A persistent increase in blood pressure is one of the most common human diseases. In medicine, this condition is called hypertension. It manifests itself gradually and is "not shown" immediately. During an exacerbation, it is accompanied by sudden changes in blood pressure, as well as weakness, dizziness, sleep disturbance, and migraine.
"Amzaar" is a comprehensive antihypertensive drug, which is produced in tablet form.
Structure
According to the instructions to Amzaar, it is known that the drug contains two active components in the structure:
- Losartan potassium.
- Amlodipine Camsylate.
The tablet shell consists of:
- hyproloses;
- hypromellose 2910;
- titanium dioxide;
- talcum powder.
Indications and contraindications
According to the instructions for use with Amzaar, it is known that it is prescribed to eliminate hypertension.
The following conditions are restrictions on the use of the medication:
- Lactation.
- Aortic aneurysm.
- Liver disease.
- Shock.
- Lowering blood pressure.
- Age to 18 years.
- Pregnancy.
- Increased sensitivity to the drug.
With extreme caution, it is recommended to take the medicine "Amzaar" in the following conditions:
- Hyperkalemia (a condition in which the potassium electrolyte content in the blood rises to a dangerous level).
- Mitral stenosis (narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice, which leads to obstruction of the physiological blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle).
- Aortic stenosis (narrowing of the aortic opening in the valve area).
- Tachycardia (frequent palpitations).
- Bradycardia (low heart rate).
- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (a disease characterized by thickening of the left ventricular wall).
- Acute myocardial infarction (one of the clinical forms of coronary heart disease, proceeding with the development of ischemic necrosis of the heart muscles).
- Reduced blood microcirculation.
- In old age.
Dosage and administration
Tablets are taken orally 1 time per day, washed down with water, regardless of food. Use the drug "Amzaar" must begin after preliminary titration of doses of losartan and amlodipine.
If necessary, you can switch to a comprehensive treatment with a separate use of these substances. The medication is indicated for patients who have similar dosages of Losartan (50 mg) or Amlodipine (5 mg) to a small extent control blood pressure.
In diseases of the kidneys with CC 20-50 ml per minute, patients do not need to adjust the concentration of the active substance.
Side effects
According to the instructions for use, the drug, if used improperly, can provoke certain undesirable reactions:
- Orthostatic hypotension (a disease that is caused by a violation of the body’s ability to maintain a normal level of blood pressure in an upright position).
- Migraine (persistent headache).
- Vertigo (a symptom known as dizziness, it is characteristic of ear pathology or, less commonly, brain damage).
- Nettle rash.
- Shortness of breath.
- Esophageal reflux (reflux of gastric contents into the lumen of the esophagus).
- Vomiting.
- Intestinal obstruction.
- Rapid urination.
- Peripheral edema.
- Asthenic condition.
- Sinus bradycardia (a pathological condition that is associated with a slowdown of the pulse by the main pacemaker - sinoauricular formation).
- Atrial fibrillation
- Ventricular tachycardia.
- Angina pectoris (a disease characterized by sensation or discomfort behind the sternum).
- Vasculitis (a group of diseases based on immunopathological vascular inflammation).
- Fainting.
- Fatigue.
- Insomnia.
In addition, the drug also causes the following side effects:
- Increased weakness.
- Sleep disturbances.
- Drowsiness.
- Memory disorder.
- Ataxia (partial or complete loss of coordination of voluntary muscle movements).
- Tremor.
- Memory impairment.
- Nervousness.
- Anemia.
- Thrombocytopenia (a condition characterized by a decrease in platelet count below normal).
- Bloating.
- Toothache.
Substitutes and analogues of "Amzaar"
Substitute drugs are:
- "Vamloset".
- "Aprovask".
- Lortensa.
- Exforge.
- "Losartan."
Further analogues of Amzaar 5 + 50 mg will be considered in more detail.
"Lortenza"
The drug is used for oral use, regardless of the meal, it should be washed down with water. Dosage - 1 tablet per day. "Lortenza" is used when monotherapy does not lead to adequate control of blood pressure.
According to the instructions for use with the Amzaar analogue, it is known that the treatment time must be monitored for salt intake and a certain dietary regimen must be observed. It is recommended that you visit your dentist regularly and maintain oral hygiene, as hyperplasia, as well as bleeding and sore gums, can occur. In 1.5% of patients who received losartan monotherapy, the occurrence of hyperkalemia was noted.
