Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are now common not only among older people. Even young people often suffer from disturbances in the blood supply to the brain, heart pains and poor performance. Recently, in the treatment of such pathologies, a new synthetic drug Mildronate is often prescribed. He has quite a lot of indications for use, it is used by both doctors in acute conditions of patients in hospitals and healthy people to prevent and improve performance during high physical exertion.
general characteristics
Indications for the use of Mildronate are neurological or cardiovascular pathologies. It is used in neurology, cardiology, sports medicine. Now it is known as doping for athletes, since its active active substance, meldonium, is able to increase stamina and improve results during training. Therefore, in professional sports, the drug is prohibited.
Meldonium is a synthetic substance, an analogue of the amino acid that is found in the cells of all living organisms. It was synthesized in the 70s of the 20th century in Latvia. At first it was used to improve the growth of plants and farm animals. Then its cardioprotective and restorative effect on the human body was discovered. Since the mid-80s, meldonium began to be used in medicine. Now it is part of many drugs. It is prescribed for decreased performance, depletion of physical and mental strength, for the treatment of pathologies of the heart and blood vessels.
Composition and form of release
Several medicinal products based on meldonium are available. In some of them, the main active substance is called the same, while in others it is called mildronate. Such drugs are available in capsules, solution for injection, there is also a syrup.
The most common capsules are sometimes called Mildronate tablets. Indications for use are their most extensive. The drug is prescribed for the treatment and prevention of many pathologies, or simply to improve performance. Tablets contain 250 or 500 mg of meldonium. In addition to it, they include potato starch, calcium stearate and silicon dioxide.
For injection, the drug is available in 5 ml ampoules. They contain 500 mg of meldonium and water for injection. 5 ml of syrup contains only 250 mg of active substance. In this form of the drug there are more auxiliary components: propylene glycol, citric acid, sorbitol, cherry flavor, glycerin and dyes.
Action taken
Indications for the use of Mildronate indicate that this agent has a tonic and restorative effect. It improves metabolism, and also improves the supply of cells with energy and oxygen. Due to the properties of meldonium, the drug has the following effects:
- cardioprotective - improves the viability of heart cells, the work of this organ, increases the heart rate, reduces the number of attacks;
- angioprotective - increases the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels, accelerates blood circulation, improves the condition of the vessels of the retina;
- antianginal and antihypoxic - reduces the negative impact of a lack of oxygen, improves cerebral circulation;
- protects cells from damage and accelerates the elimination of toxins, improves metabolism and restores the biochemical composition of cells;
- tonic - increases the ability to tolerate physical activity, promotes faster recovery, reduces mental overstrain;
- relieves symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.
The result of using the drug
Due to the presence of such beneficial properties, many doctors prescribe Mildronate to patients. Indications for use allow its use in neurology, cardiology, sports and as a general strengthening agent. Capsules "Mildronate" are absorbed quickly, the bioavailability of the active substance is about 78%. With injections, its digestibility is almost 100%. The action of the drug in tablets occurs after about an hour, and when injected - immediately, within 5-6 hours, meldonium is excreted through the kidneys.
The most common indications for the use of the drug "Mildronate" are cardiovascular pathologies. It is used in the treatment of angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, as well as after a heart attack. Meldonium improves blood circulation, slows down the speed of necrotic processes, increases the resistance of the heart muscle to stress, provides it with oxygen. At the same time, the frequency of angina attacks is reduced, and the rehabilitation of patients after a heart attack is accelerated.
One of the indications for the use of Mildronate capsules is to increase the body's resistance to physical activity. For these purposes, it is often used by athletes. He was even forbidden to use in professional sports. The drug improves the supply of oxygen to cells, reduces fatigue and increases the effectiveness of training. In addition, meldonium accelerates metabolism, which contributes to faster muscle recovery after increased physical exertion.
The drug "Mildronate": indications for use
Most often, this drug is used in capsules. It is prescribed in the complex treatment of such pathologies:
- angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, heart failure;
- disruption of blood vessels in adolescents;
- vegetovascular disorders, cerebrovascular accidents;
- chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchial asthma;
- alcoholism, alcohol withdrawal syndrome;
- decreased performance;
- diabetic retinopathy;
- increased stress, overwork, exhaustion of the body.
Also, the drug is used during the rehabilitation period after serious illness or surgery. It helps to recover faster and restore performance. Indication for the use of Mildronate in sports is the prevention of overtraining, muscle fatigue. This tool allows you to quickly restore muscle after training. But, contrary to popular belief, the drug does not contribute to muscle building. On the contrary, due to the acceleration of fat metabolism, it contributes to weight loss.
