Gonorrhea is an infectious sexually transmitted disease. If a person becomes infected with them, the pathogen attacks its mucous membranes and begins to weaken the immune system.
What if this happened? What is the treatment for gonorrhea based on? What drugs are effective? How long will it take to heal? There are a lot of questions regarding this topic. And now some of them should be answered.
Symptoms
They need to be considered before proceeding to the study of the treatment of gonorrhea. Symptoms of this disease can be identified in the following list:
- Painful and frequent urination.
- General condition worsening.
- Increase in body temperature to 39 ° C.
- Diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea.
- Violation of the menstrual cycle in women.
- Damage to the prostate and testicles in men.
- Pain in the lower abdomen.
- Ulceration, edema and hyperemia of the mucous membranes.
- Itching and burning of the genitals. The urination process is also accompanied by these sensations.
- Serous-purulent discharge from the vagina and urethra is observed.
Since we are talking about the symptoms and treatment of gonorrhea, it is fair to note that often the disease proceeds without any signs at all, especially in women. Or only some of them appear.
But this is only at first. Then, when the infection spreads throughout the body, a person’s condition worsens. And the symptoms are felt. Therefore, it is necessary to visit a doctor immediately at the first suspicious manifestations.
Antibacterial and antimicrobial agents
Of course, for the treatment of gonorrhea, drugs are prescribed by the venereologist after examining the patient and examining the tests handed over to him. But this is clear to everyone.
There is one fact that needs to be addressed before proceeding to the study of the drugs and methods used in the treatment of gonorrhea. In women and men, this disease is treated equally. It’s important to remember this!
Many pharmaceutical companies and private clinics offer patients “special” medications designed specifically for women or men. However, this is a marketing move, no more. Since the infection manifests itself equally in any body, regardless of gender, and it is necessary to influence it with certain substances.
So, from the medicines of this group are usually prescribed:
- Capsules "Bassado". Take orally, daily, 1 tablet every 12 hours after eating. The duration of the course is determined individually.
- Doksal. 100 mg twice daily.
- Doxylan. Take within 5 days, a maximum of 200 mg.
- Zinpat. This generation II cephalosporin is effective if the infection is in the genitourinary system. Usually these are cases when a woman develops cervicitis or urethritis with gonorrhea.
- "Cotrimoxazole." Assign for the treatment of chronic gonorrhea. Take 1 tablet 2 times a day.
- "Levomycetin" in capsules. Effective against microbial cell division. The course lasts up to 10 days.
- Miramistin in solution. It can neutralize the pathogen if it is douching and treating the genitals within 2 hours after unprotected sex. After this, another 1.5 hours you can not go to the toilet.
- "Raksara." The tablet is taken once. Helps with the initial form of the disease.
- "Renor." Prescribe in the presence of gonococcal cervicitis or urethritis.
- "Rifamor." The drug helps with the disease in an acute form. It is taken once on an empty stomach.
- "Rovamycin." The allowed daily dose is 6–9 million IU, divided into 2-3 doses.
In some cases, a combination of several drugs is required. By the way, their price is rather big. A pack of Bassado capsules, for example, costs about 1200-1300 rubles. And there are only 10 of them.
Injections
Rarely, there are no injections in the treatment of gonorrhea. The following drugs are injected:
- "Zinacef." This powerful second-generation antibiotic is administered once intramuscularly in an amount of 1.5 g.
- Lendacin and Longacef. Do intramuscularly in the buttocks.
- Ketocef. It is indicated if penicillin is not possible.
- "Modevid". The drug will help if there are no complications.
- "Netromycin." The injection is done once intramuscularly, at a dose of 0.5 in each buttock.
- "Nosef." It will help in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea. The powder is diluted with a local anesthetic such as Novocain.
- Pipraks. It is administered once intramuscularly. The tool is indicated only for the disease in acute form. The dosage is determined by a specialist.
- Pipracil. Intramuscular daily injections. The course lasts 10 days.
- "Rifogol." Intramuscularly administered at intervals of 8-12 hours.
- "Rocefin" in solution. The powder is diluted with Lidocaine.
As a rule, injections of many drugs are done in the venereological office. Sometimes even immediately, on the day of arrival, for the results of the tests and the diagnosis.
