Medicine does not stand still. Researchers are in constant search for new methods of treatment of various pathologies. On the other hand, every day more and more new diseases. For example, there are many types of neoplasms, and how to understand all medical terms for an ordinary person is not known. Naturally, you should start with terminology.
Definitions
To understand how a cyst differs from a tumor, it is necessary to clarify each term individually.
A cyst is a neoplasm in the form of a capsule with a liquid content. Such formations may occur in the womb, and may be the result of various diseases. Benign neoplasms appear on any organ, bones, and even in the brain.
A tumor is a formation whose growth is almost impossible to control. May be malignant and benign. Like a cyst, a tumor can appear on any tissue of the human body.
Benign neoplasms
What is the difference between a cyst and a tumor of benign origin? Any tumor is the result of a violation of the growth process and cell division. Benign tumors grow quite slowly and are usually diagnosed by contacting a doctor with other problems.
Typically, such formations do not have metastases and do not spread to neighboring tissues. Patients rarely report poor health. If the formation appears in the brain, then an increase in intracranial pressure is possible, which causes constant pain.
Risk factors include:
- poor environmental conditions in a particular region;
- work in hazardous industries;
- smoking and abuse of alcohol, drugs;
- improper nutrition;
- ultraviolet radiation.
Stages of benign neoplasm
The tumor develops in three stages:
- DNA mutation;
- cell division;
- increase in education in size.
In general, the course of the disease can last for decades, in particular the second stage.
Types of benign neoplasms
What is the difference between a cyst and a tumor? Benign neoplasms are divided into several types:
- fibroma;
- lipoma;
- chondroma;
- neurofibromatosis;
- osteoma;
- myoma;
- adenoma and so on.
And the most interesting thing is that among all species, a cyst is also distinguished. Such a formation is characterized by the presence of a soft cavity with fluid inside. Therefore, a cyst is actually a benign neoplasm.
Clinical picture
Initially, there are usually no symptoms. Later, the patient may discover the following signs of a benign tumor:
- general malaise;
- loss of appetite;
- weakness;
- nausea;
- weight loss;
- temperature rise;
- bleeding.
Naturally, when a cyst appears on the skin, it is easy to detect. But if the neoplasm appeared on the internal organs, then it can be detected only with the help of special studies and the characteristic symptoms.
Malignant neoplasms
The cells of malignant tumors are very different from the cells of the organ from which they were formed. The main distinguishing feature of such tumors is the ability to form metastases, that is, to the development of new formations in new organs.
All tumors are divided into two types:
The difference between a cyst and a tumor of malignant origin is that the last type of neoplasm can recur even after radical removal. If partial removal is performed, then there is almost a 100% chance that the cancer will grow back.
One of the most dangerous diseases is a bone marrow tumor. It is a spongy canal that is found in flat bones and contains stem cells. It is stem cells that are the starting material for the formation of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. Stem cells produce these types of blood cells as needed, for example, if old ones die. But in the presence of a tumor, normal growth is disturbed, cell production either decreases, or vice versa increases.
Classification and types of cysts
The main classification divides cysts into false and true. The latter type is characterized by the absence of a special lining in the cyst. By the nature of the occurrence, congenital and acquired cysts are distinguished.
By the mechanism of education distinguish:
- Parasitic. In fact, this is the larval stage of tapeworms (echinococcus or cysticercus).
- Retention. As a rule, they are formed on glandular-sector organs.
- Traumatic, that is, arising against the background of a shift in epithelial tissues.
- Ramolitic, often formed against the background of focal necrosis of compact tissue.
- Tumor. They occur against the background of metabolic disorders.
- Dysontogenetic, that is, congenital.
Gynecology has its own classification of true cysts:
- Cystadetonoma. The main danger of the appearance of such cysts is that there is a very high risk that they will develop into malignant neoplasms.
- Epidermoid cysts. The danger of such formations is that in the absence of treatment, a woman can become infertile.
- Dermoid cyst. This is actually the rudimentary element of the accessory tissues. The main feature of neoplasms of this type is rather slow growth, but constant.
In the reproductive age, a fairly large percentage of women encounter problems in the gynecological field. For example, a cyst of the uterus. What it is? According to statistics, about 70% of all women sooner or later face the problem of the appearance of a cyst. However, it is impossible to independently determine the cyst of the uterus, only by ultrasound or by colposcopy, visual examination. The disease is associated with blockage of the sebaceous glands, which are responsible for the secretion.
What is the difference between a cyst and a tumor?
The main and first difference of neoplasms is that it is quite simple to determine from which tissue a cyst is formed. If a tumor is detected, then the cells of this formation are completely different from the cells of the surrounding tissues.
The second and main difference, malignant tumors are capable of metastasis to neighboring organs. If the tumor is not removed in a timely manner, then it can grow throughout the body and cause death. A cyst never grows into other tissues and organs.
The third difference is that a cyst is only benign, in contrast to a tumor, which can be malignant. The fourth difference is that the cyst is actually a cavity in the membrane with a liquid content. Unlike a cyst, a tumor is a pathological growth.
The cyst very rarely reaches large sizes and can burst. A tumor can grow to enormous size.
The main danger of a tumor is germination in neighboring tissues and organs. The cyst can rupture and twist, but very rarely grows to large sizes, although it is dangerous with possible complications.
By the nature of the symptoms, both neoplasms are also different. A cyst can cause a feeling of constriction of the surrounding tissues, although it rarely affects the general condition of the body, but it can disrupt the normal functioning of the neighboring organ. Malignant neoplasms seriously change the patient's condition due to cancer intoxication. The disease can reach cachexia, that is, to cancerous exhaustion, and as a result - the death of the patient.