The list of broad antibiotics is very large and diverse. These drugs actively act against a large number of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and can have either a bactericidal effect, which causes the death of microorganisms, or bacteriostatic, as a result of which their reproduction ceases.
The use of a broad-spectrum antibiotic should be in the case when it is necessary to begin treatment sooner or there is no opportunity to identify the causative agent of the infection. It is also worth offering the patient this treatment option if there are several pathogens, and it is impossible to postpone the appointment of serious drugs because of the threat to the patient's life or due to the exacerbation of dangerous diseases.
Some of the best-known
broad-spectrum antibiotics are :
- chloramphenicol;
- neomycin;
- tetracycline;
- streptomycin;
- ampicillin;
- monomycin;
- imipenem;
- rifamycin;
- kanamycin;
- doxycycline.
The list of narrowly targeted antibiotics is used when the causative bacterium is identified and the patient is accurately diagnosed. The use of such drugs is more justified, since they affect a certain type of bacterium or fungus without reducing immunity and without lowering the level of beneficial bacteria of the human body. Nevertheless, antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action have gained wide distribution in medicine. Their list is divided into penicillins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, they are available in the form of injectable solutions, tablets or capsules, as well as in other dosage forms.
Cons of broad-spectrum antibioticsThe list of broad-based antibiotics includes drugs that destroy not only pathogenic fungi and bacteria, but also beneficial human microorganisms. The level of intestinal microflora is especially actively reduced, therefore, to restore it, it is necessary to prescribe probiotics to the patient.
When using antibiotics, some people experience side effects such as shortness of breath, headache, nausea, an allergic reaction, and many others.
Very often you can hear that you can not take antibiotics and alcohol at the same time. However, rarely does anyone know why. In fact, taking an antibiotic in itself is already a stress for an organism weakened by a disease, and if you add a dose of alcohol, you can get severe liver intoxication. Alcohol also reduces the activity of the antibiotic during treatment, and the healing process will drag on for weeks. The cardiovascular activity of the body may be impaired, which is fraught with an increase in blood pressure, weakness and shortness of breath.
Penicillin can have a toxic effect on the central nervous system when used in high doses, therefore, the dosage of the medication indicated by the doctor must be strictly observed.
The list of new generation antibiotics includes agents that have improved pharmacological properties and do not have a strong negative effect on the body.
Remember that improper or uncontrolled use of antibiotics can form the resistance of bacteria and fungi to this type of treatment. Microorganisms, adapting to the properties of the drug, begin to mutate and become resistant to antibacterial effects, which subsequently makes it difficult to cure the patient from infection. Do not prescribe yourself taking antibiotics for the slightest catarrhal disease, as you will only harm your healthy body. Such strong drugs are prescribed for really severe bacterial diseases, for example, with pneumonia, tonsillitis, sinusitis, etc.