The abolition of Lortenza was not required in any of these situations. The combined intake of "Losartan" with potassium-containing salt analogues, as well as potassium preparations, potassium-sparing diuretics, which can increase the concentration of potassium in the blood should be justified. In addition, it is necessary to exercise control over its content.
The use of "Losartan" can cause transient blood hypotension, which is accompanied by shortness of breath, as well as fainting and shock. With Quincke's edema in the medical history, the administration of Lortensa should be under medical supervision.
"Aprovask"
The medication is taken orally, regardless of food. The tablet should be swallowed whole, washed down with water. As a rule, the initial dosage is 1 tablet per day.
Aprovask is often prescribed to patients with the failure of monotherapy with Amlodipine or Irbesartan, as well as those who already use them as separate drugs. Dosage is selected individually, and first, "Amlodipine" and "Irbesartan" are prescribed separately.
According to the instructions for use with the Amzaar analogue, it is known that when selecting the correct concentration of the drug, the reaction of blood pressure to therapy is taken into account. The maximum daily dosage of the drug is 150 mg / 10 mg or 300 mg / 10 mg. For people with impaired renal function and persons of retirement age, a decrease in the concentration of active components is not required. In case of impaired liver function, the drug is prescribed with extreme caution.
The effect of the drug on the patient's ability to drive a car or engage in work that requires increased attention and speed of response is unknown. Given the pharmacodynamic effects of the drug, its effect on such activity is unlikely. You can not drive a car or engage in potentially dangerous activities when such negative reactions as vertigo, as well as dizziness and weakness appear.
Vamloset
The drug is taken orally 1 time per day, washed down with water, regardless of the meal. It is necessary to begin treatment with a dosage of 5 mg + 80 mg, if necessary, after one to two weeks, it can be increased. 1 tablet should be taken per day.
With hyponatremia, symptomatic arterial hypotension may occur. With a pronounced decrease in blood pressure, the patient should be placed in a horizontal position, raising the lower limbs, if necessary, introduce saline.
After the level of arterial index is stabilized, therapy can be continued. When using Vamloset, due to the likelihood of dizziness, as well as nausea and fatigue when driving, special care must be taken.
Exforge
Tablets are taken orally, regardless of food, washed down with water, 1 time per day. Before starting treatment with this drug, previously used beta-blockers, if necessary, should be canceled by gradually lowering the concentration of the active substance in order to avoid the appearance of withdrawal syndrome.
The appointment of the drug is recommended based on laboratory indicators of the sodium content in the body and the volume of circulating blood, since their lack can cause severe blood hypotension. With a lack of sodium, you need to adjust them and start therapy under the close supervision of a doctor.
With the occurrence of blood hypotension, a person should take a horizontal position with raised legs. The introduction of a solution of 0.9% sodium chloride is shown. When blood pressure returns to normal, Exforge can be used further.
Losartan
This is a single drug that is taken orally, regardless of food. The medication can also be used in conjunction with other antihypertensive drugs. If there are no other appointments, the daily dose of the drug is taken in 1 dose.
In most situations with hypertension, the initial and maintenance daily dosage is 50 mg. As a rule, the maximum hypotensive effect can be achieved after three to six weeks from the start of treatment. To achieve the best pharmacological effect, some patients can increase the dosage to the maximum possible - 100 mg per day.
During treatment, it is necessary to constantly monitor the concentration of potassium in the blood, especially in patients of retirement age and with impaired renal function. Without the approval of a medical professional, it is not recommended to use potassium medications or salt analogues containing potassium.
In the presence of liver damage in the medical history, “Losartan” should be consumed in lower dosages, which is associated with an increase in the concentration of the drug in the blood. During treatment, it is necessary to constantly (at equal intervals of time) monitor the content of creatinine in the blood.
Reviews
Patients leave mostly positive responses about drugs for lowering blood pressure, as a rule, these are “Losartan”, “Exforge”, “Vamloset”. Reviews of them confirm the beneficial effect of the use of medicines.
Nevertheless, there are reviews in which patients complain of the frequent occurrence of side effects. It should be noted that the negative phenomena pass after several receptions of “Losartan”.
The responses about Exforge are mixed, both positive and negative. Most people report increased efficacy of this medicine. Some patients indicate that they have had adverse reactions, because of which they had to stop taking the medication.
In fact, no doctors ahead of time can rule out the occurrence of negative reactions. Vamloset is more effective than taking Amlodipine or Valsartan separately, but its use must be well controlled.
In the reviews of “Amzaar” it is said that the medication very quickly and effectively helps to cope with high blood pressure, but, unfortunately, side effects are often manifested, especially weakness, cramping, headache.