Types of tablets in pharmacology

On drugstore shelves you can see many drugs. They are produced in the form of tablets, drops, syrups, sprays, capsules, etc. They have different effects, composition and application. Let's try to determine what types of tablets are and why they are needed.

For heart

Minor disturbances in the cardiovascular system can be corrected with medication. For example, they will help relieve pain in the heart, relieve arrhythmias, normalize the heartbeat and support the body in heart failure.

With acute pressing pains, a burning sensation in the chest, angina pectoris manifests itself, and lumbago under the shoulder blade and in the left shoulder - myocardial infarction. With such symptoms, immediate help from specialists is needed. Prior to their arrival, Aspirin and Nitroglycerin will help alleviate the condition.

Arrhythmia tablets improve myocardial conduction and excitability. They are taken in combination (for example, with vitamins) and according to a certain scheme. Drugs are prescribed depending on the type of rhythm disturbance:

• "Etmozin" and "Propafenone" (with refractory arrhythmia);
• “Atenolol” and “Bisoprolol” (for persistent violations);
• Amiodarone (for ventricular fibrillation);
• "Cordaron" and "Sotalol" (with extrasystole).

Glycosides and adrenergic blockers will help relieve tachycardia. If it began against the background of neurology, then sedatives are used: Relanium and Tranquilar. Propaferon and Anaprilin will help to level the pulse.

What types of pills will save you in heart failure? In this case, they treat:

• ACE inhibitors (Captopril, Trandolapril);
• diuretics;
• beta-blockers ("Bisoprolol", "Metoprolol", etc.).

Hormone pills

Different human organs secrete certain hormones that perform various functions. They are produced: by the pituitary, thyroid and pancreas, adrenal glands and reproductive system.

Steroids are widely used, for the selection of which the adrenal glands are responsible. Preparations with them well relieve inflammation, swelling, severe allergies and autoimmune processes. Steroid-based drugs: Dexamethasone, Prednisolone, Metipred, etc. You should be aware that taking these drugs on your own can lead to obesity, hypertension, and an increase in blood sugar (and then diabetes).

Decreased thyroid function is treated with Levothyroxine Sodium and Triiodothyronine. The lack of its hormones causes obesity, anemia, atherosclerosis and a decrease in intelligence. An overdose of drugs can lead to a violation of the heart rhythm or heart attack.

A very important type of hormone pills is oral contraceptives. They protect against unwanted pregnancy by suppressing ovulation. Such drugs are divided into:

• one-component (Charozetta, Exluton);
• combined ("Yarina", "Jess", "Logest");
• postcoital (Postinor, Escapel).

Against cough

Most colds are accompanied by a cough, which brings a lot of discomfort. If it is not treated, serious complications can begin. You should know that treatment is prescribed depending on the manifestations of the disease. The following types of cough tablets are available:

1. Depressing cough receptors. Such remedies help if there is no sputum.
2. Bronchodilators. The drugs relax the muscles of the bronchi, as a result of which the spasm disappears.
3. Mucolytics. These drugs dilute sputum and remove it from the lungs.
4. Expectorant effect. Means provoke the release of viscous secretions from the lungs.
5. Anti-inflammatory drugs. They remove inflammation from the mucous membranes of the respiratory system.
6. Antihistamines cope with allergic coughs.

The following medicines will help get rid of cough:

• “Codelac Broncho”, “Stoptussin”, “Ambrohexal”, “Falimint” (for dry cough);
• “ACC”, “Doctor Mom”, “Bromhexine”, “Mukaltin” (for wet cough).

Painkillers tablets

There are different types of painkillers that are classified by type of exposure to the body. They can change biochemistry, affect the mind, remove inflammation or lower the temperature. By composition, such drugs are divided into narcotic and non-narcotic.

Narcotic tablets usually contain small doses of morphine, codeine, promedol, tramadol, etc. They cope well with pain, but are addictive. Among narcotic analgesics it is worth highlighting: “No-shpalgin”, “Nurofen plus”, “Panadein”, “Parkocet”, “Pentalgin N”, “Solpadein”.

Non-narcotic painkillers:

1. "Aspirin". Pills relieve pain, heat, and also relieve inflammation. Acetylsalicylic acid-based medicines: Holicaps, Aspicore, etc.
2. “Ketoprofen”, “Nise”, “Diclofenac”, “Ibuprofen” and others. They largely stop inflammatory processes.
3. "Butadion" is a highly toxic agent that is used as a last resort.
4. "Paracetamol" is considered a safe analgesic, so it is prescribed even for children.

From pressure

There is a condition when a person rises or falls pressure. This may be due to various serious illnesses, but this symptom can be dealt with with medication. Let us dwell on high pressure, from which help:

• alpha blockers;
• beta blockers;
• calcium antagonists;
• ACE inhibitors;
• angiotensin II blockers (sartans);
• diuretics (diuretics).

Alpha-blockers relieve spasms, relax and dilate blood vessels. Very often they are prescribed along with beta-blockers and diuretics. The drugs are suitable for severe cases when other drugs did not help. Alpha-blockers include: Prazosin, Butyroxan, Phentolamine, Minoxidil and others.

Beta-blockers reduce the heart rate, relax the walls of blood vessels. They are used in severe forms of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure. Preparations of this group: "Concor", "Biprol", "Bisoprolol", "Coronal", etc.

Sartans are a type of pill for pressure, which well reduces it, acting during the day. The drug does not have to be taken often - just one tablet per day is enough. This group includes: “Valz”, “Lozartan”, “Candesartan”, “Valsartan”, “Lorista”.

