What is a hernia in general? This is a protrusion of any organs of the body from the cavity that they occupy. The process of their emergence occurs through a normal or pathological opening. In this case, the protrusion is located under the skin, between the muscles, in the body cavity. The integrity of the membranes above the hernia should be maintained, so that a bag (skin, fascial, etc.) appears in which the organ or organs lie.
What are hernias
Many classifications of them are proposed: according to the degree of development, by origin, by the presence of complications, by law. Consider such an anatomy of location, they are:
- cerebral;
- muscle
- pulmonary.
Ventral or hernia of the abdomen also stands out . Symptoms of them all are different, but the causes are similar. A hernia develops when the pressure from the organ and the resistance force of the adjacent wall (from muscles, ligaments, fascia) do not match. Consider the latter, which are most often observed. They may be:
- inguinal;
- femoral
- white line;
- epigastric;
- umbilical;
- perineal;
- lateral;
- obturator.
Abdominal hernia, symptoms which appear after surgical treatment of any disease of the abdominal organs, is called postoperative.
Signs of abdominal hernia
The main one is the presence of protrusion of different sizes and localizations. It can be set back or remain stuck out all the time.
How else is a hernia of the abdomen manifested? Its symptoms are few in number, because the presence of protrusion is usually enough to make a diagnosis. Sometimes even in the patient there is an unsharp aching or pulling pain in the hernia. This is due to the fact that the organ inside the hernial sac has shifted from its normal position, and compression of the nerves innervating it has occurred.
How to treat this disease
Abdominal hernia, the symptoms of which are described above, is a disease that definitely needs treatment. The fact is that it can be complicated by such formidable ailments as inflammation, infringement, the development of organ dysfunctions inside the hernial sac, and even their rupture, and as a result peritonitis.
The main treatment for abdominal hernia is surgical. It is necessary to open the hernial sac, remove the organs in place, suture the hole, in which case there will be no relapse in this place. But to prevent the occurrence of hernias in this patient of a different localization, it will be necessary to deal with causing factors.
Sometimes a slightly different operation is performed to prevent new protrusions. Abdominal hernias, in which they use this technique, are large or constantly returning. Then the hole cannot be sutured well and a special synthetic mesh is applied to the weak spot of the abdominal wall.
For small uncomplicated protrusions, conservative methods are used (wearing bandages, dressings). Also in this way they help patients for whom surgery is currently contraindicated. But they usually do not drastically cure the disease, they only stop its progression and are used as a temporary measure.