Surely every person is familiar with such a medical term as radiography. It means a study of the internal structure of organs and tissues of the human body. They are projected onto special paper or film using x-rays. Thanks to such a study, it is much easier for the doctor to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment.
To facilitate the procedure and improve the visualization of internal organs and tissues, radiopaque preparations are used. They are used only with radiation research methods.
As a rule, such funds contain iodine or barium.
One of the most popular radiopaque drugs is Omnipack. Instructions for use, analogues of this tool, its features and composition will be presented below.
The form of the drug, its packaging, description and composition
In what form do radiopaque agents such as Omnipack come out? Instructions for use, reviews report that the medication is a clear solution for intravascular, intrathecal and intracavitary injections. It goes on sale in bottles of 20, 10, 100, 50 or 200 ml. In one cardboard package they can be 6, 25 or 10 pieces.
The Omnipack preparation, the instruction of which is presented below, contains yoghexol, hydrochloric acid, trometamol, sterile water and EDTA (that is, sodium-calcium edeate).
Pharmacodynamic features of a radiopaque agent
What is Omnipack Solution? The instruction for use claims that this is a radiopaque agent. The effect after its use is achieved due to the absorption of x-rays by organically bound iodine. On radiographs, this allows you to visualize various blood vessels, tissues and cavities.
The best radiopacity in conventional myelography is observed after 30 minutes. And after 60 minutes, the organs are no longer visualized.
With CT, imaging in the thoracic region is possible for an hour, in the cervical region - for two hours, and in basal cisterns - for 4 hours.
Contrasting of the uterine cavity, bile ducts and pancreatic ducts, articular cavities, fallopian tubes, bladder and peritoneal protrusions is achieved immediately after administration of the solution.
Pharmacokinetic properties of the drug
What kinetics is characteristic for Omnipack? Instructions for use report that after the introduction of yogexol into a vein during the day, it is almost completely eliminated through the kidneys. The maximum concentration of the drug in the urine is reached after 60 minutes.
The half-life of funds with normal functioning of the renal system is two hours. The drug almost does not bind to plasma proteins.
With intrathecal administration , the medication in question from the cerebrospinal fluid enters the bloodstream, and then is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. In this case, the half-life is about 4 hours.
Indications for use of radiopaque
What is the Omnipack medicine for? Instructions for use (in ampoules this product is sold in almost every pharmacy) states that this drug is intended for radiological contrast studies of adults and children. It is used in urography, cardioangiography, arteriography, computed tomography, phlebography, thoracic, lumbar and cervical myelography, CT cisternography, retrograde endoscopic pancreatography, arthrography, salpingography, endoscopic cholangiopancreatography and studies of the digestive tract.
Contraindications to the use of the medication
In what cases should not be prescribed the drug "Omnipack"? Instructions for use (synonyms for this medication will be presented below) indicate the following contraindications:
- thyrotoxicosis;
- hypersensitivity to the drug;
- pregnancy;
- local and systemic infections;
- epilepsy (for subarachnoid administration);
- cerebral infections (for subarachnoid administration).
With extreme caution, this drug is used for diabetes, dehydration, pulmonary hypertension, cardiovascular diseases occurring in severe form, multiple sclerosis, renal and hepatic failure, multiple myeloma, chronic alcoholism, Burger's disease, systemic and local allergic diseases and reactions, acute thrombophlebitis, epilepsy, severe atherosclerosis, as well as during lactation and old age.
Omnipack solution: instruction for use
50 ml, 20 ml, 10 ml, 100 ml, 50 ml or 200 ml - what dose of the drug is used for diagnostic procedures? The dosage and route of administration of this solution are determined by many factors. These include the examination method, the general condition of the patient, his body weight, age, volume of cardiac output, etc.
The recommended dosage regimen of this drug, as well as its concentration should be established only by a diagnostic doctor. After the introduction of the solution, the patient should be provided with adequate hydration.
Side effects after administration
Are side effects characteristic of Omnipack? The instruction for use states that with intracavitary administration, this agent very rarely causes allergic reactions, as well as nausea, a feeling of heat and vomiting.
With intrathecal administration of the drug, vomiting and nausea are also possible. In addition, patients may complain of severe headache, pain and paresthesia in the back, neck and limbs, as well as dizziness and cramps (in predisposed people).
Overdose of radiopaque
What will happen with an overdose of Omnipack 350? The instruction states that such a risk is minimal, but if the solution is administered for a short period of time at a dose of not more than 2000 mg / kg of iodine.
Signs of overdose with this drug include cyanosis, pulmonary hemorrhage, acidosis, cardiac arrest, bradycardia, drowsiness or insomnia, weakness, fatigue, convulsions, coma, mental disorders, depersonalization, hallucinations, disorientation, depression, psychosis, amblyopia, tremor, fear, amnesia , diplopia, hypesthesia, photophobia, speech or visual disturbances, meningism, paralysis, EEG changes, cerebral hemorrhages.
That is why, with the introduction of a radiopaque agent, one should constantly monitor the work of vital systems and organs of the patient, maintain a water-electrolyte balance, and in case of urgent need, carry out urgent measures.
Interaction with other drugs
What medicines cannot be combined with Omnipack? Instructions for use states that with intrathecal administration, this medication is incompatible with corticosteroids. Also, it cannot be combined in the same syringe with antihistamines.
MAO inhibitors, phenothiazane derivatives, tetracyclic antidepressants, analeptics, and central nervous system stimulants increase the risk of developing seizures.
With the simultaneous administration of antihypertensive drugs, the likelihood of arterial hypotension increases.
It should also be said that the drug in question enhances the nephrotoxic properties of other drugs.
Special recommendations
In people with an increased risk of allergies, prior treatment with GCS or antihistamines is required.
It is necessary to take into account the likely development of dehydration in patients with severe myelomatosis and thyrotoxicosis.
In people with diabetes mellitus, as well as a creatinine concentration of more than 500 μmol / L, the use of this tool is possible only in cases of emergency.
The patient should be carefully monitored for suspected low threshold for convulsive readiness.
After the administration of iohexol, the iodine-binding ability of the thyroid tissue decreases for a period of up to two weeks.
Synonyms and analogues
The analogues of Omnipack include: Vizipack, Yopromid, Hexabriks, Yopromid, Yopamiro, Yopamidol, Xenetics, Scanlux 300, Optira, Scanlux 370, “ Iomeron, Ultravist, Iodixanol.
As for synonyms, they are used as: Introviz, Unihexol, Iobrix, Yohexol, Yohexol TR.
Reviews
Most often, reviews about the drug in question are left by the diagnostic doctors. And this is not surprising. After all, this drug is not intended to treat the patient, but to study his body.
In general, the responses about the radiopaque agent are positive. Experts say that the introduction of such a solution significantly improves the visualization of organs and tissues.
Very often, doctors compare Omnipack with other contrast agents. According to them, the drug is better tolerated by patients. Therefore, they give their preference to this particular tool.