One of the most common causes of patients seeking medical attention is a sore throat. It can be caused by various reasons. In most cases, a sore throat due to a viral infection. Treatment of such a disease is mainly symptomatic and takes place without the use of serious medications. But if bacteria are the cause of the inflammation, antibiotic therapy is mandatory. Which antibiotic from the throat is better to drink, only a doctor can decide. Self-medication is dangerous not only because most of these drugs cause side effects, improper treatment can lead to the development of complications and the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics.
Causes of Sore Throat
There are many diseases whose symptom is a sore throat. Tonsillitis, tonsillitis and ARVI are the most common of them. In the case of a viral infection, in addition to sore throat, cough, runny nose and other symptoms are observed. Angina can be both viral and bacterial. Before, very often it was the cause of death of patients. Now antibiotic treatment of the throat helps to avoid complications. But the choice of the drug can only be done after laboratory tests and determine the cause of the disease. After all, an antibiotic for the throat with a viral infection is not only a useless, but even harmful medicine. It reduces immunity and prevents the body from resisting the virus. Sometimes, and for other reasons, a sore throat. Antibiotics are also prescribed most often with streptococcal infection. And if the pain is caused by a fungal infection, trauma or other diseases, it must be treated in other ways.
When antibiotics are prescribed for sore throats
This is only done if the sore throat is caused by bacteria. You can not immediately find out the cause of the disease. This is usually done using a blood test and a smear from the throat. The patient at this time has an increased level of white blood cells. In addition, bacterial tonsillitis can be recognized by the following symptoms:
- in addition to sore throat, the temperature is very high, and it is impossible to reduce it by conventional means;
- the appearance of the tonsils changes, they swell, a serous plaque or pus appears;
- the lymph nodes are swollen, and soreness in the submandibular zone is felt.
Rules for the use of antibiotics
1. These drugs are very serious, have many contraindications and side effects. In addition, only a doctor can choose an antibiotic for throat. After all, different drugs act against certain bacteria. A wrong choice can only do harm.
2. An antibiotic for the throat is never prescribed immediately when the first symptoms appear. Indeed, in most cases, tonsillitis and tonsillitis are caused by viruses, and other drugs are needed to treat them.
3. It is necessary to strictly observe the prescribed dose and the period for taking such drugs. It often happens that after a couple of days of using an antibiotic, the patient becomes easier and he stops drinking the medicine. But this approach is very dangerous, as bacteria become more resistant and can cause serious complications.
4. When antibiotic treatment of the throat is carried out, it is necessary to strictly observe the regimen of their administration. Only withstanding a certain interval between doses of the drug can an effective treatment be achieved.
5. Antibiotics fight bacteria and remove inflammation. Pain and fever need to be removed, additionally taking symptomatic agents.
6. While taking antibiotics, it is recommended to drink as much water as possible. In addition, you need to know what drugs this medicine is combined with. When prescribing an antibiotic, it is advisable to take additional funds that normalize the intestinal microflora.
Antibiotics for throat diseases
Taking these drugs does not reduce the duration of the disease. But after 2-3 days the patient’s condition improves, and the possibility of developing purulent-inflammatory complications decreases. Therefore, with streptococcal and staphylococcal angina, as well as bacterial tonsillitis, antibiotics are required. Without them, the risk of developing otitis media, pneumonia or paratonsillar abscess is great. But an experienced doctor will never prescribe such a treatment immediately when a sore throat occurs. The fact that the infection is bacterial can only be found in a few days. And mothers who are afraid for their child when he has a high fever and sore throat are often unhappy with this. But you should never start taking antibiotics on your own without a doctor's prescription. After all, only a specialist can know that to many of them, bacteria that cause pharyngitis and tonsillitis have developed resistance. For example, "Erythromycin", "Tetracycline" and sulfonamide drugs are not prescribed now for sore throats. In most cases, they are useless for such diseases.
How to choose a drug
What antibiotics to treat throat better? It depends on the age of the patient, the presence of concomitant diseases, allergies and the type of pathogen. With angina, the following drugs are effective:
- penicillin antibiotics: Amoxicillin, Sumammed, Bicillin and others;
- macrolides - "Azithromycin", "Clarithromycin" or "Josamycin";
- linkcosamides are the time-tested drugs "Linkomycin", "Clindamycin" or "Dalacin";
- cephalosporins - “Cefuroxime”, “Cephalexin” or “Levofloxacin” - the most commonly used antibiotic. The ear, throat and airways are cleaned by him of infection very effectively.
