The problems of Lermontov's works to this day is one of the most interesting topics in literary criticism. After all, the work of Mikhail Yuryevich provides extensive ground for reflection, it is striking in its depth, as well as in the range of feelings and emotions enclosed in them. In many ways, the theme of Lermontovās work is connected with his biography, in addition, it is dictated to the writer by time itself. In this regard, poetry, lyric-epic works and prose of the author should be considered separately.
Lyrics
M. Yu. Lermontov left a huge legacy in the form of his immortal poems. He began to write very early, and even the very first experiments were imbued with great emotions. The problems of Lermontovās works allows us to divide all his lyrical work into several categories:
1. Poems about loneliness, in which the main motive is misunderstanding, a break with people.
2. Poet and poetry.
3. Poems about love.
4. Poems about nature, about the motherland.
5. Poems about the war.
Consider each of the categories.
Lermontov's poems about loneliness
Mikhail Lermontov was brought up by his grandmother. He did not recognize either fatherly or motherly love. Perhaps this is precisely what influenced the entire work of the poet. In particular, this influenced the formation of this theme of creativity. Lermontov was worried about how people treated him. He was also depressed by the mores prevailing in his time. An example is the poem "How often a motley crowd is surrounded", in which a fierce rebuke to a hypocritical society is heard. Heroes of Lermontov are often carried away into the world of dreams, in this text it is a world of childhood, carefree and pure. In later work, the motive of loneliness ceases to be conjugated with accusations, but it is further strengthened. How much the lines of the cliff poem sound! In eight lines, the poet managed to express all the pain and anguish of a lonely heart. This issue of Lermontovās works is closely connected with such images as sail, leaf, cliff.
Poems about nature
Lermontov had the warmest feelings for Russian landscapes. It is in nature that his lyrical hero feels more calm, balanced and harmonious. The most striking work on the beauty of Russian nature is "When a Yellowing Cornfield Excites". The work is very harmonious and melodic. The first three stanzas are a description of nature. Lermontov enlivens what surrounds him. Niva is worried, the raspberry plum is "hiding in the garden", the lily of the valley "nods affably." Admiring what is happening, the hero begins to feel humility and peace, all his worries fade away, and in heaven he begins to see the face of God.
Love lyrics
The problems of Lermontovās works on human feelings are not limited to loneliness. The poet also pays attention to love. True, love in his lyrics is always shown as a tragedy. From the very first poems, Lermontov draws to us the tragic relationship between the lyrical hero and his lover. The hero suffers from ridicule, misunderstanding. The most striking example is the poem "Beggar". It is built on the principle of psychological parallelism. The first part is the story of a beggar who, instead of charity, put a stone in his hand. The second part is the deceived feelings of the lyrical hero. After Lermontov met Varvara Lopukhina, her mood changed. Now the feelings are mutual, but lovers are not allowed to be together. This is the poem "We are accidentally reduced by fate."
Military poetry
The themes of Lermontovās work are not limited to feelings. He also addressed the topic of war. The peculiarity of poetry on this subject is that Lermontov pays great attention to the unnaturalness of violence. So, in the poem "Valerik" the poet paints the beautiful nature of the Caucasus, she is not interested in the bloody events arranged by people. In the poem "Borodino" Lermontov addresses the theme of the historical past of his native country, he is delighted with the former power of the nation. This is a deeply patriotic work.
Prose Lermontov
the most striking prose work was the novel "Hero of our time." In the center of the image is Pechorin. This is a hero who commits rash acts. He destroys people without realizing it. At the same time, Pechorin is deeply convinced that people do not understand him, that many are unworthy of him. In fact, he is talented and smart, he can be admired. But there are traits that cannot be called positive: inability to be friends and love, pride and selfishness. The problems that Lermontov raises (a brief summary of the work clearly shows this) are the searches for the hero of the time and the debunking of modern egocentric youth, as well as the problems of morality.
Lyro-epic works
One of the most striking poems by Mikhail Lermontov is "Mtsyri". A lonely romantic hero abandoned by the will of fate in a monastery. He is brought up in it, but does not feel at home. Mtsyri feels his restlessness, as if in prison, wants to be set free. The problems of Lermontovās works intersect in this poem. Here the theme of loneliness and the theme of freedom are raised, and one can clearly see how reverently Lermontov treats nature.
In addition, the poem is a prime example of a romantic work. Mtsyri strives for the world of dreams. After spending one day in the wild, he understands what real life is. Staying in a monastery now becomes impossible. Having received mortal wounds in a fight with a leopard (the personification of the violent forces of nature), Mtsyri dies. Such is the tragic pathos of all the writer's work. Heroes of Lermontov in a collision with reality most often lose. Their dreams are not destined to come true, but life in this world is unbearable.