In addition, there are special indications for the use of Mildronate injections. Reviews of doctors note that in this form the drug acts faster. And with some pathologies, oral administration of meldonium is not suitable. This is hemophthalmus, hemorrhage in the eye, a violation of the retinal vessels, for example, a blood clot or vasodilation.
Contraindications and side effects
Indications for the use of Mildronate include circulatory disorders in adolescents, although the instruction refers the age of up to 18 years to contraindications. But still, this drug is often prescribed for children from 12 years old, as it is easily tolerated and effectively improves the condition of adolescents. Contraindications include individual intolerance to meldonium, increased intracranial pressure and brain tumors. It is also not recommended to use the drug for pregnant and lactating women. Studies on this subject have not been conducted, so it is not known how meldonium will affect the child. If the patient has impaired renal or hepatic function, the drug is prescribed with caution and under the supervision of a doctor, and only if there are serious indications for use.
Reviews on the drug "Mildronate" show that this is a low-toxic drug, it is well tolerated and almost does not cause side effects. Dyspepsia may develop after taking the tablets, and with individual intolerance, an allergic reaction. The patient may also experience tachycardia, increased pressure, or mental agitation. But this happens rarely, and the drug is usually not addictive.
Instructions for use
The method of application, dosage and duration of treatment depend on the severity of the disease, the individual characteristics of the patient, as well as on therapeutic goals. Usually the drug is taken twice a day, but with chronic alcoholism or severe physical overwork, it is recommended to drink it 4 times. To relieve withdrawal symptoms, you need to take 1 tablet of 500 mg 4 times a day, and with increased loads - 1 tablet of 250 mg.
An increased dose of 500 mg is taken for serious circulatory disorders, angina pectoris, heart failure. And athletes are prescribed even 2 tablets of 500 mg 2 times a day for better recovery after training.
The usual course of treatment is 2-4 weeks, sometimes it is extended to 2-3 months. You can repeat it in a month, with cardiovascular diseases it is recommended to undergo treatment several times a year. Sometimes, for example, with heart failure after a short treatment course, maintenance therapy is recommended: 750 mg per day 2 times a week for a month and a half.
Injections "Mildronate"
Indications for use of the drug in injectable form are more serious. It is used in ophthalmic practice in case of disruption of blood vessels. In this case, the drug is injected directly into the eye tissue. And with diseases of the heart and blood vessels, intravenous or intramuscular injections are indicated. Typically, injections are prescribed once a day for 10-14 days, then they switch to tablets.
In acute conditions, for example, with a stroke or myocardial infarction, Mildronate is administered intravenously for 1-2 ampoules, depending on the condition of the patient. In chronic pathologies, the drug can be administered intramuscularly. In the tissue of the eye, only a specialist can make an injection. It is permissible to administer only 0.5 ml with such injections.
special instructions
The drug has a tonic effect, so it must be taken in the morning - up to 17 hours. You need to drink capsules or syrup before meals or 30 minutes after it.
You need to know about the interaction of Mildronate with other drugs. Meldonium may enhance the effects of antihypertensive and antianginal drugs. In this case, the development of tachycardia and a strong decrease in blood pressure are possible. Therefore, with simultaneous administration with Nitroglycerin, cardiac glycosides, alpha-adrenergic blockers, Nifedipine, dosage adjustment is necessary. Well, the drug is combined with antiarrhythmic drugs, anticoagulants, antiarrhythmic drugs and diuretics.
Analogues of the drug
There are analogues of the original drug "Mildronate", which also contain meldonium. It:
- "Cardionate";
- Midolat
- "Angiocardyl";
- Melform;
- "Vasomag".
There are also drugs that have a similar effect, but based on other active ingredients. It:
- "Biosint";
- "Valeokor";
- Dibikom;
- "Doppelherz Cardiovital";
- Kudesan;
- "Preducted";
- Riboxin;
- Mexidol;
- Curantyl
- "Trimektal" and others.
The question of choosing the necessary therapeutic agent for therapy should be decided only by a doctor.
Application Reviews
Many doctors note the good tolerability and high effectiveness of the drug "Mildronate". And patients like its low cost: 250 mg capsules can be bought at a price of 250 to 320 rubles, and 500 mg for 500-600 rubles. A solution for injection for a 10-day course of treatment costs about 400 rubles. The drug is highly effective, given the indications for use. Reviews about "Mildronate" note that it accelerates recovery in severe forms of cardiovascular pathologies, relieves fatigue, and improves performance.