Hygroma of the hand is a very unpleasant phenomenon that causes physical and psychological discomfort. Education occurs not only in adult patients, but also in children. The main reason for its development is excessive mechanical stress on the hand, but it is not the only one.
What is a pathology?
Hygroma of the hand - a benign tumor (cyst), filled with a liquid of various nature. It has the correct rounded dimensions. The cyst membrane is smooth, elastic. In the liquid, mucus and fibrin, blood fragments are often present.
Depending on the stage of development of education, its size may be different. The larger it is, the greater the discomfort that the patient will feel.
Most often, the hygroma appears in the area of the wrist joint. It is solitary, but in some cases a person has several cysts. They are formed due to microtrauma of the joint or the fact that the joint cannot hold the synovial fluid in the cavity, and it flows into the capsule, stretching it.
A hygroma will not be able to degenerate into a malignant tumor, however, it provokes other serious complications, so it is necessary to fight it.
Varieties of formations
Before you begin to treat hygroma on the hand, you need to understand what it happens. The following types of pathology can be distinguished:
- In the area of the wrist joint. They are clearly visible if they are not under the ligaments. Appear on the side, on the back or front. They are not characterized by bright soreness.
- On fingers. Often they grow to large sizes and cause intense pain, as they compress the nerves.
- Under the skin of the fingers on the back. Such a hygroma is not large. Pain appears only if you click on the formation.
- On the palm. In this case, it becomes difficult for a person to pick up objects. Pain is caused by impaired tendon functionality.
In some cases, the patient will need surgical intervention, but it is better not to bring it to this.
Causes of occurrence
The causes of the appearance of brush hygroma are different. Negative factors include:
- Hereditary predisposition.
- Congenital weakness of the musculoskeletal system.
- Joint Injury
- Intense sports training.
- Lifting heavy objects.
- Inflammatory or infectious joint lesion.
- Degenerative processes in the joint.
The risk group includes people performing monotonous or hard work: seamstresses, athletes, office workers, musicians.
Over time, the hygroma of the brush can increase in size, delivering strong physical discomfort. In general, a tumor is treated quite simply. Only in advanced cases, the patient may need surgery.
Symptoms of pathology
The main symptom of hand hygroma is the appearance of a round growth of the correct shape and dense consistency. If at first the limb may swell a little, then over time the bump can grow quickly or for many months. Small formations practically do not bother a person. However, large cysts are characterized by such symptoms:
- Problems with circular brush movements.
- Sensation of fluid transfusion inside.
- Pain sensations of a different nature.
- Change in skin tone. The affected area turns red. Sometimes the brush fades. The skin acquires a rough texture.
- Clear contours of education.
- A feeling of cold and numbness of the limb (if the formation presses on the nerve endings and blood vessels).
If these symptoms are present, then the patient needs to see a doctor to choose treatment tactics.
Pathology diagnostics
The detection of brush hygroma (photo can be seen in the article) is not difficult. Such a diagnosis can even be made by a therapist, but it is better to consult a surgeon or orthopedist. A visual inspection and fixation of patient complaints is enough for a specialist. In some cases, additional diagnostic procedures are required:
- Roentgenography. Thanks to her, a specialist can detect the presence of other cysts and abscesses.
- Ultrasound A study is used to determine the state of soft tissues.
- CT, MRI. Such techniques for the diagnosis of hygroma are used in advanced cases. They allow not only to assess the condition of soft and hard tissues, but also to find out the cause of the development of pathology.
If there is a suspicion of the presence of another type of tumor, then the patient is prescribed a synovial fluid puncture and a tissue biopsy of the tumor. Subsequently, the materials are subjected to histological and cytological analysis.
Conservative therapy
Treatment of hygroma of the brush joint is carried out in several ways: conservative and alternative methods, as well as using surgical intervention. No ointments or tablets will help to get rid of the neoplasm completely, but it will be possible to eliminate the symptoms.
Conservative methods include:
- Puncture. It is performed under local anesthesia. A needle is inserted into the cavity to pump out the contents. After the procedure, antiseptic agents, as well as glucocorticosteroids, are introduced into the cyst. Sometimes the patient will have to undergo a puncture 3-4 times. Its disadvantage is that there remains a high risk of relapse of the hygroma of the hand (the photo of the procedure is presented above).
- Sclerosis. The presented method of therapy is similar to puncture. First, all liquid must be removed from the cavity. After that, it is washed with antiseptics. Next, special substances are injected into the cyst that glue the walls of the neoplasm. After the procedure, a tight bandage is applied to the brush, which should be worn for about 2-3 weeks. Also, during the recovery period, the load on the limb should be reduced.
- Physiotherapeutic treatment. The following procedures will be useful for the patient: paraffin or mud applications, electrophoresis with medications, and ultraviolet irradiation.
- Compresses based on drugs. Local preparations are used here. However, they are able to temporarily eliminate the symptoms.
- Blockade. It is produced in the presence of severe pain. For administration, Diprospan is used. Injections are carried out in a hospital, but it is often not recommended to use them.
