A feature of personality disorders is that they are not the result of past illnesses, but are acquired in complex conflicts between the individual and society.
An exception is organic personality disorder. Under this name, painful changes in character and behavior that occur under the influence of brain damage are combined. Such damage can occur from the external environment - for example, as a result of head injuries, as well as from the inside - due to illnesses. At the same time, one cannot say that organic personality disorder develops due to trauma or illness. The leading role in the origin of this disorder is played by the experience of unhealthy relationships with society, the family, the internal conflicts of the subject associated with this disharmony.
Organic personality disorder draws attention already at the stage of primary symptoms, which lasts six months or more. The patient develops lethargy, indifference to what is happening in the outside world. Thinking, speech, emotional reactions slow down . Sometimes there are opposite feelings: a state of prolonged euphoria (causeless delight without connection with real events. Moreover, the patient does not consider himself happy). In the early stages of the disease, memory may remain unaffected. However, in a later period, violations are likely.
The developed stage of the disease is characterized by complete indifference of the person to the world around him. At the same time, even the most harmless appeal to the patient can cause extremely strong aggression on his part. He does not control his feelings. There is a lack of understanding that in relation to people around him, he behaves incorrectly. In response to criticism, it becomes suspicious and irritable. Can hate the critic, harbor resentment until the end of life. He speaks primitively and monotonously, jokes flatly, but does not understand other people's jokes at all.
They try to treat organic personality disorder comprehensively. Drug therapy is used: nootropics, antidepressants and antipsychotics, which can only be prescribed by a doctor. At the same time, the help of a psychologist, psychotherapist and social worker is required, which will provide support to the patient's family and, of course, to himself. If necessary, they will limit his participation in public life (if painful behavior will harm others and the patient himself).
However, even with a complex effect, it is impossible to talk about a cure for this ailment. In the most successful cases, we can talk about correction, which at different periods of the patient’s life succeeds better or worse.
The situation is different with the treatment of two other personality disorders: anancaste and bipolar.
Anancaste personality disorder is a world of obsessive thoughts, the patient’s constant doubts about the correctness of his actions, almost superstitious admiration for the norms of society and fanatic observance of them, the performance of obsessive actions that a person cannot stop. One of the symptoms of this disorder is the subject's inability to think silently. Obsessive thoughts, he must speak.
Anancaste disorder lends itself to psychotherapy in cases where the patient pleads ill. In this case, drug therapy is also prescribed. Combined treatment gives favorable results: it is possible to improve for a long time.
If the anancast considers itself healthy, and everyone around it is abnormal, then treatment will almost certainly have no effect.
Bipolar personality disorder is a serious and dangerous mental illness. Manifesting in the form of painful changes from a depressed state (depression) to overexcitation with loss of self-control (mania), this disorder can take a person's life.
In a state of depression, many patients experience an aversion to their existence and a desire for death. Any person who at least hinted at a desire to commit suicide should be taken seriously. Suicidal thoughts in most cases end with a suicide attempt or a complete suicide. In the event that one of the relatives, acquaintances, friends, colleagues who express thoughts of suicide is known, you need to arrange a meeting with a psychiatrist for him. Doctors know the technique of appointing and conducting such meetings. Suicide can be prevented, and depression can be cured.
In states of mania, patients with bipolar disorder can do things that will ruin their life. For example, manic patients spend all their (or someone else's!) Financial condition for insignificant purposes, take huge loans that they obviously cannot repay, show sexual intemperance with subsequent scandalous echoes in the family and society, and easily fall under the influence of lawbreakers.
Today's level of psychiatry allows you to actively treat bipolar disorder. With a professional approach to treatment, mainly medication, it is possible to achieve long-term remissions (recovery states) throughout the patient's life.
Among the considered personality disorders, it is practically not treated, and only the organic disorder is corrected. Treatment for anancastic disorder can give positive results. Bipolar disorder, despite the severity of the disease and the need for lifelong monitoring by a doctor, can be considered treatable.