Special nutrition for various diseases is not just a whim of doctors, but real help to a weakened body to overcome pathology as soon as possible. It is especially important to maintain a healthy diet for patients suffering from diseases of the digestive system.
A few words about the relationship of diet and disease
The success of the entire treatment and the effectiveness of the rehabilitation period largely depend on the literacy of the compiled menu. For example, proper nutrition for cholecystitis plays an extremely important role. After all, this unpleasant disease damages the digestive tract, which is subjected to a large load during the ingestion and digestion of food.
Cholecystitis is a disease in which the inflammatory process affects the gallbladder. In this organ, a substance is produced that is necessary for the full functioning of the digestive system.
The effect of nutrition on the work of a weakened body
It is bile that significantly simplifies the process of digesting fats, especially animals. It is for this reason that it is so important to follow a healthy diet for cholecystitis. Inflammation can be chronic and acute, so there are some differences for different cases.
Nutrition for cholecystitis is really very important. Indeed, the digestion of incoming food is too complex a process consisting of several stages. First, food enters the esophagus from the mouth and enters the stomach, where it is treated with acid juice. At the next stage, food enters the duodenum, where bile and pancreatic juice act on it. After all these manipulations, it is completely split.
Exacerbation Diet
If the gall bladder is damaged, it is not able to fully cope with its functions, due to which various digestion problems appear. Given this factor, qualified nutritionists have developed a special diet for cholecystitis, which helps to prevent exacerbations. Such a diet is designed for an organism weakened by a pathological condition and an impaired digestion process.
Proper nutrition for cholecystitis is primarily aimed at ensuring complete rest of the biliary system. In the event of such a pathology, nutrition is completely excluded from the patient's life for several days from the moment of detection of symptoms. However, it is extremely important to observe the drinking regimen. All kinds of compotes and fruit juices, black tea, plain water without gas, a decoction of rose hips are allowed.
As soon as the general condition of the patient is stabilized, a variety of food products are gradually introduced into his menu. Cholecystitis is not a sentence for those who can follow a healthy diet. But patients with such diagnoses should bear in mind that different diets have been developed for pathologies of an acute and chronic nature.
The purpose of the diet
The cause of this disease is inflammation in the tissues of the organ, which can be acute and chronic. The first variant of pathology, according to statistics, is considered one of the most common reasons for seeking emergency care. The main risk group for the disease includes people suffering from any degree of obesity.
For this reason, therapeutic nutrition or diet for cholecystitis is a kind of "cornerstone" of the comprehensive treatment of this pathology. Adhering to a special menu, you can prevent the progression of the acute stage of the disease, and also avoid the transition of this condition to chronic and relapse.
Only one thing is important - adhere to the main principles of a healthy diet:
- reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract;
- protect the damaged organ from additional irritations;
- stabilize the production of bile;
- to normalize the contractility of the gallbladder.
The basic principles of diet
There are general rules for a therapeutic diet recommended for patients with a diagnosis of cholecystitis. Here is some of them:
- regular meals in small portions, at least 5 times a day to stimulate the production and withdrawal of bile;
- one and the same meal time to form the body's habit of an accurate schedule, according to which bile will be released;
- at one meal should eat no more than 700 g of food;
- the total weight of the daily diet should not exceed 3.5 kg;
- during the day you need to drink at least 8 glasses of liquid - freshly squeezed juices, weak green tea, fruit drinks, herbal decoction, plain water without gas;
- the diet should have a minimum amount of refined carbohydrates and fats;
- the daily menu should include 80-100 g of protein, half of which will be in animal proteins;
- 70-80 g of the diet should be fat, a third of which is vegetable;
- high-quality protein should not be fat;
- despite the minimum amount of fat, the patient's diet should be nutritious;
- as for the methods of making dishes, the patient is allowed to use only what is cooked or steamed;
- the amount of carbohydrates in the diet can range from 300-350 g, a third of which can be refined;
- all food should be at room temperature or warm.
Diet features
During an exacerbation, nutrition with cholecystitis should correspond to a special diet 5A according to Pevzner, developed by specialists. In case of acute symptoms, any solid food should be discarded. The patient needs to completely relax the digestive system, having deleted everything from the diet, except:
- weak tea;
- still water;
- fruit or berry freshly squeezed juices;
- tinctures from rose hips or other medicinal plants.
After the manifestations of the pathological condition are reduced, you can gradually enter in the menu:
- mashed soup with rice or potatoes;
- grated oatmeal;
- jelly;
- wheat flour crackers.
And after a few more days you can add non-fat products of animal origin to the diet:
- low-calorie cottage cheese;
- cooked, chopped and grated chicken;
- beef cooked in the same way;
- rabbit meat.
In just a week, when the clinical picture as a whole improves, you can proceed to the observance of the diet itself, diversifying the patient’s menu with useful products and deleting everything harmful from it. This is what nutrition should look like with exacerbation of cholecystitis.