Antibiotics
Their intake is necessarily accompanied by treatment with gonorrhea drugs in men and women. However, antibiotics must be taken correctly. Otherwise, the resistance (insensitivity) of gonococci to their components may develop.
Therefore, it is customary to divide antibiotics into three groups.
- The main ones. These are antibiotics that have a high activity against the pathogen. They begin treatment as soon as laboratory confirmation of gonorrhea has been received. The most effective drugs in this group are Ceftriaxone and Cefixime. Their action is aimed at inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls of parasitic bacteria.
- Alternative. This group includes antibiotics that have an average activity for gonococci. They are used if a person does not tolerate the drugs of the main group, or they do not provide the proper effectiveness. The most popular antibiotics in this group are Spectinomycin and Ciprofloxacin.
- Reserve. These antibiotics are prescribed in the treatment of gonorrhea in men and women only if neither the main nor the alternative are effective. They have a very high activity for gonococci. The doctor can prescribe them only after an already completed course of antibiotics (as a result of which its inefficiency is revealed).
If a person decides to prescribe them for himself, then there will be a chance of developing a strain (microorganisms) that is generally not sensitive to any modern drugs.
Ofloxacin can be classified in this category. This substance belongs to fluoroquinolones, and it has a very wide spectrum of action. After its administration, the blocking of the DNA gyrase enzyme in gonococcal cells begins with their complete destruction.
Commonly prescribed drugs
Continuing to talk about how the treatment of gonorrhea in men and women is carried out, it is necessary to list some antibiotics that doctors prescribe most often for this disease. The list is as follows:
- Ciprinol. Its active ingredient is ciprofloxacin. An antibiotic is an antimicrobial that inhibits the synthesis of bacterial DNA and suppresses DNA gyrase. Dosage is determined individually. In acute course, 125 mg is prescribed in the morning and evening. Popular analogues: Ecocifol, Tsifran, Tsiprolet, Tsiprobay.
- Zoflox. Acts similar to the previous drug. It is prescribed for uncomplicated gonorrhea in the initial stage. The daily dose is 800 mg, this amount of the drug should be divided into several doses. Analogs are Zanocin and Tarvid.
- "Azaran." It is administered by a doctor parenterally. It has a bactericidal effect, inhibits cell synthesis, and also acetylates membrane-bound transpeptidases. It is indicated for uncomplicated form. Among the popular analogues, one can distinguish “Cefson”, “Longacef” and “Rocefin”.
- "Kirin." It acts bacteriostatically, destroys gonococcal strains. This is a tricyclic antibiotic related to aminocyclotols. It is indicated for the treatment of gonorrhea of any stages. But in severe cases, the dosage reaches 10 ml. There is only one analogue - “Trobitsin”.
- Suprax. This is a semi-synthetic antibiotic based on cefixime. It is administered once in an individual dosage for mild stages of gonorrhea, and for severe prolong the course to 7-14 days. Among the popular analogues, one can note Pantsef, Iksim Lupine, Cemidexor, Cespan and Ceforal Solutab.
- "Azicide." An antibiotic related to azalides (a subgroup of macrolides). Its main active ingredient is azithromycin. It is effective not only for gonorrhea, but also for chlamydia. The dosage is determined by the doctor depending on the severity of gonorrhea. Analogs include drugs "Ecomed", "Azimycin", "Zimax" and "Azitrox".
Of course, each medication of the listed has contraindications and a list of possible side effects. Therefore, the doctor will decide which drug is suitable for the patient, making the appropriate conclusions based on the results of tests, examinations and studies of the person’s history.
Other drugs
Continuing to talk about the symptoms and treatment of gonorrhea in men and women, it is necessary to list some more medicines that were not previously mentioned. These include:
- Sulfadimethonic. An antibacterial drug that is a derivative of sulfonamide. When taken orally, it has a lasting effect.
- "Sumamed." An antibiotic belonging to the group of azrolide macrolides. The action is aimed at suppressing the synthesis of microbial cell protein.
- "Sumerolim." Combined drug with antibacterial and antiprotozoal effects. Also blocks the metabolism of parasitic cells.
- "Tarid". Refers to fluoroquinolones. It has a bactericidal effect.
- "Trimosula." A highly effective antibacterial agent that can cure both cholera and typhoid, and prostatitis with gonorrhea.
- Capsules "Hikontsila." An antibiotic belonging to the group of semisynthetic penicillins. Capsules are drunk on an empty stomach at intervals of 8-12 hours, like one of the previously mentioned drugs.
