Chronic metritis is a gynecological disease associated with the inflammatory process of the uterine mucosa. The acute form occurs against a background of a bacterial infection or trauma, over time it becomes chronic or sluggish. This is a fairly serious disease, which can lead to impaired ovarian function, infertility, changes in the structure of tissues and other pathological processes. The disease occurs in women of all age groups.
Types of disease
To date, several types of metritis are distinguished:
- Endometritis. The inflammatory process that occurs in the inner layer of the uterus. Often develops after abortion and the introduction of an intrauterine device. Very rarely it causes damage to surrounding tissues and other organs.
- Parametritis. The nearby tissues and vagina are usually involved in the process, characterized by severe symptoms.
- Pyometer. It manifests itself in the form of a blockage of the cervix, as a result of which fluid retention begins. As a result, fetal freezing may occur, inflammation of the exudate begins.
Regardless of the type, chronic metritis occurs against the background of an ineffective treatment of the acute form. The aggravation of the condition occurs if there is a spiral or there are any pathologies, for example, ovarian dysfunction, bending of the uterus.
Provocative factors
Chronic metritis is a consequence of an acute course that occurs against a background of bacterial infections or injuries. It is not always possible to prevent the appearance of an acute form, and the following factors are related to provoking factors:
- tissue tears during childbirth or during an abortion;
- infection with infectious diseases from a sexual partner;
- a chronic form of cervicitis, that is, when an infection enters the uterus from the cervix;
- uterine spiral;
- congestion in the ureter, intestines and other organs.
Clinical picture
Symptoms of chronic metritis are not very pronounced, so women often do not even pay attention to them. However, a number of characteristic signs of pathology can still be distinguished:
- drawing pain in the sacrum and lower abdomen;
- menstrual failure;
- blood and other discharge from the uterus, including purulent;
- discomfort during urination;
- constipation
- tachycardia, fever;
- general deterioration in health.
Abundant menstrual flow is observed in some women, blood may appear even between menstruation. The main danger of the disease is that it will inevitably lead to a violation of the blood supply and hormonal failure if there is no adequate treatment.
With exacerbation of chronic metritis, the symptoms worsen.
Diagnostics
To make a diagnosis, the doctor will necessarily conduct a thorough gynecological examination, in which he determines the presence of increased tissue density on the cervix and in the organ itself. The doctor also determines if the uterus is enlarged.
Additional diagnostic measures include a blood test, which is made necessary to determine the level of white blood cells and the rate of ESR.
An ultrasound examines the pelvic organs to determine the condition of the uterus and adjacent tissues, that is, how widespread the pathological process is.
Therapeutic measures
Treatment of chronic metritis can be carried out with the help of medicines and using non-drug methods. It is necessary to be prepared that the gynecologist at the consultation will definitely say that the treatment of metritis is a lengthy procedure that can take months, depending on the stage of development of the pathology.
Non-drug methods include:
- Curettage of the mucosa.
- Vacuum manipulations.
In cases of menstrual irregularities, the doctor will prescribe oral medications that will help normalize hormonal levels.
As a rule, treatment is carried out in a hospital and in bed.
To eliminate the symptoms and treatment of chronic metritis, antibacterial medicines, drugs from the macrolide group are used. If the disease arose against a background of bacterial vaginosis or candidiasis, then antifungal drugs are prescribed. As a rule, the oral preparation Polyoxidonium is prescribed. Its action is aimed at suppressing pathogenic microflora and reducing the inflammatory process. To relieve pain, it is recommended to use cold, which is applied to the lower abdomen.
Physiotherapy is not in the last place: the technique of exposure to ultrasound, electrophoresis with drugs (zinc, iodine, magnesium), compresses with ozokerite, and mud therapy are used.
Along with conservative treatment, it is recommended to use recipes that our grandmothers knew about.
Folk remedies
How to treat chronic metritis? Fairly good results are given by traditional medicine. For douching, you can use tincture of chamomile flowers and goose cinquefoil. These plants relieve the inflammatory process and contribute to the cessation of bleeding. For cooking, you need one tablespoon of a mixture of herbs, pour one liter of boiling water, insist, strain and douche.
Instead of cinquefoil goose, you can use linden. In this case, chamomile and linden are taken in a ratio of 3: 2. Four tablespoons of the mixture are poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted and used for irrigation.
Complex broth is prepared from the following medicinal plants:
- oak bark - 1 part;
- chamomile (flowers) - 3 parts;
- nettle (leaves) - 3 parts;
- grass of the mountaineer of the bird - 5 parts.
All herbs are mixed. Then 2 tablespoons of the mixture is poured with one liter of boiling water and insisted. After this tincture, you can douche or make vaginal swabs.
For medicinal purposes, you can use plantain. Since ancient times, people have been aware of the high hemostatic properties of this plant. To prepare the tincture, which is used inside, you will need 200 milliliters of boiling water and one tablespoon of grass. It is necessary to insist for 15 minutes, then strain. In addition to taking tinctures from plantain, it is recommended that you douche or put tampons.
You can buy a tincture of calendula (alcohol) in a pharmacy and take 10 drops 4 times a day. Calendula has a bactericidal property and positively affects the restoration of the uterine structure.
Insidious disease
Chronic metritis - what is it and what is dangerous? As we found out, this is a serious illness. Alas, the predictions even after treatment for women are disappointing. In some women, conception occurs, but pregnancy ends in a miscarriage. However, IVF gives great chances for bearing and giving birth to a full-fledged baby. Even if the disease is not completely cured, and the ovaries continue to work normally, the egg will mature successfully and the woman will be able to bear the fetus.
However, if the disease proceeded against the background of complications, then doctors may refuse even an IVF. In such situations, you will have to resort to surrogacy.
In some cases, the disease leads to hyperplasia. With serious complications, surgery may be indicated, up to a complete resection of the uterus and appendages. Therefore, it should be understood how important it is to consult a doctor on time and undergo a course of complex treatment.
Preventive actions
To avoid the appearance of chronic metritis, any factors that may lead to the development of the disease should be eliminated. Firstly, it is necessary to abandon abortions and all kinds of curettages that can violate the integrity of the uterus. Infectious diseases of the pelvic organs, random sexual intercourse should be avoided, and also not to be cold.
If it has already happened that a woman is sick, then gynecologists recommend regular preventive examinations. You should never forget about the rules of personal hygiene, it is also necessary to maintain your immunity and try to prevent colds.