevention of immediate allergies in young people who have not yet had irreversible chronic changes in their lungs. It should be noted that the substance does not eliminate the already developed bronchospasm.
- It exhibits a membrane stabilizing effect. In the lungs, the process of inhibiting the mediator response helps prevent the development of the early and late stages of the asthmatic reaction (including in response to immune and other stimuli).
- The stable effect of the use of the medication is achieved after 2-4 weeks. The effect of the drug after a single injection is observed for 5 hours.
- A noticeable result of treatment for allergic diseases of the visual organs occurs after a few days or weeks.
- Long-term use of the drug reduces the frequency of asthma attacks, as well as greatly facilitates their course, reduces the need for taking corticosteroids and bronchodilators.
Kinetics
Cromoglycic acid is absorbed from the respiratory tract in an amount of 10%, and after inhalation of the drug powder and solution - 5-15% and 8%, respectively.
Absorption from the mucous membrane of the respiratory system decreases with an increase in the amount of secretion. The maximum concentration of this substance is reached after ¼ hours.
This drug is not metabolized. Its half-life is 45-90 minutes. It is excreted through the intestines and kidneys in approximately equal proportions, as well as through the lungs.
With intranasal administration, about 7% of the drug enters the bloodstream. It binds to plasma proteins by 65%. In this case, the drug is not metabolized and excreted in the bile and kidneys unchanged for an hour and a half. Part of the active substance is swallowed and excreted without absorption through the digestive tract.
Indications
Anti-allergic eye drops are prescribed for allergic conjunctivitis, allergic keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, overstrain, eye fatigue, irritation of the visual mucous membrane caused by allergic reactions.
It should also be noted that this tool is used to prevent bronchial asthma, bronchospasm and chronic bronchitis with bronchial obstructive syndrome.
The drug in the form of an intranasal agent is recommended for use in hay fever and allergic rhinitis.
Contraindications
The drug in question is not prescribed for:
- hypersensitivity;
- pregnancy (first trimester for inhalation);
- in childhood (up to two years - in the form of capsules with powder and a solution for inhalation, up to 5 years - in the form of an aerosol for inhalation and intranasal use);
- breastfeeding (for intranasal administration).
Cromoglicic acid: instruction
Inhalation of the contents of the capsules for inhalation should be carried out using a spinnaler 4 times a day with an interval of 3-6 hours (20 mg each).
A metered dose inhalation aerosol is prescribed in a dose of 1 (1 mg) four times a day.
The inhalation solution is used with an inhaler (20 mg) four times a day. Shake well before use and hold upright.
Drops in the nose are prescribed for adults in each nasal passage 3-4 drops after 4-6 hours, and for children from 6 years old - every 6 hours for 1-2 drops. After the appearance of the therapeutic effect, the interval between doses of the drug can be gradually increased.
Nasal spray is used in 1 dose in each nasal passage 4-6 times a day. The course of treatment is 4 weeks. Drug withdrawal should be carried out gradually over a period of one week.
Eye drops (for example, "Sodium Cromoglycate") are used 1-2 drops in each visual organ four times a day with an interval of 4-6 hours. If necessary, the number of instillations is increased to 6-8 drops.
Side effects
The agent in question can cause:
- dizziness, nausea, nosebleeds;
- irritation and dryness in the throat, headache, dry mouth, urinary retention;
- irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory system, nasal congestion, cough, burning in the eyes, impaired renal function, increased secretion of nasal secretions;
- skin rash, conjunctival edema, dry eyes, unpleasant taste sensations, foreign body sensation, barley, lacrimation;
- anaphylaxis (including difficulty swallowing, itchy skin, severe stridor, urticaria, swelling of the lips, face and eyelids, decreased blood pressure, difficulty breathing).
Synonyms and price of a drug
Under what brand name is cromoglicic acid sold? These are Ditek, Sodium Cromoglycate, Ifiral, Intal, Cromohexal, Cromogen Easy Breathing, Nalkrom, Cromogen, Cromoglin, Kromosol, Cromolin, Kropoz ”,“ Lecrolin ”,“ Kuzikrom ”,“ Stadaglytsin ”,“ High-Chrome ”.
The price of this tool may be different, depending on the manufacturer, the form of the drug and the pharmacy network. However, on average, the cost of cromoglicic acid is 100-250 rubles.