Despite the fact that antibacterial agents have a large number of side effects, it is not always possible to refuse to use them. The main thing is that the drug is selected correctly and ensures the necessary result.
The drug "Fosfomycin" is highly effective in the treatment of infections. Analogues of the drug have a similar effect. "Fosfomycin" is available in the form of water-soluble granules and powder, intended for the preparation of solutions, has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.
The mechanism of action of the drug
The antibiotic is effective in diseases whose development occurs as a result of exposure to harmful bacteria (gram-positive and gram-negative). The antimicrobial effect is achieved due to the active substance fosfomycin trometamol. The antibacterial effect is carried out by disrupting the formation of the bacterial cell wall.
Pharmacokinetics
When a large concentration of the active ingredient is present in the blood plasma, the maximum activity of the drug Fosfomycin is observed. The instruction shows that this occurs 2-2.5 hours after the drug enters the body. Fosfomycin is suitable for parenteral and oral use. The drug, taken orally, is rapidly absorbed in the digestive tract, breaks down into fosfomycin and trometamol. Absorption ranges from 34% to 65% (eating helps to reduce the rate, so it is better to drink the medicine on an empty stomach). Half-life requires 4 hours. Trometamol fosfomycin is completely eliminated from the body with feces and urine, mainly by the kidneys (about 90%).
Indications for use
Usually "Fosfomycin", analogues of the drug are taken orally for infectious diseases of the urinary system. The drug successfully treats cystitis and urethritis of bacterial etiology, extensive bacteriuria, which sometimes develops in pregnant women and may not manifest itself in any way. In the postoperative period, this antibacterial agent helps prevent the occurrence of infectious pathologies.
Injection is indicated in the treatment of a large number of diseases that arose as a result of damage to the body by bacteria:
- purulent pleurisy;
- acute cystitis;
- pyelonephritis;
- adnexitis;
- septicemia;
- pneumonia;
- bronchiectatic disease;
- pelvic infections.
In severe cases of the disease, combined treatment is possible, when in addition to Fosfomycin, other antibacterial drugs are used. Basically, “Fosfomycin” (analogues) is used in conjunction with beta-lactam antibiotics.
Contraindications and limitations
The drug is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to the active substance and auxiliary components. The drug is contraindicated in patients who have kidney failure (creatinine clearance does not exceed 10 ml / min.).
In case of impaired liver and kidney function, Fosfomycin is used with caution, during pregnancy and lactation - only under the supervision of a specialist.
Limited use of the drug is required in the treatment of patients under the age of 5 years and older than 75 years (for children under 5 years old, “Fosfomycin” is rarely prescribed).
The use of "Fosfomycin"
Inside use granules previously dissolved in water, for injections take an injection solution prepared from the powder of the drug "Fosfomycin". Analogs and this tool are used in doses recommended by the attending physician. Dosage depends on the disease and its severity.
The instructions indicate the maximum dosage of the drug when used orally: for children - 2 g per day, for adults - 3 g per day. Intravenously, a child can be administered no more than 100-200 mg / kg of weight, an adult - no more than 2-4 g.
Granules are taken once, on an empty stomach or 2 hours after a meal. In this case, the next meal is possible no earlier than 2 hours. It is advisable to take the medicine before bedtime after emptying the bladder.
Side effects
A drug containing fosfomycin trometamol, analogues of this drug, like any other antibiotics, can lead to the development of unwanted reactions of the body. The following violations in the digestive tract are possible:
- change of stool;
- flatulence;
- nausea followed by vomiting.
From the nervous system, sometimes increased nervousness, dizziness, headache, a person constantly wants to sleep.
Injections can cause pain at the injection site, feeling thirsty. After administering the drug in this way, some patients have thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and allergic manifestations include anaphylactic shock, itchy skin, rash, and urticaria. Side effects also include the appearance of peripheral edema and seizures. The manifestation of other side effects is not ruled out.
In case of an overdose, undesirable reactions are more pronounced. It is important to drink plenty of fluids, in addition, symptomatic treatment should be performed.
After identifying the side effects of the drug "Fosfomycin", the instruction prohibits its further use. A physician must replace the drug.
special instructions
The interaction of the drug with other substances should be considered. It is not recommended to be taken together with Metoclopramide, because the result of their combined use is a decrease in the effectiveness of Fosfomycin.
Do not take medicine for patients prone to allergic manifestations. Since the drug passes into breast milk, treatment during breast-feeding should be discontinued or performed with caution.
"Fosfomycin", analogues, synonyms of the drug take courses. During the treatment period, you can not skip taking the medicine, you need to use it observing equal intervals. If there was a pass, the required dose of the drug should be taken as quickly as possible (only if in the near future it is not necessary to take the next dose).
Analogs, reviews
Instead of the drug "Fosfomycin", analog drugs and synonymous drugs can be used. But they must be picked up by the attending physician. It is worth noting that instead of the drug in question, “Urophosphabol” and “Monural” are often used. They can quite successfully replace Fosfomycin. Analogues in Ukraine are represented by these drugs. These drugs do a good job and can be used to treat the same diseases as Fosfomycin. Like other antibacterial agents, they have some side effects. “Urofosfabol”, “Monural” are taken with extreme caution, the same applies to the drug “Fosfomycin”. The analogue in Russia, which is the most popular, is Monural, but Urophosphabol is also available in pharmacies.
"Monural" is often prescribed for the treatment of acute infectious diseases of the urinary tract, which proceed without complications and are caused by microorganisms sensitive to this drug. The medicine is used in operations and diagnostic procedures. Urofosfabolom treat infectious and inflammatory diseases, but only those that are sensitive to its active substance. There are few options that can replace "Fosfomycin." Analogs Ukraine and Russia use the same.
The reviews show that “Fosfomycin” can not always be found in pharmacies, and its cost is high, not every person can purchase. But Monural is always in stock. It is cheaper, but it works no worse. Those who took "Fosfomycin" noticed that it exerts the necessary effect quickly enough. However, not everyone notices positive changes. Sometimes, in order to cure the disease, you have to prescribe another drug. In some cases, adverse reactions occur, because the body of each person has its own characteristics and reacts differently to the substances present in the composition of the drugs.