Rashes in the mouth are a fairly common problem that many patients experience, regardless of gender and age. The rash can be an independent disease or manifest against the background of other pathologies.
Of course, the appearance of rashes negatively affects the quality of human life, because pathology is often accompanied by itching, unpleasant burning sensation and even pain. But, in order to get rid of the disease, it is worth sorting out its causes. Why do rashes appear in the sky, in the mouth, around the lips? What other symptoms are worth paying attention to? What methods of treatment and prevention does modern medicine offer?
Types and photos of rashes in the mouth
Of course, there are many diseases that are accompanied by similar symptoms. Rashes of the oral cavity can be different. Their structure, structure, appearance and location are important diagnostic factors.
- Bubbles are small structures, the cavity of which is filled with liquid, serous contents. Often a similar rash in the mouth is associated with herpes.
- Pustules are structures filled with muddy contents. Inside, as a result of the inflammatory process, purulent masses are formed. Such rashes can be both superficial and deep.
- Blisters - such a rash does not exist for long (for example, for several hours, sometimes even minutes). Similar lesions of the mucous membrane can be observed against the background of an allergy.
- The appearance of a rash in the form of spots (usually a reddish color) is possible.
- Nodules are structures that do not have a cavity and are located under the surface layers of the epidermis. Due to the formation and growth of nodules, tissues acquire a tuberous structure.
- Flakes - are the result of keratinization of superficial tissues.
- Peptic rash, as a rule, is the result of damage to pustules, boils.
Rashes around the mouth: causes
Why does a rash appear around my mouth? In fact, the reasons can be varied. However, in most cases, rashes are associated with activation of herpetic infection. This is a viral disease accompanied by the appearance of a blistering rash with liquid, clear contents. As a rule, rashes form on the delicate skin of the lips, as well as the tissues around the mouth.
Red spots and a rash of the type of urticaria may indicate the presence of an allergic reaction. As a rule, such a pathology is also accompanied by severe itching and burning. Almost any product can trigger an allergy.
Why do rashes appear in children?
According to statistics, a rash around the lips and inside the oral cavity is most often seen in children.
The reasons remain the same. For example, a rash in a child is often an allergic reaction - most often these symptoms are caused by the use of dairy products, the untimely introduction of complementary foods, and the use of an inappropriate milk mixture.
Children's bodies are more susceptible to infections. For example, measles is accompanied by the appearance of small white pimples on the surface of the tongue and cheeks. The appearance of an abundant reddish rash in the palate and the inner surface of the cheeks may indicate the presence of scarlet fever. With diphtheria, thin whitish films form in the tonsils - if you try to remove them, sores form in this place that slowly heal.
Infectious diseases
In addition to childhood infectious diseases, there are other pathologies from which people suffer, regardless of age.
Quite often, rashes in the oral cavity indicate stomatitis. The cause of inflammation of the mucous membrane can be both viruses (including herpes), and bacteria, fungi.
One cannot but mention candidiasis. Thrush is the result of activation of Candida species. A white, curdled plaque forms on the mucous membrane, under which small sores form. The disease is much more often diagnosed in children, although adults are not protected from it.
Rashes around the mouth in an adult patient, pimples and sores on the mucous membrane can be the result of the progression of syphilis.
Other causes of a rash
The appearance of a rash is not always associated with infection of the body and allergic reactions. There are a number of other reasons:
- systemic lupus erythematosus (rashes in the mouth of a woman aged 15-35 years may indicate systemic, autoimmune diseases; in men, the disease is diagnosed less often);
- immunodeficiency conditions make the body more susceptible to infection, including herpes, stomatitis, candidiasis;
- malignant neoplasms (the rash looks like nodules or ulcers).
Associated symptoms
Rash in the mouth is rarely an independent disease. In most cases, the appearance of vesicles or sores on the tissues of the oral cavity is associated with the development of some kind of systemic pathology and infection. Accordingly, other symptoms appear in patients:
- Often people note an increase in body temperature. Fever indicates an inflammatory process or tissue infection.
- The appearance of rashes is often accompanied by severe itching, a burning sensation.
- Soreness, redness, swelling of the mucous membrane are also possible.
- Enlarged lymph nodes, along with a rash, often indicate an infectious disease.
- The appearance of rashes in other areas of the skin and mucous membrane.
- Cancers are often accompanied by painless rashes along with unexplained weight loss and general weakness.
Diagnostic measures
Rashes in the mouth can sometimes indicate normal stomatitis or candidiasis. However, sometimes the appearance of a rash is the result of a more dangerous disease. That is why with a similar symptom, doctors conduct a complete diagnosis.
- To begin with, an anamnesis is collected and a general examination of the rash sites is performed. The doctor is also interested in the presence of other symptoms.
- A mandatory part of the diagnosis are laboratory tests. Even a general blood test can give a lot of useful information. For example, an increase in the number of leukocytes or an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate signals inflammation, an infectious disease. Against the background of allergies, an increase in the number of eosinophils is observed.
- Samples of the contents of the rashes themselves are also taken for analysis. For example, if we are talking about a fungal disease, then under the microscope you can see the micelles of pathogenic fungi. The presence of atypical cells in the samples sometimes indicates the development of cancer.
- Depending on the results obtained, the doctor may prescribe additional tests, for example, an analysis for HIV infection or syphilis, a complete dermatological examination, etc.
Therapy depending on the cause of the disease
The treatment regimen in this case directly depends on the causes of the rash:
- If the disease is caused by the activity of bacteria, then antibiotics are prescribed to patients (in the form of tablets, injections, ointments or solutions for external treatment).
- Fungal diseases, including candidiasis, require the use of antifungal drugs, such as Fluconazole.
- In the presence of an allergic reaction, it is advisable to take antihistamines, including Tavegil, Suprastin, Diphenhydramine.
- In autoimmune diseases, cytostatic drugs are used, as well as steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
- It should be understood that lesions of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity are often associated with disorders of the immune system. That is why patients are recommended general strengthening therapy, including hardening, vitamins, a balanced diet, and physical activity.
Preventive actions
Mucosal ulcers, rashes in the mouth in women and men are at least unpleasant phenomena. And sometimes it’s much easier to prevent the development of diseases. The rules of prevention are simple:
- adhere to hygiene standards;
- limit contact with infectious patients, refuse to share dishes, towels and other household items;
- quit smoking, as cigarette smoke damages the mucous membrane of the mouth;
- try to prevent mechanical damage to the tissues of the oral cavity (for example, remember that the food you eat should not be too hot or hard);
- use condoms during intercourse.
Of course, if rashes appear on the tissues of the oral cavity or near the lips, you should consult a doctor. The sooner treatment is started, the easier it will be possible to cope with the disease.