Many people in the world suffer from various types of allergies. For some, it is almost asymptomatic or worsens only at certain times of the year or under specific weather conditions. Allergies prevent other people from living day and night, making life without the necessary drugs simply impossible.
Familiarization with the instructions for the use of diphenhydramine in ampoules
Allergy is an acute reaction of a person's immunity to substances that are safe in nature and are constantly in widespread use. Just at one point, the immune system begins to attack the human body.
Symptoms of allergies can occur when the allergen is inhaled or comes in contact with the skin, as well as when it is eaten. A rash and hives appear on the skin, tears flow from the eyes, breathing is difficult, sneezing and runny nose appear. Such symptoms can last several hours, and sometimes several days. To alleviate the condition of the patient and improve the quality of his life, the drug "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules is widely used to combat allergic manifestations.
Description of the drug
"Diphenhydramine" ("Diphenhydramine") - a drug aimed at alleviating allergic symptoms in adults. It was first discovered in the 40s of the last century by former professor at the University of Cincinnati George Riveshl and already in 1946 was put on the market as the first antihistamine to be approved by the FDA in the USA. A medication is a vital medicine.
Release form
Diphenhydramine is available in ampoules as a 1% solution for injection. One ampoule of the drug contains 10 mg of diphenhydramine. The drug is packaged in a cardboard box of 10 ampoules. This dosage form is convenient for intramuscular or intravenous administration in situations where taking the usual tablet form is not possible due to severe vomiting or due to the patient's unconscious state.
Action "Diphenhydramine"
"Diphenhydramine" eliminates the symptoms of allergic reactions by blocking the H1-histamine receptors. The drug quickly stops spasms of smooth muscles, reduces swelling of the tissues of the mucous membranes, as well as redness of the eyes and skin, itching and permeability of capillaries.
"Diphenhydramine" provides local anesthesia of the larynx and oral cavity, if taken orally. The drug is able to lower blood pressure, and also have a calming or even hypnotic effect. "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules begins to act a few minutes after ingestion and lasts about 4-8 hours. It is excreted in its entirety with the help of the kidneys during the day.
Indications for the use of "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules
Typically, the drug is used in the following cases:
- anaphylactic shock;
- allergic inflammation of the eyes;
- hives;
- hay fever;
- angioedema;
- allergy to other drugs;
- serum sickness;
- capillarotoxicosis;
- Meniere's disease;
- dermatitis and itching;
- chorea;
- postoperative vomiting;
- polymorphic exudative erythema.
Dosage and administration
Before use, carefully read the instructions for use. Specialists recommend "diphenhydramine" in ampoules for adult patients to be administered intravenously in the form of a dropper or intramuscularly. Under the skin, the drug cannot be administered due to the occurrence of severe inflammation around the injection site. When using it intramuscularly, a single dose of Diphenhydramine in ampoules is from 10 to 50 mg (1-5 ampoules), the maximum allowable dose per day should be no more than 150 mg (30 ampoules).
For intravenous drip, drugs are mixed in proportions of 20-50 mg of Diphenhydramine per 100 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Treatment continues until a positive effect is achieved and provided there are no adverse reactions to the drug. It is necessary to store Diphenhydramine in ampoules in the refrigerator or in any other dark place inaccessible to children, at a temperature not exceeding +25 ° C. The shelf life of the drug is not more than four years from the date of its release.
Symptoms of an overdose of the drug
If the patient does not adhere to the dosage of Diphenhydramine in ampoules, rather unpleasant and sometimes life-threatening symptoms can occur:
- heaviness in the chest when inhaling;
- dry mouth
- redness of the skin of the face;
- excited state;
- euphoria or, conversely, a depressive state;
- confusion of thoughts;
- heart rhythm disturbance;
- cramps in the limbs.
In the treatment of an overdose of "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules, the manifestations of symptoms must be taken into account. If respiratory failure occurs, monitoring of respiration and blood pressure is necessary. Intravenous infusion of blood replacement fluid to purify blood. "Physostigmine" - a drug that stops the action of diphenhydramine, is administered intravenously, if necessary, a second dose is possible. For convulsions and seizures, the use of "Diazepam" is necessary.
Side effects
- On the part of the general physical condition, weakness, decreased attention, decreased speed of reactions and coordination of movements, headaches and dizziness, tinnitus, panic attacks, irritability, agitation, dilated pupils or blurred vision, tremors or cramps in the limbs, and insomnia may occur.