Local antibacterial drugs
Not only conventional antibiotics can be used to treat sore throats. Familiar to all lozenges or pharynx sprays can also contain antibacterial drugs:
- "Grammicidin" is an antimicrobial drug based on which several topical drugs are available for the treatment of sore throat. For example, Grammidine and Grammidin Neo resorption tablets. They are not addictive to microorganisms and effectively treat tonsillitis and tonsillitis.
- "Bioparox" is a very effective local antibiotic for the throat in the form of an aerosol, which has an anti-inflammatory effect in tonsillitis and pharyngitis.
- The medicine "Stopangin" in the form of a spray or lozenges contains antibiotic benzocaine and is very effective for sore throats.
- Resolving tablets "Faringosept" contain the antibiotic Ambazon and can kill pathogenic microflora in the throat cavity in 2-3 days of use.
Trachisan
This is the best local throat antibiotic recently. Its effectiveness is explained by a special combined composition:
- lidocaine hydrochloride - a long recognized local pain medication;
- chlorhexidine is very effective against any bacteria. And at the same time, it does not have the disadvantages of antibiotics, is not absorbed into the blood and walls of the stomach;
- the main active ingredient of these lozenges is tyrotricin. This is a strong antibacterial drug that destroys the tissues of any bacteria.
Thanks to this composition, Trachisan tablets effectively help not only with sore throats, but also relieve inflammation and kill bacteria.
The best penicillin antibiotic
Most often prescribed with angina "Amoxicillin." It has a wide spectrum of action, is slightly toxic and is well tolerated even by small patients. This drug is prescribed in a dose of 500 or even 1000 milligrams three times a day.
Be sure to withstand a ten-day course of treatment with the drug, otherwise recurrent antibiotic-resistant tonsillitis may develop. In this case, or if the treatment with Amoxicillin is ineffective, it is replaced with another antibiotic, best of all - a drug from the protected penicillins group. If clavulanic acid is included in the complex with Amoxicillin , it is considered more effective. This substance protects the antibiotic from destruction. Most often used to treat Amoxiclav throat. But there are still many drugs containing this antibiotic: Klavocin, Danemox, Moksiklav, Flemoklav Solyutab and others.
Cephalosporins: Pros and Cons
Many doctors do not like antibiotics of this group because they have low bioavailability. But still, often with intolerance to penicillins, the preparations “Cefuroxime”, “Cefixime”, “Zinnat”, “Axef” and others are also prescribed. Not all of them are effective specifically for bacterial pharyngitis. But Russian doctors still often prescribe antibiotics of this group even in injections, especially in case of a child’s disease. But there is no special need for injections in most cases with angina. With such an infection, conventional tablet antibiotics completely cope.
Lincosamides
Preparations of this group practically do not have the disadvantages of other antibiotics. They are very effective precisely with bacterial tonsillitis, but many patients are not familiar with these medicines. Although one of them is Linkomycin, it’s an old, time-tested antibacterial agent.
But the drug "Clindamycin" is more popular with doctors. It quickly penetrates tissues and effectively destroys bacteria. But it helps only with angina caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. This antibiotic can also be found under the names "Dalacin" or "Clindacin". Lincosamides should be taken at the doses prescribed by the doctor four times a day, since they have a fast half-life.
Macrolide antibiotics
In some cases, phlegmic tonsillitis develops. This is a common complication of common pharyngitis, which develops in children, debilitated patients, or in those who did not follow the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor. In most cases, the most famous antibiotics of the penicillin group, cephalosporins, or lincosamides cope with such complications. But sometimes a sore throat develops, resistant to these drugs. This is due to the fact that bacteria penetrate the cells. And only macrolides possess the ability to act through the cell membrane. These are quite strong antibiotics, so they are taken once a day.
But sometimes a sore throat develops, resistant to these drugs. This is due to the fact that bacteria penetrate the cells. And the only macrolides have the ability to act through the cell membrane. These are quite strong antibiotics, so they are taken once a day. The most famous of them are Azithromycin and Clarithromycin.
How to treat a sore throat
First of all, do not self-medicate. It is especially dangerous to leave children, the elderly weakened people and pregnant women without medical assistance. Common sore throat in some cases can cause bacterial infection. Moreover, the patient becomes in this case dangerous to others.
That is why it is necessary to see a doctor so that he prescribes the necessary treatment. Usually at the very beginning of the disease it is rinses, lozenges and sprays, painkillers and antipyretic drugs. If after a few days the temperature still holds, and the pain intensifies, antibacterial treatment should be carried out. Therefore, it is very important to visit a doctor if a sore throat. What antibiotics to use in this case can only be decided by a specialist.