As you can see, there are many drugs that can cope with gonorrhea. This can not but rejoice. However, as is the fact that with timely treatment, the prognosis is always favorable.
Non-drug treatment
It is usually prescribed to patients suffering from gonorrhea for many months. In this case, gonorrhea is called chronic. And competent antibiotic treatment in this situation will not help. Rehabilitation will be much more difficult.
Men, for example, must be prescribed an urethra lavage. This is an extremely unpleasant procedure, which involves repeated administration through a syringe into the urethra of a special solution in the amount of 15 ml (which one, the doctor will say). It must be carried out regularly. The frequency is determined individually.
In chronic gonorrhea, you need to take immunomodulating medications. They are necessary in order to maintain the body's defenses. After all, such serious diseases deplete the immune system, and it ceases to work properly.
For the same reason, it is recommended to review your diet. It is necessary to abandon junk food and alcohol, start drinking more clean water and eat foods enriched with vitamins, macro- and microelements.
In addition to the above, physiotherapy courses can be prescribed. As a rule, the patient is sent for electrophoresis, ultrasound and phonophoresis. If there are complications, you will have to treat them as well.
It is possible to achieve remission, even if it is not easy. But even then, upon completion of therapy, the patient has to come to the examination and test every few months, so that the doctor confirms that everything is in order with him.
Folk remedies
Doctors are skeptical of their use. But, nevertheless, many people decide to start treatment of gonorrhea at home, and they use folk remedies for this. Here are some recipes:
- Burdock root (1 tbsp. L.) Pour a glass of boiling water and send to the fire. Cook for 20 minutes. Then cool and strain. Take three times a day for 1 tbsp. l
- Calamus root (30 g) pour a liter of boiling water. Leave for an hour. Add the resulting tincture to hot baths 2-3 times a week. She can also do douching before bedtime. But not more often 3-4 times a week.
- Field yarut (1.5 tbsp. L.) Pour a glass of boiling water. Close the container tightly and leave for 4 hours. The resulting infusion should be taken 4-5 times a day for 1 tsp.
- In 1 kilogram of honey, mix ground dill seeds (50 g), chopped walnuts (300 g), steamed and thoroughly mashed garlic (100 g). Put everything in a blender and turn into a homogeneous mass. Every day three times eat 1 tbsp. l this mixture. Each time - 2 hours after eating.
- In equal proportions, mix dandelion roots, juniper fruits and birch leaves. Pour a glass of boiling water, let it brew for 30 minutes. Then strain, drink 1 tsp. three times a day before meals.
These are just some of the existing tools. However, they (as well as taking drugs) should not be carried away. And in natural ingredients there are substances, an excess of which can negatively affect health.
Surgical intervention
Surgical treatment of gonorrhea is a last resort. The probability of encountering it is only in the presence of serious complications that are not amenable to drug treatment. And only in women.
Surgical intervention is indispensable if the patient is sick with acute salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes) and pelvioperitonitis (infectious and inflammatory lesion of the peritoneum of the pelvis).
If anti-inflammatory therapy fails within 1-2 days, and clinical symptoms increase, an operation is performed - laparoscopy. It involves the opening, rehabilitation and drainage of the purulent focus.
Surgery is also necessary for diffuse or diffuse peritonitis. In these cases, a laparotomy (abdominal wall incision) is performed and further necessary manipulations are performed.
All these are consequences. That is why, in order to avoid such terrible complications, you need not think about how to treat gonorrhea at home, but immediately make an appointment with a venereologist in order to get qualified advice and adequate treatment recommendations.
Consequences and Prevention
No need to explain once again why gonorrhea is a dangerous disease. This is a sexually transmitted STD; if infected, they should immediately consult a doctor.
The disease is especially dangerous for women. If you run it, the infection will reach the fallopian tubes, as a result of which they will cause obstruction. And the consequence of this is infertility, which for many women is a real tragedy.
What to do after treatment for gonorrhea? Of course, one must abandon casual sexual relations. And if they occur, then use a condom. But it is better, of course, to have sex with only one partner, whose loyalty is beyond doubt.
However, just in case, it is recommended that you sometimes visit the office of a venereologist for the passage of preventive diagnostics. And especially not to delay it with the appearance of alarming symptoms.