A cyst is a formation in the human body that usually consists of a cavity and fluid. The structure of its cells and contents allows the tumor to be classified by species. Over time, if untreated, the cyst grows, and cells can begin to change with development, which often leads to degeneration into a malignant formation. On what does a cyst appear, on what factors does its growth depend? Consider the article.
Dysontogenetic cyst
A type of intrauterine pathology that persists after birth. It provokes the formation of excess tissue. For example, a cyst may occur due to an uncovered gill slit or thyroid-reed duct. Sometimes pathological processes lead to formations inside the organs. The dermoid type of cyst is also a consequence of embryonic development disorders and is characterized by the presence of dense walls of connective tissue. Inside the cyst, hair, teeth, sebaceous glands and other accumulations of cells can be located. So, what causes a cyst of a dysontogenetic type? This is a consequence of genetic disorders in the development of the embryo during gestation at different stages of pregnancy.
Retention Cysts
The endocrine glands with a delay in the outflow of secretory fluid contribute to the appearance and development of cysts. The mechanism is based on successive events: the duct is clogged, the secret cannot stand out completely and gradually accumulates inside. For a long time, mucus and water remain inside the gland, deforming its walls. After a while, a cyst lined with an epithelium forms. Most often, such a development mechanism is valid for such bodies as:
- salivary and mammary glands;
- prostate;
- ovaries.
Scientists have found out why a cyst appears: usually the process starts due to inflammatory diseases. So, prostate lesions occur due to chronic prostatitis.
Negative effects of parasites
There are frequent cases of the formation of tumors in connection with the vital activity of parasites in the human body. One of the most common pathogens is tapeworms, such as echinococcus. The disease is transmitted through dogs or contaminated water sources. Echinococcosis is one of the reasons why a cyst of the liver, lungs, spleen, gall bladder, less often the heart or brain appears. The condition is dangerous for a long period of no symptoms. Upon reaching an impressive size education brings inconvenience.
Parasitic cysts require appropriate treatment due to the high risk of infection of other cavities and organs. Pathogens should be destroyed by therapy, and the cyst is most often removed by surgery or percutaneous puncture.
Colloid cyst
This is a benign mass filled with gelatinous fluid and coated with connective cells. In appearance it resembles nodules. A cyst of this type grows very slowly and forms mainly in the brain or thyroid gland. Often has a hereditary character. What causes a cyst with colloidal contents? In addition to a genetic predisposition, the following can affect the growth and development of tumors in the brain:
- stress, overwork;
- poor nutrition and sleep;
- lack of physical activity.
Among the causes of the appearance of a colloid cyst in the thyroid gland, there are:
- injuries
- bad habits;
- violation of acid-base balance;
- iodine deficiency;
- negative effects of x-rays.
For a long time, the disease does not manifest itself. With formations in the thyroid gland, a cyst is detected with a significant increase. A colloid goiter is diagnosed . A tumor in the brain produces itself only with hydrocephalus, which develops as a result of cystic formation.
Other causes of cysts
Ramallic benign formations develop against the background of organ necrosis. The site of damage is overgrown with connective tissue, which in the future will become a tumor wall. Enzymes soften dead tissue, and gradually they turn into a liquid. Most often, cysts of this type appear in the brain (for example, after a stroke) or with osteoblastoma.
Often the growth of one cyst inside another. Usually this occurs inside the glandular tissue, due to its structure. It provokes the onset of growth of the second tumor of the adenoma and other cysts of the secretory organs. Trauma can also serve as a cause for the formation of a neoplasm. The epithelial layer is broken, and a cyst forms at the site of damage.
Female organ retention
Approximately 80% of all benign tumors of the glandular organs of the female body look like a follicular cyst. Why does a follicular cyst appear so often? This is due to female physiology. Each month, the ovaries produce follicles, inside of which an egg is formed. Around the middle of the menstrual cycle, the integrity of the largest of them is destroyed. If this does not happen, the fluid inside the follicle accumulates and a cyst forms. Within 2-3 months, the formations may disappear on their own, but this does not always happen.
What causes a cyst on the ovary, what factors provoke its development? Most often, a tumor forms at a reproductive age and is asymptomatic. Larger tumors can cause discomfort. Follicular cysts never degenerate into oncology. There is only the risk of them breaking and twisting the base.
Benign breast formations
Formations in the form of granules with a clear liquid can form inside the milk ducts of the breast. They are diagnosed mainly when they reach a sufficient size for palpation or accidentally on a preventive ultrasound. The process is usually asymptomatic. Sometimes discomfort and burning in the chest before and during menstruation are possible.
What causes a cyst in women in the chest? The mammary glands are one of the most vulnerable organs, which is constantly exposed to a large number of hormones. In this regard, the main reason for the appearance and development of cystic formations is a violation of the hormonal background.
It so happened that there were no endocrine disorders, and the tumor still appeared. Why does a cyst appear in such a situation? In addition to hormonal changes, trauma, diseases of the reproductive system, and long-term inflammatory processes both in the gland itself and in other "female" organs can provoke the growth of benign formations.
What causes a cyst in a healthy, at first glance, person? Usually this leads to insufficient attention to the body and its needs: poor sleep and nutrition, stress, overstrain. A large place in the development of tumors is occupied by diseases and inflammations that were not healed on time.