With hypertension, the patient has a steady increase in blood pressure. In the process of the development of the disease, the functioning of internal organs is disrupted, namely the work of the organs of vision, the kidneys, heart and brain cease to function fully. Hypertensive disease with predominant heart damage is a form of hypertension, which is characterized by damage to the heart muscle.
The main causes of the disease
Due to the development of hypertensive heart disease, the cardiovascular system ceases to function fully, due to narrowing of blood vessels and increased pressure. As medical practice shows, this form of the disease occurs in 19% of cases of sustained increase in pressure. Specialists were not able to find out the main reason that provokes the appearance of hypertensive disease with predominant damage to the heart, but factors that affect this process have been identified. Namely:
- excess weight;
- systematic experiences;
- Unhealthy Lifestyle;
- unbalanced nutrition;
- disturbances in the work of the heart.
According to experts, the patient’s psycho-emotional state plays a very important role, since it often provokes the development of pathological processes in arteries and vessels. Quite often, due to atherosclerotic changes in the vessels, hypertensive disease develops. When one of the symptoms of the disease appears, it is important to immediately seek the help of a qualified specialist, since self-medication can provoke the development of serious complications. Hypertensive disease with predominant heart damage is dangerous because it can progress and move into more complex forms. To avoid a fatal outcome, it is important to prevent the occurrence of complications.
Symptoms of the disease
There are several symptoms from which you can determine the presence of arterial hypertensive disease. These include:
- hyperemia of the face;
- active sweating;
- systematic increase in blood pressure;
- the patient's feeling of anxiety;
- the appearance of breathing problems;
- pulse change;
- migraine.
In frequent cases, symptoms at the initial stage of the development of the disease are absent. The patient feels discomfort only in the second stage of hypertensive disease with a predominant damage to the heart - in the case of a strong increase in blood pressure.
Stages of the development of pathology
Hypertensive disease is dangerous in that it can progress. Given the changes in blood pressure, doctors divided the process of disease development into several degrees. The nature of the disruption of the cardiovascular system is taken into account.
- In the first degree of hypertensive (hypertensive) disease with a predominant damage to the heart, the systolic (upper) value of blood pressure moderately rises - within 135-159 mm. Hg. Art., the border of the diastolic (lower) value is from 89 to 99 mm. Hg. Art.
- The second stage of the development of the disease, when the pressure can rise to 179 mm. Hg. Art.
- The third is over 181 mm. Hg. Art.
There are several stages of hypertensive (hypertensive) disease with predominant heart damage. Namely:
- At the first stage, a slight violation occurs.
- In the second, pronounced hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart can be detected.
- The third stage is characterized by the occurrence of coronary heart disease and heart failure.
In hypertensive disease with predominant heart damage (111.9 code according to ICD 10), there are no stagnation phenomena. At the initial stage of the development of the disease, pressure can be normalized with the help of antihypertensive drugs. At the second stage of the disease, the pressure can fluctuate, so health complications often arise. In some cases, antihypertensive treatment is ineffective. For this reason, therapy is carried out with the use of drugs that normalize the functioning of the heart. At the last stage of the development of the disease, the functioning of the heart is disrupted. In patients, overall health worsens and pain appears in the affected organ.
Impaired functioning of the heart
Hypertensive heart disease eventually leads to congestion. In the process of development of heart failure due to loss of elasticity of the walls of the heart, blood circulation is disturbed, that is, the pumping function of the muscles is weakened. Due to the decrease in blood flow in arteries and vessels, blood pressure in the heart itself may increase, which becomes the reason for its defective functioning. Under such conditions, the body is not adequately supplied with oxygen, just like the heart.
Due to a lack of oxygen, the heart begins to work actively in order to prevent the development of oxygen starvation of the brain. This phenomenon further depletes the heart muscles. As a result, hypertension develops, and the risk of a heart attack increases significantly.
Diagnostic measures
If one of the symptoms of hypertensive disease occurs with a primary lesion of the heart or kidneys, it is important to consult a doctor immediately. Home treatment can harm and aggravate the situation. Only after a thorough examination of the patient, the doctor will prescribe effective drugs that will help cure the disease and eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of the disease.
With the help of a physical examination, a CG and an ultrasound of the kidneys, a diagnosis is made. The doctor selects the treatment depending on the overall clinical picture. Cardiologist takes into account the severity of the pathological process in the heart.
