The vast majority of the population of our country regularly undergoes a mandatory preventive medical examination, one of the components of which is the analysis of urine and a smear from the genitals. Almost everyone is familiar with the test procedure, but not everyone knows what and for what purpose doctors are looking for in the urine and smear.
A urinalysis is taken to determine the amount of extraneous and natural components in it, such as protein, sugar, sand, narcotic substances and, of course, the epithelium.
The epithelium is the cells that make up the outer skin of the human body and organs. Ureters, kidneys, bladder, urethra - all these components of the urinary system are lined with a special, own epithelium. And, of course, its individual cells can be excreted along with urine.
Knowing if there is an epithelium in the urine is very important. You also need to know both its quantity and type (renal, flat, or transitional epithelium). This is necessary in order to determine how healthy the organs of the urinary system are, whether urgent treatment is required.
Of course, in a small amount of epithelium in the urine should be. Normally, 10 cells can be in the field of view, but no more. In the absence of diseases of the organs of the system, only squamous epithelium can be detected in the urine . His absence suggests that a visit to the doctor is inevitable.
But if the analysis shows a kidney or transitional epithelium in the urine, then everything is much more serious. The presence of the first indicates kidney problems such as intoxication, glomerulonephritis, and circulatory disorders. The presence of a transitional epithelium indicates inflammatory diseases such as cystitis or pyelonephritis.
Since many of the diseases of the urinary system are quite difficult to detect at an early stage, and in an advanced state they are very difficult to treat, urine should be taken for analysis and the epithelium in the urine should be checked regularly. Attention to your own body can help prevent many health problems.
The procedure for taking a smear from the genitals is also known to everyone who underwent a routine examination. She is absolutely safe and painless. The purpose
of the smear analysis is to identify pathogens and determine the number of natural organisms and epithelium.
As in urine, flat epithelium in the smear should be. Its complete absence can talk about genital atrophy, which you need to start fighting as soon as possible.
In women, a smear is taken from the walls of the vagina and from the cervix, and in men, from the walls of the urinary canal. Like women, men should have an epithelium in the smear. The norm of epithelial cells is 5-10 pieces in the field of view.
The delivery of the smear should be treated responsibly, since if some rules are not followed, the results of the analysis may be distorted. So, before going to the doctor it is not recommended to urinate for 3-4 hours, and intimate relationships should be avoided for a day before the test.
After taking a smear, it is normal for men to feel a slight pain and burning sensation when urinating, and women may experience spotting with traces of blood.