- In the area of the cardiovascular system, when using Diphenhydramine in ampoules, a heart rhythm disturbance and low blood pressure may occur.
- From the hemopoietic system: anemia, a decrease in the platelet content in the blood.
- From the digestive system: nausea, numbness and dryness of the mucous membranes in the mouth, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, pain in the stomach.
- Side effects in the genitourinary system: urinary retention or, conversely, constant urge to urinate, irregular menstruation.
- On the part of the respiratory system, there is a sore throat, crusting in the nose, a feeling of constriction in the chest, nasal congestion, shortness of breath.
- When using Diphenhydramine in ampoules on the skin, symptoms such as redness, itching, multiple rashes, ulcers on the skin and mucous membranes may appear.
- Allergic reactions to the drug itself may also occur, resulting in the following symptoms: urticaria, rash, anaphylactic shock. Chills and fever are possible.
In order to avoid unpleasant and dangerous consequences of an overdose, it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions of the doctors and the recommendations described in the instructions for "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules.
Contraindications
"Diphenhydramine" in ampoules is undesirable to take with the following diseases and characteristics of the body:
- hypersensitivity to the composition of the drug;
- stomach disease
- angle-closure glaucoma;
- epileptic seizures;
- pregnancy I, II, III trimesters and lactation;
- bradycardia;
- porphyria;
- bronchial asthma;
- arrhythmia;
- perinatal prolonged QT syndrome or systematic administration of drugs that extend the QT interval;
- age under 18 years;
- pheochromocytoma.
special instructions
The drug "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules is not used subcutaneously due to tissue necrosis.
The drug is used with special attention in patients who have recently undergone diseases of the respiratory system, suffering from hyperthyroidism, as well as in people with low blood pressure, diseases of the cardiovascular system and high eye pressure. Due to the possibility of undesirable effects such as hallucinations, dizziness, etc., Diphenhydramine should be used in ampoules under special control in elderly patients, in order to avoid falls and injuries.
It is necessary to use the drug with caution in patients suffering from impaired renal and hepatic function. During the use of "Diphenhydramine" it is necessary to refrain from drinking drinks containing alcohol. Do not be in direct sunlight. When going to the hospital, the patient must inform the doctor that he is taking Diphenhydramine. This information will help in diagnosing various diseases.
It was revealed that "Diphenhydramine" has a number of effects that reduce the speed of reactions, alertness, and has pronounced sedative properties, so when using this drug, you should not engage in activities that pose a potential hazard, requiring special care and reaction, in particular driving a car.
Synonyms of Diphenhydramine
The word "synonym" refers to drugs that contain the same active substance. These drugs include all drugs that contain diphenhydramine:
- "Psilo-balm."
- "Grandim."
- "Allergin."
- Dimedrol-UBF.
- "Diphenhydramine hydrochloride."
- Diphenhydramine buffus.
- Dimedrol Vial.
Analogs
The analogue of "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules can be any drug with different active ingredients in composition, but with the same properties and pharmacological action:
- Suprastin.
- Loratadine.
- "Desloratadine."
- Fenkarol, etc.
In addition, many of the analogues of "Diphenhydramine" can be purchased at the pharmacy without a prescription.
Drug interactions
Diphenhydramine may enhance the effects of various drugs. For instance:
- drugs used for anesthesia;
- sedatives and sleeping pills;
- drugs for local anesthesia;
- various analgesics, including narcotic.
With simultaneous use with analeptic drugs, seizures may occur.
The use of MAO inhibitors can increase blood pressure and adversely affect the respiratory and nervous systems. "Diphenhydramine" in combination with drugs to lower blood pressure enhances the feeling of fatigue. It reduces the effectiveness of the emetic Apomorphine, which is used in the treatment of poisoning. "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules cannot be prescribed simultaneously with drugs that contain diphenhydramine in order to avoid the manifestation of overdose symptoms.
It is forbidden to mix the drug with other drugs in one container. Only use the solvent recommended for this medication.
Pharmacy Vacation Terms
The most significant quality of Diphenhydramine in ampoules is its rather low cost - within 20 rubles per pack.
"Diphenhydramine" is not a narcotic substance, but because of the sedative effect on the central nervous system, it is in great demand among people suffering from drug addiction. Sometimes the drug can have an enhancing effect on alcohol and drugs. That is why without a prescription, "Diphenhydramine" in ampoules in pharmacies cannot be purchased. It is best to contact a specialist if you have allergic symptoms and get a prescription for this drug.