Due to heart failure, the kidneys function poorly and can retain fluid in the body. Under such conditions, the patient may appear edema and increase blood pressure. After some time, this leads to congestive heart failure. In the event that a timely and comprehensive treatment is not carried out to normalize blood pressure, serious complications can occur, since the heart quickly depletes. Under such conditions, there is a high risk of heart attack and sudden death.
First of all, the state of health is rapidly deteriorating, pressure rises rapidly and the heart completely stops. At the 2nd and 3rd stage of the disease, crises arise. During a crisis, pressure can rise rapidly for the reason that the heart is not able to provide the necessary blood flow and cope with increased vascular tone. Pulmonary edema develops, which can also lead to death.
Hypertensive disease with kidney or heart damage has the same symptoms as hypertension. For this reason, self-medication is not recommended. To begin with, you should diagnose the ailment.
How to carry out therapy?
Hypertensive heart disease or hypertension is treated exactly like hypertension - antihypertensive therapy is carried out. If you normalize blood pressure, then the load on the heart will decrease. In addition, it is necessary to use drugs that are used in the treatment of heart failure. At the initial stage of the development of the disease, monotherapy with ACE inhibitors is used. In the process of treatment should lead a healthy lifestyle.
Treatment is with diuretics, calcium antagonists, and beta blockers. There is no universal treatment regimen; the doctor selects it depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and blood pressure values.
Folk method
In case of hypertensive disease with predominant kidney damage, it is useful to use alternative methods of therapy, but only as directed by a doctor.
So, with the help of rosehip infusion, you can remove fluid from the body, thereby reducing the load on the heart and eliminate swelling. To prepare a healing product, it is necessary to pour the crushed plant with boiling water and insist for a while. Take half a glass several times a day.
Fresh parsley can be used to treat the heart. Doctors recommend greens included in your diet.
Chamomile tea, valerian root and motherwort have a positive effect on heart function.
Doctors Recommendations
To prevent the development of the disease with predominant heart damage, it is important to lead a healthy lifestyle, stop smoking. It disrupts the work of the whole body, since nicotine negatively affects the permeability of blood vessels.
It is important to regularly perform light physical exercises and eat right so that there are no problems with being overweight. Drink alcohol in moderation or eliminate it altogether.
Note to patient
Among the most common mistakes made by patients are untimely access to a doctor, self-medication and discontinuation of therapy when positive dynamics of recovery appear. Medications should be prescribed strictly by the doctor, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient's body. The dose and duration of the course are determined by an exceptional specialist.
Effective drugs
Heart disease is treated with the following drugs:
- Thanks to diuretics, you can eliminate edema and normalize the functioning of blood vessels. Using "Hydrochlorothiazide", "Indapamide", "Chlortalidone", "Veroshpiron", "Metoclopramide", "Furosemide" congestion in the circulatory system and kidneys are eliminated, toxins and toxins are removed from the body, blood pressure is normalized.
- With the help of "Bisoprolol", "Carvedilol", "Betaxolol" you can normalize the functioning of the heart.
- Thanks to angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors, the functioning of blood vessels and their expansion can be improved. The use of Metoprolol, Captopril, Berlipril, Kapoten, Trandolapril, Lisinopril is aimed at restoring the full functioning of the heart and blood vessels.
- Reduce stress on the heart with Amlodipine, Corinfar, Nifedipine, Verapamil, and Diltiazem. These drugs are called calcium channel blockers.
- Effective angiotensin receptor blockers include: "Losartan", "Valsartan", "Telmisartan", "Mikardis".
If hypertension occurs due to a violation of the regulation of blood pressure by the centers of the brain, then treatment is carried out with the use of “Klofelin”, “Andipal”, “Moxonitex”, “Physiotensa”.
Diuretic drugs
When edema occurs, doctors often prescribe diuretics - diuretics. These include Furosemide. The drug is recommended for edema caused by:
- pathology of the kidneys;
- hypertension
- cerebral edema;
- hypercalcemia.
The dose is prescribed by a strictly attending physician. Veroshpiron is a potassium-sparing drug that prevents calcium from leaving the body. Assign for the prevention of edema, as well as:
- with essential hypertension;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- ascites;
- nephrotic syndrome;
- hypomagnesemia;
- hypokalemia.
And thanks to Indapamide, you can increase the elasticity of blood vessels. The drug does not harm the general state of health and does not affect the level of glucose in the blood. With the help of the drug, hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart is reduced. Assign with hypertension of moderate severity and chronic heart failure.