At the turn of the 15-16 centuries, a completely new architectural system appeared in Europe - the Renaissance style. In a different way, as you know, this period is the Renaissance. The architecture of this time changed and improved as a result of the merger and mutual influence of local traditions and new trends that came from outside. The Renaissance is a time of incredibly significant changes not only in art, but also in the economic and social sphere of almost all European countries. This was largely due to a shift in emphasis in the field of trade routes, the formation of new industrial and trade centers due to the opening of the American continent, the increased influence of the Turks in the Balkans, radical changes in culture and ideology.
During the Renaissance, knowledge about the world was significantly expanded and deepened, much attention was paid to the role of man in the world and society. The ideal person now is an educated, physically strong-willed person who, if necessary, is able to confidently assert his rights, change and improve the world. A new class arose and began to strengthen - the bourgeoisie, which is trying to create and implement its ideology. Absolutely new directions are developing in science, art, literature, philosophy, and, of course, in architecture. In all these areas, people are repelled by the ancient heritage, which explains the wave of interest in ancient art and architecture.
Without the use of medieval excellence in art and construction technology, Renaissance architecture and the associated development and improvement of the arts would hardly have been possible. It should be noted that at the beginning of the 15th century the influence of Byzantine architecture and urban planning was still very strong, which also contributed to the architecture of the Renaissance. Undoubtedly, the architecture of the Renaissance meant a fundamentally new, completely separate stage in the development of world architecture. Noticeable was the increase in the scale of secular and civil construction, temples and churches also began to look different. The desire of architects who worked in the 15-16th century to direct construction on the path of following ancient forms and techniques was expressed in the reproduction of decorative elements and order means.
Architecture in the Renaissance was characterized by a precise, academically correct combination and construction of details and proportions, as it was in the ancient era. In the early Renaissance, decorative ornaments and ornamental decoration played a very significant role, but in the middle and late Renaissance the role of these elements was reduced.
The architecture of the Renaissance did not develop uniformly in all countries, even in Italy - significant differences were observed in the north and south of the state. Namely - in Venice and the entire northern part of the country the role of decorative techniques was noticeably greater.
Each country in Europe had its own features and construction features. However, some common features can be traced. For example, this is a rejection of the frame stone foundation of the Gothic structure and the preference for a new structural system - a simple, quite flexible, economical and even facilitating the work of the architect. These are buildings with arches and walls made of bricks (cross, box, sail, closed, domed and spherical) with a partial use of wooden elements in the beam structures of floors, roof rafters. For brick lining used plaster, marble, stone. Such a facing had a decorative-plastic value. And the methods of decoration and ornamentation from the very beginning were common to almost all countries.
The architecture of the Renaissance implies not only the creation of a beautiful and functional structure, but also giving importance to the author - a master artist who has a unique personality. The names of the great masters - Bramante, Alberti, Brunellesco, Bramonte, Delorma, Michelangelo, Herrera, Jones - are forever inscribed in world history with the architecture of the Renaissance.