Forbidden food
Even in the period of remission, when the symptoms of the disease temporarily disappear, patients with a diagnosis of cholecystitis need to plan their own meals, abandoning products that can provoke exacerbations. At the same time, it is very important to enrich the menu with those ingredients that have high nutritional value and anti-inflammatory properties.
The list of prohibited products:
- spinach;
- semi-finished and deeply processed foods (sausages, sausages);
- butter products;
- spicy and spicy marinades;
- legumes;
- chocolate;
- ice cream;
- fatty meat, fish dishes;
- fatty seafood;
- mushrooms;
- carbonated and cold drinks;
- fast food;
- spicy vegetables;
- drinks containing caffeine and alcohol;
- any confectionery.
Featured Products
As already mentioned, special nutrition for cholecystitis can significantly alleviate the symptoms and general condition of the patient. The list of recommended products will tell the patient what is best to include in their daily menu. So, the allowed components are:
- marmalade;
- boiled or steamed vegetables;
- whole grain cereals - oatmeal, rice, buckwheat and others;
- low-fat cottage cheese;
- ground dried fruits;
- pasta and bakery products from rye and whole grain flour;
- non-acidic fruits;
- honey;
- decoctions of medicinal plants;
- boiled eggs;
- low-fat seafood, fish and meat;
- pureed soups with vegetables, cereals and milk;
- biscuit cookies;
- unrefined olive oil;
- natural yogurt, kefir and other dairy products with a low percentage of fat content;
- freshly squeezed juice from beets and other vegetables.
Features of the remission stage
The occurrence of a chronic form of cholecystitis is the result of ignoring the doctor's recommendations in the treatment of pathology in the acute stage. Such a disease is characterized by a pain syndrome that occurs after each meal. The pains are aching or cramping in nature.
Quite often, patients explain the appearance of pain with minor errors in the diet, without even thinking that the disease is at the stage of progression and gradually develops into chronic cholecystitis. At the same time, nutrition plays almost the main role, so you should definitely not neglect the rules of the diet.
With exacerbations of the pathology, the diet for chronic cholecystitis does not differ from that observed in the acute form of the disease. In the same way, the patient will need to drink only liquids for several days, and as the overall picture improves, light meals will need to be added to the daily menu. Nutrition for cholecystitis, properly planned, will help the patient normalize the state of the digestive system and eliminate unpleasant symptoms.
Approximate menu for remission
The diet in this case is approximately the same for all patients. This is a nutritional sample for chronic cholecystitis, designed for a five-time regimen:
- Examples of the first breakfast. You can eat oatmeal, boiled in water, with several prunes, dried apricots or other grated dried fruits. Fat-free yogurt and 2 tablespoons of fruit puree. Steamed omelet of two eggs, combined with the same vegetables.
- Examples of lunch. 50 g biscuit cookies with a cup of green tea. The same amount of marmalade with a rosehip broth. Or you can limit yourself to a glass of fruit and berry fresh.
- Lunch options. A serving of mashed vegetable soup. Steamed fish souffle with vegetables. Chicken fillet with mashed potatoes.
- Examples of afternoon tea. Grated Baked Apple. Fruit and berry smoothie. Fat-free yogurt with natural sweet puree.
- Dinner examples. A glass of kefir. Cheese casserole. Jelly from fruits.
Nutrition for cholecystitis and pancreatic pancreatitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder over time can spread to nearby organs, for example, the pancreas, causing pancreatitis.
Significantly facilitate the well-being of the patient and achieve rapid remission is quite possible due to proper treatment and adherence to a special diet. In case of exacerbation of pathologies, the patient is shown fasting for several days. In general, the diet for pancreatitis and cholecystitis has general principles:
- increased protein intake with a parallel reduction in carbohydrates and fats;
- the exception of fatty, pickled, hot and smoked;
- liquids must be drunk at least 2-2.5 liters;
- It is advisable to cook dishes for a couple or cook;
- it is equally important to control the temperature of food - it is forbidden to eat too cold or hot food;
- from the first rich dishes should be discarded and opt for vegetarian soups;
- pieces of food should be chewed carefully and not rush during the meal;
- consumed foods should not provoke bloating, active production of stomach acid and prolonged digestion;
- the use of herbal decoctions.
What should be discarded
Diet for pancreatitis and cholecystitis prohibits:
- fatty soups with meat ingredients;
- baking and baking;
- alcohol;
- legumes, radishes, onions, white cabbage, garlic, radish;
- fatty semi-finished products, meat, fish;
- soda, cocoa and coffee;
- chocolate, ice cream, fatty sweets.
It is worth saying that with these diseases you can not eat raw vegetables and fruits, as well as bananas, figs and grapes. In addition, corn, wheat, pearl barley and barley groats should be abandoned. During the treatment of cholecystitis and pancreatitis, it is necessary to avoid the use of horseradish, sour fruits, berries and mustard.
Conclusion
The main objective of any diet in the treatment of such pathologies is to reduce the burden on injured organs. At the same time, proper nutrition helps to stabilize the functioning of the gallbladder and its ducts, while normalizing the work of the digestive system and intestines.