Calcium antagonists are prescribed as a complex treatment with ACE inhibitors or sartans. They block calcium channels, resulting in increased blood flow and improved blood supply to the myocardium. The most popular are: “Verapamil”, “Diltiazem”, “Amlodipine”, “Nifedipine”.

ACE inhibitors are prescribed when hypertension is accompanied by a concomitant disease - diabetes. They are dangerous because with prolonged use they increase the level of potassium in the blood. As a result, this affects the health of the heart muscle. The most popular means of this group: “Kaptropil”, “Univask”, “Monopril”, “Enam”.

Diuretics - a type of pill that reduces vascular swelling by removing urine. At high pressure, they are prescribed together with alpha and beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists. Diuretics are divided into several types:

• loopback ("Lasix", "Furosemide", "Pyrethanide");
• thiazide (Ezidrex, Chlortalidone);
• potassium-sparing (Veroshpiron, Amilorid, Triamteren).

From allergies

Histamine is a substance that, when an allergen enters the body, is activated and becomes dangerous. To avoid serious consequences, it is necessary to take antihistamines. In addition to them, hormones, adsorbents, homeopathic remedies are also prescribed. This type of tablet is divided into three groups: first, second and third generation.

First-generation drugs:

1. Ketotifen. With its help, various forms of allergies are treated, as well as rhinitis and conjunctivitis.
2. Suprastin. Helps with hives, hay fever, various skin rashes.
3. "Diazolin." It copes with rhinitis, urticaria, food and drug allergies.
4. "Fenkarol." It relieves rhinitis, pollinosis, skin itching and other manifestations of the disease.

Second generation allergy medicines:

1. Fenistil. Indispensable for rhinitis, itching, food and drug allergies.
2. Claritin. Suitable for children from a year, does not have a sedative effect.
3. Histalong. Reduces capillary permeability, relieves swelling.

Third Generation Tablets:

1. "Cetirizine." It very effectively removes itching, swelling.
2. Telfast. Safe, combats all forms of allergies.
3. "Tsetrin." Eliminates allergic rhinitis, urticaria, skin rashes.
4. Prednisolone is a very strong hormonal drug. It quickly eliminates all symptoms, but its use should be resorted to only as a last resort.

To improve digestion

The main function of any drug for digestion is to ensure the intake of important substances: fats, carbohydrates and amino acids.

The composition of this type of tablets contains substances and enzymes that support the body in a normal condition. The most popular of them:

1. "Pancreatin" is a very effective tool with a low cost. It is prescribed for: a lack of pancreatic enzymes, overeating, problems with the stomach, intestines and liver.
2. "Creon" - contains pancreatin, which stimulates the production of important enzymes. The drug is necessary for: chronic pancreatitis, overeating, recovery after gastrointestinal surgery.
3. Mezim is an effective drug consisting of pancreatin, lipase, amylase and protease. It is covered with a sweet shell, so it is prescribed even to children.
4. “Festal” activates lipase, as a result of which it helps to absorb fiber, fats and other useful substances. The drug quickly and effectively helps.
5. “Somilase” has a positive effect not only on the digestive tract, but also on the pancreas. The enzyme contained in the medicine helps break down plant and animal fats.

For weight loss

It happens that there are difficulties with losing weight. Then diet pills come to the rescue, which are: fat-burning, diuretics, reduce appetite.

Fat burning products are a type of pill that speeds up the metabolism. They help break down fat cells and convert them to energy. Efficiency increases with intense loads. With their help, fat leaves the sides and abdomen. Popular fat burning pills are L-Carnitine, Black Widow and others.

Diuretic tablets contain natural diuretics (extracts of exotic plants). Weight loss is associated with the removal of excess water from the body. Fat deposits will not have any effect. Among the diuretics, Bumetanide, Furosemide, Indapamide, Asparkam, etc. are distinguished.

Pills that reduce appetite create a feeling of fullness. As a result, a person eats smaller portions, and therefore loses weight. These drugs act in different ways: some swell in the stomach (Ankir-B, Cortes) due to microcrystalline cellulose. Other drugs (Goldline, Reduxin) are considered more dangerous because they contain psychotropic substances. They send a signal to the brain that the body is full.

Antiparasitic tablets

All drugs that relieve parasites are divided into two groups:

1. Violating metabolic processes in their cells, as a result of which they die. Such funds include Albendazole, Mebendazole, Praziquantel. They treat ascariasis and enterobiasis.
2. Body paralysis of harmful microorganisms. Each drug acts on a specific type of parasite. For example, “Pirantel” and “Levamisole” will save from roundworms, and “Niklozamide” - from tapeworms.

The most popular antiparasitic tablets:

1. Levamisole. Effectively treats with ascariasis, necatorosis, enterobiosis, toxoplasmosis, etc.
2. "Piperazine." It relieves nematodes in two days.
3. Mebendazole Cope with almost all parasites in one day. If there are several types of helminths, treatment may be delayed.
4. "Pirantel." It removes various types of parasites from the body.
5. Sanaris. Effectively relieves not only pests, but also their eggs. The drug has a minimum of side effects due to its natural composition.
6. "Nemozol" is one of the best means that is prescribed to each person according to an individual scheme.
7. Krimikuthar Ras - Indian tablets for helminths with herbal composition.

Such a variety of tablets allows you to alleviate the condition of the patient and rid him of many diseases. It should be remembered that all medications should be prescribed by a doctor.