- Crushing. This method is also considered conservative, but gradually doctors refuse it. The method is a mechanical destruction of the formation, while the internal content spreads in the brush. Since it is sterile, there will not be much harm to the patient. However, the presented method of therapy is painful as well as ineffective. Soon, a new appearance of the hygroma of the brush is possible. Reviews say that surgical removal provides the best effect.
In severe cases, the pathology is treated with surgery. In this way, you can completely get rid of the pathology and prevent its occurrence in the future.
Surgical intervention
The operation of the hygroma of the hand is performed according to certain indications. It is needed in the case of a strong increase in the size of the formation (more than 1 cm), limitation of the mobility of the arm, accompanied by sharp pain. An indication for intervention is compression of nerve fibers or blood vessels.
Intervention is necessary for infection of the cyst. There are several ways to get rid of the problem:
- Traditional operation. It involves cutting the neoplasm with a scalpel. This type of operation lasts about an hour. It provides for a subsequent period of rehabilitation. The disadvantage of the intervention is the possibility of infection in the wound, as well as a long recovery period.
- Laser removal. This is a modern method of combating pathology, which is considered the safest and most effective. It reduces the risk of complications or relapse to a minimum. The operation is also characterized by minimal blood loss, lack of scars.
- Endoscopic surgery. The presented intervention is preferable, as it is less traumatic. To remove the hygroma, small incisions are needed, from which there is not a trace left. After endoscopy, the recovery period does not last long, but the arm cannot be loaded for some time.
During recovery, the patient must limit the load on the arm. For this, orthopedic appliances or an elastic bandage are used. If this period is missed, then the person will have a relapse.
Surgical operation of the hygroma on the hand is the method that is used in an emergency. In order to avoid interference, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible. In no case should one engage in self-medication.
Folk recipes
Treatment of hand hygroma with folk remedies will be effective if it is carried out in complex therapy in the early stages of the development of the disease. It will not be possible to completely eliminate the neoplasm, but you can get rid of the symptoms. Such recipes will be useful:
- Celandine juice. From a fresh plant, squeeze 1 tbsp. l liquids. The affected area of the brush must first be steamed, after which celandine juice is applied to it. Next, the hand is wrapped with gauze and polyethylene. The compress must be fixed and held for 12 hours. The course of therapy lasts 2-3 weeks. The compress is applied once a day.
- Leaves of cabbage. They need to be slightly kneaded. Next, honey is applied to the sheet and applied to the affected area. The compress must be well fixed. Change the sheet every 2 hours. In general, the procedure lasts up to 8 hours. The duration of therapy depends on the degree of complexity of the disease, and it lasts until the symptoms disappear.
- Tea mushroom. A compress is also made from it.
- Lilac broth. For cooking, 2 tbsp. Are required. l plant flowers and half a liter of water. The mixture is boiled for 15 minutes. Next, the liquid is filtered and used to wipe the affected area. Treatment lasts until symptoms disappear.
- Decoction of pine branches. They are filled with water and boiled over low heat for half an hour. Next, the broth is used to knead the dough from which cakes are formed and are applied to the hand.
- A mixture of red clay and salt. After combining the components, the result should be a viscous porridge, the product is applied to the hygroma. The compress lasts for a day. The course of therapy is 10 days.
- Propolis ointment. Before using it, you must make sure that there is no allergic reaction. 70 g of raw material and the same amount of butter are placed in the container. Next, the mixture goes into the oven for 2.5 hours. The resulting product is placed in the refrigerator. After it cools, it is necessary to apply the ointment to the affected area daily.
- Sagebrush. A fresh plant is crushed, and the resulting slurry is applied to the brush as a compress. The minimum duration of therapy is 1 week.
Folk recipes are not a panacea and often can only remove the symptoms, and not relieve the cause of its appearance.
Possible complications and prevention
Removal of the hygroma of the brush is carried out only as a last resort. However, if there is an indication for the intervention, but it can not be done, then the patient may experience such complications:
- Purulent tendovaginitis or bursitis.
- A more complex treatment for recurrent hygromas.
- The development of degenerative processes in the area of the hand, which will lead to a limitation of its mobility.
To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to consult a surgeon in a timely manner and not to self-medicate. The formation does not degenerate into a malignant tumor, but it can provoke the development of destructive processes in the limbs that cannot be reversed.
Hygroma is an unpleasant and often painful disease that sometimes requires surgical intervention. However, such a pathology can be avoided. To do this, observe the following recommendations of specialists:
- Correctly distribute the load on the hand so that it does not constantly lie on the same joint. To reduce it, you can use orthopedic appliances. This applies to all representatives of the risk group.
- Avoid injury to the hand.
- If the limb has been damaged, it is necessary to fully undergo treatment and rehabilitation. Untreated injuries cause the development of hygroma.
- It is important to avoid the spread of the infectious process to the joints or to treat it in time.
- Eliminate any negative factors contributing to the development of pathology.
The presented disease must be treated immediately after the onset of the first symptoms. It is better not to bring it to the extent that the neoplasm squeezes the blood vessels and nerves. This condition violates the nutrition of tissues, which is fraught with serious complications.
Reviews
Reviews about the pathology are very different. Laser removal has helped many, others are afraid of such an intervention and use folk methods. How to treat ailment is up to you.